［5－（4－甲脒－苄基）－2，4－二氧代－咪唑烷－3－基］－乙酰基－L－天冬氨酰－L－缬氨酸的合成

根据由精氨酸－甘氨酸－天冬氨酸组成的肽能抑制血小板聚集的机制，设计并合成了［５－（４－甲脒－苄基）－２，４－二氧代－咪唑烷－３－基］－乙酰基－Ｌ－天冬氨酰－Ｌ－缬氨酸（９）。生物试验结果表明：（９）抑制血小板聚集作用最强，其活性以ＩＣ＿（５０）值相比，强于类似物。     

Prevalence and mechanism of streptokinase-induced platelet stimulation. Effect of acetylsalicylic acid.

It was recently shown that streptokinase may induce clot formation in vivo by immunoglobulin G mediated platelet stimulation. We evaluated the in vitro effect of streptokinase on platelet function in 103 subjects, of whom 52 were < or = 30 years and 51 were > or = 50 years old. Although streptokinase inhibited platelet aggregation in the majority of cases, in nine the threshold concentration of ADP required to induce irreversible aggregation decreased with streptokinase (1 million Units. l-1) by 30% or more. This observation was confirmed in five of the nine by repeated measurements indicating reproducible streptokinase-induced platelet stimulation. Among the five, two were < or = 30, and three were > or = 50 years old. In none of the five subjects did the radio allergo sorbent test detect type E immunoglobulins directed against streptokinase in the serum. In contrast, in four of the five subjects, streptokinase-induced platelet hyperaggregability was suppressed by addition of goat antibodies against human immunoglobulin G, or F(ab')2-fragments of such antibodies. Acetylsalicylic acid did not prevent streptokinase-induced platelet stimulation, but in three of five cases, led to an increase in the control threshold concentration for ADP, so that after the decrease induced by streptokinase the threshold concentration for ADP was in the same range as before acetylsalicylic acid and streptokinase administration. Thus, streptokinase led to an inhibition of platelet aggregation in the majority of subjects evaluated. In a minority of five out of 103, however, streptokinase reproducibly caused platelet stimulation, presumably mediated by immunoglobulin G.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

山豆根碱与山豆根苏林碱对血小板聚集和粘附的影响

观察山豆根碱（Ｄａｕ）及山豆根苏林碱（Ｄａｓ）对人血小板聚集和粘附功能的影响，并探讨其作用机制。结果表明，两者可抑制由二磷酸腺苷、花生四烯酸和胶原引起的血小板聚集，药物浓度与聚集抑制率表现出明显的量效关系。Ｄａｕ处理的血小板其对二磷酸腺苷、花生四烯酸和胶原诱导聚集抑制的ＩＣ５０（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）分别为０．０４２（ｎ＝５），０．０２８（ｎ＝９）及０．０４６（ｎ＝１０）；Ｄａｓ则分别为０．０４２（ｎ＝５     

冠心病不同临床类型患者血浆、血小板脂质过氧化损伤与TXA_2/PGI_2平衡的研究

作者观察98例正常人和109例不同临床类型冠心病人血浆、血小板LPO、SOD,SeGSHP_x,RBC—SOD及血浆TXB_2、6-keto-PGF_(1α)的变化,发现各型冠心病组均有LPO、PL—LPO、TxB_2、TxB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α)比值明显升高,6-keto-PGF_(1α),SOD、PLSOD、RBC-SOD,SOD/LPO及SeGSHPX/LPO比值明显降低。但各型程度不同,以急性心肌梗塞和不稳定性心绞痛改变突出。血浆LPO与6-keto-PGF_(1α)呈显著负相关。提示脂质过氧化损伤与TXA_2/PGI_2平衡密切相关。认为SOD/LPO、SeGSHPx/LPO,TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α)比值在冠心病诊断中是重要有意义的指标,血小板SOD/LPO比值能更敏感地反映冠心病人氧化与抗氧化能力的平衡状态。     

Alterations of the levels of glycoproteins Ib-IX and IIb-IIIa in platelets stored at 22°C

Platelets stored in CLX™ blood bags, under normal blood banking conditions, were studied for up to 7 days to determine if changes ocurred in the levels of membrane glycoproteins (GP) Ib-IX and IIb-IIIa. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (MAB) were used to estimate the number of glycoprotein molecules on the surface membrane of intact platelets. GP IX and GP IIb-IIIa levels remained essentially unaltered during storage. In contrast, the content of GP Ib at day 7 decreased by 45% of the total when fresh. The aggregation response to ristocetin, which requires GP Ib, was also diminished after 7 days. Addition of protease inhibitors, leupeptin and/or aprotinin did not appear to influence the degradation of this glycoprotein. We conclude that storage at 22°C has deleterious effects on the GP Ib content of platelets.     

Effect of oxygen aeroions on platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation in health and peritonitis

In patients with peritonitis, the biological effects of oxygen aeroions reflect the interplay between molecular and cellular effects manifesting themselves in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, increased antioxidizing potential of blood plasma, and decreased aggregating activity of platelets. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 9, pp. 283–285, September, 1997     

重组人血小板因子4的表达、纯化及活性鉴定

目的: 用基因工程手段去获取有活性的重组人血小板因子4(rhPF4),为下一步的基础理论研究和临床应用奠定基础.方法: 用PCR手段获得人PF4的编码序列,克隆入质粒pRSET,构建融合表达载体pRSET-PF4,转化大肠杆菌,以IPTG诱导表达融合的人PF4蛋白,经镍柱亲和层析纯化,用SDS-PAGE分析所表达的目的蛋白及纯化后蛋白,用鸡胚绒毛膜尿囊膜实验(CAM)验证rhPF4的活性.结果: 成功构建了表达载体pRSET-PF4,DNA序列测定结果与预期结果一致.IPTG诱导表达的rhPF4融合蛋白部分以可溶形式存在,占菌体总蛋白量的11%.亲和层析纯化后目的蛋白纯度为84%.CAM实验表明,经纯化获得的rhPF4对鸡胚血管形成具有抑制作用.结论: 成功地获得了具有高度生物学活性的rhPF4蛋白.     

Platelet 3H-imipramine binding during recovery from depression.

Decreased binding of tritiated imipramine to platelets has been considered to be a potential biological marker of depression. However, it has been unclear how binding values alter during treatment and recovery. This study investigated imipramine binding parameters and depressive symptoms in 25 patients suffering from major depression at entry to the study and 1, 3 and 6 months later. Although the initial Bmax values were significantly lower in the depressed patients than in healthy subjects, it was not possible to establish a clear relationship between recovery from depression and Bmax. The power of this study to detect an effect of at least 10% of the variance in Bmax due to factors related to recovery from depression was 0.78.     

活化血小板葡萄糖摄取及血小板膜整合素对其的影响

目的 :了解活化血小板葡萄糖摄取过程及血小板膜整合素对其影响 ,探讨整合素与血小板能量代谢的关系 ,旨在研究血小板能量代谢涉及的信号传导 ,并为目前临床应用血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa(GPⅡb/Ⅲa)单抗抗血小板活化提供新的理论依据。方法 :用液态闪烁计数方法检测在血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa单抗 10E5及血小板整合素αυβ3 单抗 6 0 9干预与否情况下凝血酶激活后血小板摄取氚标 2 脱氧葡萄糖 ([3 H]2 DG)率。结果 :在生理浓度范围内活化血小板 [3 H]2 DG摄取率较静息时明显升高 ,单抗 10E5可充分阻断活化血小板葡萄糖摄取 ,单抗 6 0 9可部分阻断。结论 :整合素家族单抗可抑制血小板激活后葡萄糖摄取 ,提示其可能参与血小板能量代谢信号传导过程 ,并可能以GPⅡb/Ⅲa为主