幽门螺杆菌疫苗免疫机制的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)是定植于人体胃粘膜的重要致病菌,而粘膜疫苗以其有效的保护性免疫成为防治H.pyiori的热点,但对相应的免疫机制的认识目前尚不明确.故本文对H.pyiori疫苗的保护性免疫机制中的抗原递呈机制,抗体的作用以及TH细胞反应的作用等研究进展做一概要介绍.     

The early phase of experimental acute renal failure

Experiments were conducted to establish whether diminished solute reabsorption in the loop of Henle during acute renal failure could explain the loss of urinary concentration and participate in generating a tubuloglomerular feedback-mediated reduction in filtration rate. The electrolyte content of the fluid in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle was determined in situ by monitoring its electrical conductivity after propulsion into the distal tubule with a sudden burst perfusion. The value of the minimum electrolyte concentration decreased exponentially with increasing equilibration time, reaching a steady-state value equivalent to 27±9 mM NaCl in normal kidneys, 34±15 mM in mercuric chloride kidneys and 53±22 mM following ischaemia. A mathematical model was derived to describe the process of sodium chloride dilution from which it was possible to calculate both the permeability and transport velocity of the cortical thick ascending limb. In the normal kidney, the transport velocity was calculated to be 4.65±0.92 ·10^–5 cm/s, a value not significantly different from that of the mercuric chloride or ischaemic kidneys, and the estimated permeability was 1.13±0.52·10^–5 cm/s, not different from that of the mercuric chloride kidneys but significantly lower than that calculated for the ischaemic kidneys. It is concluded that for the more severely damaged ischaemic model, the loss of urinary concentrating ability was accompanied by a reduction in diluting ability of the ascending limb of the short loop of Henle, which appears to be due, at least in part, to an elevation of the passive permeability to sodium chloride in this segment.     

人格特征与防御方式的相关研究

目的 :尝试用防御机制解释EPQ各维度的特征。方法 :采用EPQ人格问卷、DSQ防御方式问卷、16PF中的G量表对 2 2 0例成人进行测试。结果 :本样本中EPQ各维度与成熟防御方式均无显著相关 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,N维度和P维度均与不成熟防御方式、中间型防御方式有显著正相关 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :本研究显示 ,可以用防御机制解释EPQ各维度的某些特征。     

齿龈内阿米巴的致病作用与致病机制的研究

在注射免疫抑制剂 1周后的大白鼠龈缘涂抹齿龈内阿米巴 (Emtamoebagingivalis ,E .g .) ,5天后 ,牙龈组织出现溃疡、牙周脓肿形成、脓液查见活E .g .、牙槽骨吸收等牙周炎病症。电镜术与生化分析发现 :E .g .伪足活跃、有丰富的溶酶体 ,所含水解酶与ACP显著较健康组高 (P <0 0 1) ,可使牙周组织溶解与受损。SOD较健康组显著性低 (P <0 0 1) ,MDA显著性增高 (P <0 0 1) ,说明E .g .感染产生较多氧自由基可使细胞膜受损 ,加上口腔共生菌的协同作用使免疫力低下的宿主发生牙周炎。     

The relationship between fertility potential measurements on cryobanked semen and fecundity of sperm donors

Sperm penetration assay (SPA) scores obtained from cryobanked semen were correlated with therapeutic insemination (TI) fecundity in a group of established sperm donors, thereby evaluating the efficacy of the SPA in screening donors for sperm banking. While the SPA has been used to separate fertile from infertile males, we altered assay conditions to use frozen semen and to distinguish performance among fertile donors. Three frozen ejaculates from 11 pregnancy-proven donors were analysed. Of 905 TI cycles, 275 recipients achieved 95 pregnancies. There were no significant relationships between fecundity and donor semen, washed sperm parameters, sperm recoveries or recipient age. A significant relationship was revealed between mean SPA scores (range 8.7-66.6 penetrations/ovum) and donor fecundity (range 0.04-0.16, P < 0.03). Sperm concentration was varied in an effort to establish the most sensitive test condition. Using 0.25x10(6) motile spermatozoa/ml, a highly significant relationship was observed (P < 0.002). The four donors with the lowest SPA scores achieved the four lowest fecundities. It is concluded that a modified SPA can be used on frozen donor semen to estimate donor fertility potential. If applied routinely in donor semen banking, poor quality applicants could be excluded, thereby increasing pregnancy rates while decreasing donor screening costs.     

Effects of ultrasound,the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B,and their combination on biomembranes of yeastlikeCandida fungi

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 10, pp. 391–393, October, 1993     

驻极体促进药物透皮吸收的研究进展

近年来，经皮给药的促透方法和技术发展迅速，有关物理学、化学、药剂学的方法和技术的研究都很多。许多新方法和新技术的应用，使经皮给药系统逐渐成为一种成熟的给药方法。本文主要介绍驻极体透皮给药制剂的研究进展及其相关透皮机理。     

Micro-centrifugation of human spermatozoa: its effect on fertilization of hamster oocytes after micro-insemination spermatozoal transfer

Micro-centrifugation (MC) at 6500 r.p.m. (3352 g) has not beenused previously for spermatozoal concentration and subsequentfertilization. We investigated MC for micro-insemination spermatozoaltransfer (MIST) of human spermatozoa from normal donors intohamster oocytes. MC resulted in reduced penetration of hamsteroocytes, both after MIST [77.4% (41/53) versus 87.8% (43/49)for control; NS] and after exposure to zona-free hamster oocytes[60.8% (79/130) versus 72.7% (88/121) for control; P < 0.05].However, MIST under the zona resulted in better incorporationof sperm nuclei when compared with zona-free hamster oocytes,for spermatozoa exposed to micro-centrifugation (77.4 versus60.8%, P < 0.05) and controls (87.8 versus 72.7%, P <0.05). Polyspermy was higher after MIST [22.0% (9/41) versus13.9% (11/79); NS] for MC + , and [25.6% (11/43) versus 13.6%(12/88); NS] for MC-. We conclude that MC does have a negative,but minimal effect on the fertility of human spermatozoa withrespect to hamster oocytes.