人嗜铬细胞瘤细胞的原代培养及鉴定

本研究拟建立人嗜铬细胞瘤细胞的原代培养方法。采用连续分次胶原酶消化法分离培养人嗜铬细胞瘤细胞，采用细胞培养液中儿茶酚胺水平检测、多聚甲醛诱发荧光及细胞嗜铬粒蛋白A(CgA)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的免疫组化染色等方法进行细胞性质和功能鉴定，并用噻唑兰(MTT)法观察原代培养的人嗜铬细胞瘤细胞的生长状况。结果表明，人嗜铬细胞瘤细胞在培养3～7天时生长较快，7天后细胞开始分化。经检测细胞培养液中的儿茶酚胺浓度、多聚甲醛诱发荧光等，证明该细胞有合成和分泌儿茶酚胺的功能。并且培养的细胞CgA和NSE免疫组化染色阳性。因此，本研究成功建立了人嗜铬细胞瘤细胞的原代培养方法，并鉴定其具有嗜铬细胞瘤的分泌和表达功能，国内尚未见报告。     

Peak Identification in Visual Evoked Potentials

Waveform patterns evoked by 4 intensities of flash in normal subjects were studied in relation to intersubject variability. Time-frequency distribution curves of all peaks occurring between 11 and 280 msec after flash onset and meeting minimal criteria were obtained from 46 males. These distributions closely corresponded to similar data reported by others for single intensity stimulation. An algorithm was developed which identified in 67 to 100% of instances a single “peak event’ within the time ranges of each of 6 peak distributions. Many peak events appeared and disappeared within the 4 intensity sets of individuals. Latencies were obtained for these peak events. Application of the algorithm to a replicate sample of 29 Ss, which included 8 females, indicated generalizability. Test-retest data on 15 Ss showed its reliability. The data suggest that methodology significantly contributes to the variability of peak identification among subjects. This may be reduced by employing multiple intensities of stimulation.     

Cephalometric image analysis and measurement for orthognathic surgery

Automatic identification of landmarks in cephalometry is very important and useful for orthognathic surgery. A computerised automatic cephalometric analysis system (CACAS), based on image processing, is presented. For an original X-ray image, median filtering and histogram equalisation are used to improve image quality. The edge of an X-ray image is detected by a wavelet transform and Canny filter. Seventeen landmarks in cephalometry are successfully identified by knowledge-based edge tracing and changeable templates. Seventy-three measurements based on distances, angles and ratios between landmarks are computed automatically. The reliability of the landmarks and the validity of the measurements are compared for automatic and manual operation. The values of measurements obtained by CACAS are more precise and reliable: the mean error for linear measurements is less than 0.9 mm; the mean error for angular measurements is less than 1.2°. The rate of validity is over 80%, even if the image quality is poor. For an image with a high signal-to-noise ratio, the rate of validity of landmarking and measurements using the CACAS system is over 90%.     

Extraction of organic acids by ion-pair extraction with tri-n-octylamine - VIII. Identification of synthetic dyes in pharmaceutical preparations

Synthetic dyes were extracted from syrups, oral suspensions, tablets, gelatin capsules, suppositories and granules by ion-pair formation with tri-n-octylamine (TnOA) and back-extracted with perchlorate ions. Identification was performed by TLC on cellulose layers and by reversed phase ion-pair HPLC.     

Model identification and estimation of organ-function parameters using radioactive tracers and the impulse-response function

Examination of the input-output events in functioning organs by the use of the impulse-response function (IRF) for a radioactive tracer is gaining more and more ground in nuclear medicine. This study summarizes the development of deconvolution analysis, laying special stress on the model-free approach. System linearity and time invariance are discussed, and means of eliminating noise in IRFs originating from the input and organ-time-activity curves are outlined. Typical IRFs are illustrated by flow diagrams, time-domain curves, and their representation by Laplace transforms. The cases of nondiffusible and diffusible tracers as well as parenchymally extracted and transported substances are discussed. Methods for the derivation of models and for the calculation of physiologically important parameters from theIRFs are suggested.At present, a guest scientist at the Institute for Medicine, Nuclear Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Federal Republic of Germany     

2018—2020年徐州市食源性疾病监测分析

目的 分析徐州市2018—2020年食源性疾病哨点医院主动监测结果,了解该地区食源性疾病流行特征。方法 收集2018—2020年徐州市食源性疾病哨点医院监测的病例信息,并对部分病例的粪便样本进行病原学检测。结果 3年共监测食源性疾病病例7 548例,其中25～45岁年龄组占比最高(26.81%);6—9月为发病高峰;肉与肉制品(20.72%)为主要的可疑暴露食品;可疑食物进食场所主要为家庭(80.49%);农民(26.75%)和散居儿童(24.95%)病例构成比较高。共采集1 835份腹泻病例粪便样本,其中诺如病毒检出率最高为(4.69%)。结论 徐州市食源性疾病高发期为6—9月,具有明显的季节性,好发于家庭,肉与肉制品为主要暴露食品,感染患者集中在>25～45岁年龄组,诺如病毒感染率较高。     

基于转录组数据的半夏AP2/ERF基因家族鉴定及逆境响应分析

目的：鉴定并研究半夏AP2/ERF转录因子的功能,为推进半夏品种的遗传改良提供理论依据。方法：该文基于半夏三代转录组数据鉴定了半夏中AP2/ERF家族成员,并对其进行系统的生物信息学分析,同时利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（Real-time PCR）检测半夏AP2/ERF在不同组织及不同胁迫条件下的表达情况。结果：通过转录组数据共筛选出8个全长AP2/ERF转录因子家族成员,归为AP2、ERF和DREB 3个亚家族;半夏AP2/ERF的氨基酸数目为251～512个,等电点为5.29～11.72,不稳定指数为45.90～82.41,且主要定位于细胞核中;半夏AP2/ERF基因的结构域和Motifs相对保守。组织特异性表达模式分析显示,半夏AP2/ERF基因在不同组织部位中具有不同的表达模式,且主要在叶中表达。逆境胁迫应答分析表明,PtERF1主要响应NaCl的胁迫诱导;PtERF2和PtERF4在低温和聚乙二醇（PEG）胁迫下表达量均有较大幅度的上调;PtERF3同时响应低温和NaCl两种逆境的诱导;PtERF5同时响应高温、低温、NaCl、PEG胁迫诱导;PtERF7在高温胁迫下表达...     

电子鼻技术应用于白及及其近似饮片快速辨识的可行性分析

目的：探讨电子鼻技术应用于白及及其近似饮片快速辨识的可行性。方法：收集134批白及及其近似饮片（白及45批、天麻30批、玉竹30批、黄花白及29批）作为待测样品,使用PEN3型电子鼻采集样品嗅觉感官数据作为自变量X,基于2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》和地方标准的鉴别结果,以及各饮片高效液相色谱法（HPLC）指纹图谱和原始采购信息,获得辨识模型的标杆数据Y,分别采用主成分分析-判别分析（PCA-DA）、偏最小二乘法-判别分析（PLS-DA）、最小二乘法-支持向量机（LS-SVM）及K-最近邻（KNN）4种化学计量学方法建立45批白及与89批非白及的二分类辨识模型和上述4种饮片的四分类辨识模型Y=F(X)。结果：经留一法交互验证,在二分类辨识中,上述4种模型分类正判率分别为97.01%、97.01%、98.51%和97.01%;在四分类辨识中,这4种模型分类正判率分别为97.76%、89.55%、98.51%和97.01%。二分类和四分类辨识模型的最高正判率均可达到98.51%,且均以LS-SVM算法为最优,最优核函数分别选择径向基核函数和线性核函数。最优模型判别结果良好,没有未分类样...     

全国细菌耐药监测网2014—2019年尿标本细菌耐药监测报告

目的探讨全国尿标本分离细菌菌种分布及耐药变迁。方法按照全国细菌耐药监测网(CARSS)技术方案,应用WHONET5.6软件对2014—2019年所有CARSS成员单位上报的尿标本分离细菌及药敏结果数据进行分析。结果男性患者尿标本分离细菌居前5位者分别为大肠埃希菌(33.1%~34.6%)、粪肠球菌(9.2%~10.2%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(9.0%~9.4%)、屎肠球菌(7.8%~10.2%)和铜绿假单胞菌(5.6%~6.9%),女性患者尿标本分离细菌居前5位者分别为大肠埃希菌(57.0%~57.4%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(7.5%~8.3%)、屎肠球菌(6.8%~8.7%)、粪肠球菌(5.5%~6.0%)和奇异变形杆菌(3.3%~3.5%)。男性和女性患者尿标本分离粪肠球菌对氨苄西林和呋喃妥因耐药率分别<12%和7%,对万古霉素耐药率<3%;屎肠球菌对氨苄西林、左氧氟沙星耐药率均为90%左右,对万古霉素耐药率<4%。大肠埃希菌对头孢曲松耐药率>47%,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、呋喃妥因耐药率≤8%,对于β-内酰胺类耐药率男性比女性高,其中头孢曲松的耐药率高12个百分点左右。男性患者分离肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢曲松耐药率为58%左右,女性患者耐药率为45%左右。男性和女性患者尿标本分离铜绿假单胞菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的耐药率均<14%,对碳青霉烯类耐药率为15%左右。鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和米诺环素耐药率分别<27%和22%,对碳青霉烯类耐药率,男性为31.7%~47.7%,女性为26.5%~41.2%。结论尿标本分离细菌在不同性别构成上有所不同,且部分肠杆菌目细菌耐药率不同性别间也有一定差异,不同年度间部分细菌的耐药率也有一定变化。尿标本分离细菌的耐药监测,可为尿路感染抗菌药物合理应用提供参考数据。     

Self-Reported Frailty Screening Tools: Comparing Construct Validity of the Frailty Phenotype Questionnaire and FRAIL

ObjectivesWe examined the construct validity of 2 self-reported frailty questionnaires, the Frailty Phenotype Questionnaire (FPQ) and FRAIL, against the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty phenotype (CHS-FP).DesignCross-sectional data analysis of longitudinal prospective cohort study.Settings and ParticipantsWe included data from 230 older adults (mean age: 67.2 ± 7.4 years) from the “Longitudinal Assessment of Biomarkers for characterization of early Sarcopenia and Osteosarcopenic Obesity in predicting frailty and functional decline in community-dwelling Asian older adults Study” (GeriLABS 2) recruited between December 2017 and March 2019.MethodsWe compared area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), agreement, correlation, and predictive validity against outcome measures [Short Physical Performance Battery, 5 times repeat chair stand (RCS-5), Frenchay activities index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, life-space assessment, Social Functioning Scale 8 (SFS-8), EuroQol-5 dimensions (utility value)] using logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, and vascular risk factors. We examined concurrent validity across robust versus prefrail/frail for inflammatory blood biomarkers [tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and C-reactive protein (CRP)] and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry body composition [bone mineral density (BMD); appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and fat mass index (FMI)].ResultsPrevalence of prefrail/frail was 25.7%, 14.8%, and 48.3% for FPQ, FRAIL, and CHS-FP, respectively. Compared with FRAIL, FPQ had better diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.617 vs 0.531, P = .002; sensitivity = 37.8% vs 18.0%; specificity = 85.6% vs 88.2%) and agreement (AC1-Stat = 0.303 vs 0.197). FPQ showed good predictive validity [RCS-5: odds ratio (OR) 2.38; 95% CI: 1.17–4.86; International Physical Activity Questionnaire: OR 3.62; 95% CI:1.78–7.34; SFS-8: OR 2.11; 95% CI: 1.64–5.89 vs FRAIL: all P > .05]. Only FRAIL showed concurrent validity for CRP, compared with both FPQ and FRAIL for TNF-R1. FRAIL showed better concurrent validity for BMD, FMI, and possibly ALMI, unlike FPQ (all P > .05).Conclusions and ImplicationsOur results support complementary validity of FPQ and FRAIL in independent community-dwelling older adults. FPQ has increased case detection sensitivity with good predictive validity, whereas FRAIL demonstrates concurrent validity for inflammation and body composition. With better diagnostic performance and validity for blood biomarkers and clinical outcomes, FPQ has utility for early frailty detection in the community setting.