Upper gastrointestinal burns by peroxyacetic acid in children- a review of seven cases

Objective： To study the clinical features of upper gastrointestinal burns by peroxyacetic acid （PA） in children and improve its treatment and outcome. Methods： The clinical materials of 7 cases with upper gastrointestinal burns by PA including clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes were reviewed. Results： There were six boys and one girl. The concentration of the swallowed PA was from 10% to 20% and the amount was 3-10 ml. The mainly bums were located in esophagus in one case, stomach in three cases, both esophagus and stomach in three cases. The gastrostomy and operation of dilating esophagus were performed in the cases with esophageal stricture. The pyloroplasty or gastroduodenostomy was performed in the cases with pyloric obstruction. All the cases were followed up for 12-18 months, dysfunction of esophagus or（and） cardia as well as stiffness and hypodynamia of the stomach was showed in most of the patients. Conclusion： The degree of upper gastrointestinal burns by PA varied according to different concentrations of PA which was swallowed. Correct emergent measures in the acute stage of the burns was very important, gastric tube should be inserted and go through esophagus and pylorus and must be retained for 5-8 weeks to prevent the stricture of esophagus and pylortts, otherwise the tube could act as a passage of nutriment. Prophylaxis of upper gastrointestinal bums by PA is very important because the treatment of the burns is difficulty and the outcomes are not always satisfactory.     

Effect of L-ascorbic add supplementation on testicular oxidative stress and endocrine disorders in mature male rats exposed to intensive swimming exercise

In order to investigate the ameliorative potential of L-ascorbic acid on intensive swimming exercise induced testicular oxidative stress, 18 Wistar male rats (age: 3 months, weight: 127.5 ± 5.3 g) were randomly divided into the following groups: (i) control group (CG,n = 6); (ii) experimental group (EG,n = 6); and (iii) supplemented group (SG,n = 6). An exercise protocol of 3 h swimming per day, five days per week was followed for 6 weeks in EG and SG with no exercise in CG. In SG, L-ascorbic acid was supplied orally at a dose of 25-mg/kg of bodyweight each day for 6 weeks. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) was noted in paired testicular weights, epididymal sperm count, testicular Δ⁵, 3β-hydroxyseroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxyseroid dehydrogenase, plasma levels of testosterone luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, the numbers of preleptotine spermatocytes, midpachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids of stage VII seminiferous epithelium cycle in EG when compared with CG. A significant elevation (P < 0.05) in plasma corticosterone and testicular content of malondialdehyde along with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in glutathione, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase were noted in testes of EG compared with CG. No significant change was noted in final bodyweight or numbers of spermatogonia-A among the groups. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid supplementation restored the above parameters to the control level. Conclusion  It can be concluded that intensive swimming exercise induced oxidative stress causes dysfunctions in the male reproductive system, which can be protected by L-ascorbic acid.     

卡介苗多糖核酸与减毒活卡介苗治疗哮喘患儿疗效比较及治疗前后细胞因子的变化

目的探讨卡介苗多糖核酸（BCG-PSN）与减毒活卡介苗治疗儿童哮喘临床疗效及其对哮喘患儿TH1／TF12调节的差异。方法急性发作期哮喘患儿60例随机分A、B、C3组，每组20例。A组予全球哮喘防治创议（GINA方案）＋BCG-PSN0．5mg／次，肌注，1次偶日，共36次；B组予GINA方案＋减毒活卡介苗0．1mL，皮内注射，仅1次；C组单纯GINA方案治疗。酶联法检测治疗前后血清IgE及外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）诱生的IL-4、IL-5及IFN-γ。结果1．疗效：A组优于B组，B组优于C组（P均〈0．05）。2．治疗组治疗后IFN-γ均高于治疗前，IL-4、IL-5、IgE均低于治疗前。对于调整IL-5，A组优于B组和C组（P〈0．05，0．01）；对于上调IFN-γ及下调IL-4、IgE，A与B组比较无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论1．BCG—PSN的疗效优于减毒活卡介苗。2．减毒活卡介苗一次性小剂量接种对哮喘儿IL-4、IFN-γ、IgE失衡的调节与BCG-PSN多次肌注效果相当，对IL-5失衡的调节不及BCG—PSN。     

血清总胆汁酸、胆碱酯酶在婴儿肝病诊治中的意义

目的探讨血清总胆汁酸(TBA)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)在婴儿肝病中的意义。方法婴儿肝病60例分别为母乳性黄疸、巨细胞病毒(CMV)性肝炎及先天性胆道畸形患儿,选择20例正常婴儿作为对照组;检测血清TBA、CHE水平。并对CMV性肝炎患儿急性期和恢复期进行自身对照比较。结果正常对照组、母乳性黄疸、巨细胞病毒性肝炎及先天性胆道畸形各组TBA分别为(6.47±3.25)、(8.71±1.79)、(45.86±40.85)(、119.50±31.73)μmol/L;CHE分别为(11295.50±1731.91)、(10762.89±1237.30)、(9771.32±860.27)(、7967.304±31.58)U/L。其中CMV性肝炎及先天性胆道畸形两组TBA、CHE在与各组两两比较中均有显著性差异(P均<0.01),先天性胆道畸形组改变最明显;CMV性肝炎急性期和恢复期TBA比较有明显差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),淤胆型患儿CHE恢复期明显升高(P<0.05)。结论在婴儿肝病诊治中,检测TBA、CHE有助于及早对病因、病情、预后作出判断和估计。     

油酸-内毒素序贯致新生大鼠急性肺损伤IL-18水平的变化

目的:探讨油酸-内毒素序贯致伤新生大鼠的IL-18水平,在急性肺损伤中的作用。方法:采用油酸加内毒素脂多糖腹腔注射新生大鼠致肺损伤模型,在油酸致伤后4h实施内毒素第2次致伤,收集血浆检测IL-18水平,同时设立单剂量内毒素致伤组和生理盐水为对照组,每组12只。结果:油酸-内毒素致伤新生大鼠血浆IL-18水平均显著高于单剂量内毒素致伤组和生理盐水对照组(P<0.01)。结论:油酸-内毒素组IL-18水平显著高于单剂量内毒素致伤组和生理盐水对照组,提示致炎因子IL-18可能在急性肺损伤的发生和发展中起重要的作用。     

无症状高尿酸血症男性患者的心电图分析

目的：研究无症状高尿酸血症患者的心电图异常情况，以了解血尿酸与心血管疾病是否有关联。方法：对172名无症状高尿酸血症男性患者进行12导联的心电图检查，所获得资料以SPSS10．0软件包吉行X检验分析。结果：病例组心电图异常率较对照组高，并有显著差异性，病例组的心电图异常多见心肌缺血表现，并与对照组有显著差异性。结论：显示高尿酸对心脏存在一定的损害，与心肌缺血存在一定相关性。需要进一一步研究。     

熊果酸体外抗胃癌细胞SGC7901机制的研究

目的探讨熊果酸(urso lic ac id,UA)体外抑制胃癌细胞SGC 7901生长的作用机制。方法体外培养人胃癌细胞株SGC 7901,M TT法观察不同浓度UA作用不同时间对细胞生长的影响;不同浓度UA(0~40μm o l/L)处理SGC 7901细胞24 h后,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化;荧光染料Hoechst 33258染色和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况;W estern B lotting法检测凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2和B ax的表达。结果20~40μm o l/L UA可抑制SGC 7901的生长,并呈浓度和时间依赖性,其作用12、24、36、48 h的IC50分别为(57.50±1.18)、(34.28±2.05)、(27.54±1.11)、(24.83±1.02)μm o l/L。20~40μm o l/L UA作用24 h后,SGC 7901细胞变圆,出现不同程度的漂浮;同时细胞被阻滞于G0/G1期并发生凋亡,随药物浓度升高,凋亡率增加,凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2表达减少,B ax无明显变化。结论熊果酸对SGC 7901细胞具有较强的抗肿瘤活性,其机制可能与细胞毒作用、增殖抑制作用以及下调凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2表达而促进凋亡有关。     

单不饱和脂肪酸对心血管的保护作用

单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)是脂肪酸的一种,其碳链上只有一个双键。研究发现MUFA能够正向调节血脂代谢,降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)的氧化敏感性,保护血管内皮和降低血液高凝状态。本文将从以上几个方面介绍MUFA对心血管的保护作用。     

10502例体检者血糖、血脂和尿酸的检测

目的:了解成人各年龄段空腹血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸水平。方法:用酶法检测体检者空腹血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、血尿酸(UA)水平,用电极法检测GLU水平。结果:各年龄组血糖结果、空腹血糖受损率和糖尿病阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。50岁以前,TC和TG结果随年龄增加有所增高(P<0.05),50岁以后,维持相对稳定水平(P>0.05),高胆固醇阳性率在50岁前随年龄增加(P<0.01),50岁后变化不大(P>0.05),高甘油三酯阳性率在40岁前随年龄增加(P<0.01),40岁后除60~岁组发病最高,与各年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)外,其它3个年龄组阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。尿酸浓度及高尿酸血症阳性率均是70岁以上组最高(为374.743±88.831μmol/L、28.3%),与其它各组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),男性30~49岁年龄段的尿酸结果(376.208±68.818μmol/L)虽较≥70岁组(387.638±87.838μmol/L)低,但却明显高于其于各年龄组(P<0.05)。总体男、女之间各项结果、糖尿病阳性率、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯、高尿酸血症阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而空腹血糖受损率的差异却无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:随年龄增长,空腹血糖受损、糖尿病、高脂血症发病率增加;30~49岁年龄段的男性尿酸结果呈现高水平状态;中、壮年的男性和绝经前后的女性是高脂血症和高尿酸血症的易发人群。     

4项生化指标水平与冠心病关系的研究

目的：本文观察冠心病患者血清总胆红素、尿酸、血脂及纤维蛋白原水平并探讨4者之间的关系.方法：应用全自动生化分析仪及全自动血凝分析仪检测128例冠心病患者及80例正常人血清中胆红素、尿酸、血脂及血浆中的纤维蛋白原.结果：冠心病组尿酸、血脂、血浆纤维蛋白原显著升高,而总胆红素显著降低.血清总胆红素与血尿酸、血脂及纤维蛋白原存在显著负相关r=-0.648,-0.546,-0.526,（P＜0.05）.血尿酸、血脂及纤维蛋白原未发现显著相关（P＞0.05）.结论：胆红素、尿酸、血脂、及血浆纤维蛋白原能互相影响,参与冠心病的发病与发展.胆红素的异常可能具有更重要的意义.为我们进一步研究冠心病的防治提供了有益思路.