羟基磷灰石义眼台作为药物缓释载体减轻术后反应的临床观察

目的评价羟基磷灰石（HA）义眼台作为药物缓释载体减轻眼球摘除义眼台植入术后反应的效果。方法植入HA义眼台前，用地塞米松5mg，庆大霉素8万u，透明质酸酶1500U混合液浸泡HA义眼台15—20min后植入，手术步骤按常规。结果观察术后1周反应情况，52例中51例（98．07％）无疼痛或仅有轻度疼痛；44例（84．62％）结膜无水肿；36例（69．23％）无恶心；16例（30．77％）轻中度恶心；48例（92．31％）无呕吐。与对照组（43例）比较，术后疼痛、结膜水肿、恶心呕吐均较轻，其差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论HA义眼台作为药物缓释载体植入眼球肌膜囊内能有效地控制术后反应，减轻患者痛苦。     

接枝环氧树脂水分散液的合成、分离与表征

控制不同的反应条件,采用甲基丙烯酸、苯乙烯与环氧树脂在丙二醇丁醚/正丁醇溶剂中接枝共聚,合成了粒径在87～104nm范围的环氧树脂水分散液。通过环己烷/乙醇和丙酮两步萃取,对接枝共聚产物进行分离,用FTIR表征,并估算了接枝共聚物的组成。实验结果表明,所制备的粒径为纳米级的环氧树脂水分散液,具有良好的机械稳定性、冻融稳定性及贮存稳定性。ξ电位测定表明,产物在pH>8的条件下更为稳定。     

以胆酸为载体的肝靶向疗法

通过肝靶向给药技术将化学治疗药物选择性地投放于肝脏,能够减轻或避免其全身的毒副作用.胆酸是唯一的口服有效的小分子肝靶向载体,以胆酸为载体的肝靶向疗法为肝病及肝脏代谢性疾病提供了新的疗法.如胆酸-一氧化氮供体靶向偶合物能够选择性地将一氧化氮投放于肝脏,产生治疗肝硬化的作用;胆酸-脂肪酸靶向偶合物能够选择性地调节肝脏的脂代谢,具有治疗胆结石、脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化的作用;胆酸-米非司酮偶合物能够选择性地作用于肝脏,产生特异性的降糖作用,而没有全身副作用.     

The hyperpolarisation-activated current,I f,is not required for pacemaking in single cells from the rabbit atrioventricular node

Using electrophysiological and radiotracer studies in parallel, we have investigated the characteristics of the endogenous Na⁺-dependent amino acid transporter (system B^0,+) in Xenopus oocytes with regard to ion dependence, voltage dependence and transport stoichiometry. In voltage-clamped oocytes (–60 mV) superfusion with saturating concentrations of amino acids (1 mM) in 100 mM NaCl resulted in reversible, inward currents (mean±SEM): alanine, 1.83±0.09 nA (n=21); arginine, 2.54±0.18 nA (n=17); glutamine, 1.73±0.10 nA (n=19). Only arginine evoked a current in choline medium (0.50±0.13 nA, n=10), whereas Cl^– replacement had no effect on evoked currents. The glutamine-evoked current was saturable (I _max=1.73 nA, glutamine K _m=0.12 mM) and linearly dependent upon voltage between –90 and –30 mV. Using direct and indirect (activation) methods, we found that transport can proceed with Na⁺/amino acid coupling stoichiometry of either 11 or 21, but coupling was the same for each amino acid tested (alanine, arginine and glutamine) within a batch of oocytes (i.e. from a single toad). Despite the net single positive charge on arginine, the magnitude of the net transmembrane charge movement during Na⁺-coupled arginine transport was identical to that for the zwitterionic neutral amino acids glutamine and alanine; this may be explained by a concomitant stimulation of K⁺ efflux during arginine transport with a putative coupling of 1 K⁺1 arginine.     

抗骨肉瘤药物纳米载体的研究进展

骨肉痛是最常见的恶性骨肿瘤,病死率较高。而生物医用纳米材料是纳米材料和生物材料交叉的一个全新领域,在生物医学上有着十分诱人的、广泛的应用前景。本文对纳米无机生物材料、纳米高分子生物材料、纳米复合生物材料作为抗骨肉瘤药物载体的研究进展作了较全面的综述。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体的研究进展

目的 利用溶胶凝胶法制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体的方法进行研究。方法综述了溶胶凝胶法的基本原理和分类，介绍了制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体采用的溶胶-凝胶方法，提出了相关待解决的问题。结果溶胶-凝胶法的研究已取得一定的进展。结论利用该方法有望制备出形状可控、粒度均匀的纳米羟基磷灰石粉体。     

125I-白蛋白-黄芪多糖毫微粒在小鼠体内分布的研究

用乳液固化方法制备了１２５Ｉ－牛血清白蛋白－黄芪多糖毫微粒,透射电子显微镜测得粒径为（１６８±６２）ｎｍ,小鼠口服毫微粒（１４８×１０８Ｂｑ／只）后,主要分布在肝、脾、肺中,而心、脑组织中有少量分布。微观放射自显影实验结果表明,毫微粒分布在肝脏的Ｋｕｆｅｒｓ细胞和肝实质细胞中,以及在肺和脾脏的吞噬细胞中。实验数据用３Ｐ８７程序处理,按血管外给药开放二室模型计算得代谢动力参数,Ｔｍａｘ为２．１１ｈ,Ｃｍａｘ为２．４３×１０７Ｂｑ,ｔ１／２为９．３３ｈ,曲线下面积为３．７×１０９Ｂｑ。     

Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo

Previous results in experimental systems have suggested that hydroxylated PCBs may decrease thyroid hormone levels through associative interaction with transthyretin. In the present paper it was investigated whether this property was also shared by various industrial chemicals, mainly pesticides. In total, 65 compounds from 12 chemical groups were analyzed for direct interference with the T4 binding site of transthyretin using a competitive binding assay. Sixty per cent of the compounds were competitive at a concentration level of 100 M. Relatively strong interactions were observed by several chlorophenols, chlorophenoxy acids and nitrophenols, as well as by individual compounds such as hexachlorobenzene, dicofol, bromoxynil and tetrachlorohydroquinone. Examples from these chemical groups, e.g. pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid, dinoseb and bromoxynil, also reduced plasma TT4 levels in rats. In addition, bromoxynil decreased plasma TT3 levels. The results suggest the existence of a number of halogenated industrial chemicals with a potential for lowering plasma thyroid hormone levels through interference with hormone transport carriers.     

纳米科学技术及其在生物医学中的应用

简要综述了纳米科学技术的内容和在生物医学领域中的应用进展。     

HBV基因型与慢性乙型肝炎疾病谱的关系

目的　探讨乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)基因型与慢性乙型肝炎疾病谱相关性。方法　用S基因聚合酶链式反应 -限制片段长度多态性 (PCR -RFLP)的基因型分型方法对广东地区HBV感染者中无症状携带者 (AsC)组 80例和肝硬化组 (LC) 12 0例血清标本分型 ,比较两组基因型分布的异同。结果　基因型在AsC组分布 :B型 45 0 % ( 3 7/ 80 ) ;C型 3 3 75 % ( 2 6/ 80 ) ;D基因型 2 1 2 5 % ( 17/80 ) ;LC组HBV基因型分布B型 3 2 5 % ( 3 9/ 12 0 ) ;C型 65 8% ( 79/ 12 0 ) ;D基因型 1 6% ( 2 / 12 0 )。广州地区未发现A、E和F基因型 ,基因型在两组中的分布均与e抗原状态无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;ASC与LC组两组间基因型的分布有显著性差异 ( χ2 =3 1 92 4,P=0 0 0 0 )。结论　可初步认为广东地区HBV感染者以B和C型为优势基因型 ,AsC组中以B型为优势基因型 ,感染HBVD基因型病情轻 ,感染HBVC基因型病情更易于加重。