论神经在腧穴针感形成中作用

腧穴针感在针刺防治疾病过程中发挥着重要作用。本文从针刺作用的感受器,腧穴针感的外周传入神经,以及针感与中枢神经的关系,诸方面,列举大量实验结果和理论,阐明针感形成的物质基础是神经系统。     

Bilateral organized chronic subdural haematomas: High field magnetic resonance images and histological considerations

Summary The authors describe a 66-year-old man with progressive gait disturbance caused by bilateral organized chronic subdural haematomas. The characteristics of these lesions on magnetic resonance (MR) images have not yet been clarified. The organized haematoma in our patient exhibited slight hypo-intensity on T 1-weighted MR images and marked hypo-intensity on T 2-weighted MR images obtained at 1.5 T. Preoperative MR imaging may give us useful information about surgical strategy in the case of chronic subdural haematoma with an unusual appearance on computed tomographic (CT) scans.     

润滑油抗泡机理的研究 Ⅱ.助泡剂对泡沫倾向的影响及抗泡剂配伍性能

考察了各类添加剂在不同浓度、温度及不同基础油中的泡沫倾向,并测定了这些条件下体系的表面张力。从表面化学角度解释了添加剂对泡沫性质的影响,并通过对抗泡剂配伍性能的研究,验证了消泡机制:抗泡剂须具备高的表面活性才能吸附于泡膜表面,降低泡膜的表面粘弹性,改变膜的流变性能,从而起消泡作用。     

白色念珠菌感染的分子生物学诊断研究进展

综述了白色念珠菌感染的分子生物学诊断研究进展，包括核型分析，限制性片段长度多态性分析，特异的ＤＮＡ探针及ＰＣＲ等方法。     

东方人苯丙酮尿症的分子遗传学—苯丙氨酸羟化酶基因中一终止突变与单体型4的连锁不平衡性

应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法扩增苯丙氨酸羟化酶(PAH)基因的每个外显子及其侧翼的内含子,并克隆到M 13载体中进行序列分析。发现中国人苯丙酮尿症(Phenylketonuria,PKU)患者的PAH基因外显子3中有1个Arg~(111)→Ter~(111)的点突变,此突变与东方人最常见的突变单体型4呈连锁不平衡。此突变占中国人PAH等位基因的10％左右,但不存在于高加索人群中,表明在种族分化过程中PAH基因位点发生了互不相关的突变事件。     

Toll样受体2胞外域及其氨基端和羧基端片段的克隆与序列分析

目的：为研究TLR2胞外域在肽聚糖诱导的信号转导中的功能，构建TLR2胞外域及其氨基端和羧基端片段真核表达载体。方法：提取HL－60细胞总RNA，以RT－PCR方法获取了TLR2胞外域cDNA片段，将其与pGEM-T Easy载体连接，转化E.coli JM109,建立了TLR2胞外域的cDNA克隆；籍此，又相继克隆了胞外域的氨基端和羧基端片段，然后将这三个片段克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3中。结果：序列分析表明，与GenBank中的人TLR2全长cDNA序列比较，仅4个碱基不同，同源性为0．998。结论：成功获得了HL－60细胞TLR2胞外域及其氨基端和羧基端片段的克隆。     

Analysis of a decreased Na+ conductance by tumor necrosis factor in identified neurons of Aplysia kurodai.

The ionic mechanisms of the effect of extracellularly ejected recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on the membrane of identified neurons R9 and R10 of Aplysia kurodai was investigated with conventional voltage-clamp, micropressure ejection, and ion substitution techniques. Micropressure-ejected rhTNF caused a marked hyperpolarization in the unclamped neuron. Clamping the same neuron at it resting potential level (-60 mV) and reejecting rhTNF-alpha with the same dose produced a slow outward current [Io (TNF)] associated with a decrease in input membrane conductance. Io (TNF) was decreased by depolarization and increased by hyperpolarization. The extrapolated reversal potential of Io (TNF) was approximately +10 mV. Ion substitution and pharmacological experiments suggest that Io (TNF) in identified neurons R9 and R10 of A. kurodai is due to a decreased Na+ conductance but not due to an activation of the Na(+)-K+ pump. Our results demonstrate that the immunomodulator TNF can act directly on the nervous system as well as on the immune system.     

The phylogeny of howler monkeys (Alouatta, Platyrrhini): Reconstruction by multicolor cross-species chromosome painting

We performed multidirectional chromosome painting in a comparative cytogenetic study of the three howler monkey species Alouatta fusca, A. caraya and A. seniculus macconnelli (Atelinae, Platyrrhini) in order to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within this genus. Comparative genome maps between these species were established by multicolor fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) employing human, Saguinus oedipus and Lagothrix lagothricha chromosome-specific probes. The three species included in this study and previously analyzed howler monkey species were subjected to a phylogenetic analysis on the basis of a data matrix comprised of 98 discrete molecular cytogenetic characters. The results revealed that howler monkeys represent the genus with the most extensive karyotype diversity within Platyrrhini so far analyzed with high levels of intraspecific chromosomal variability. Two different multiple sex chromosome systems were identified. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that Alouatta is a monophyletic clade which can be derived from a proposed ancestral Atelinae karyotype of 2n=62 chromosomes by a chromosome fusion, a fission, a Y-autosomal translocation and a pericentric inversion. Following these suggestions, the genus Alouatta can be divided into two distinct species groups: the first includes A. caraya and A. belzebul, the second A. s. macconnelli, A. sara, A. s. arctoidea and A. fusca.     

镉对大鼠肾脏和睾丸毒性的比较

大鼠饮水中给镉12wk后,检测了尿低分子蛋白(LMWP)排出量。尿碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性,血清睾酮水平,睾丸乳酸脱氢酶同功酶(LDH-X)活性,精子计数和形态,雄鼠生育力,肾,睾丸和附睾组织镉含量,并在光镜和电镜下观察上述组织的病理变化,从生化,形态和功能改变三方面比较了大鼠肾脏和睾丸对镉的敏感性,发现尿LMWP和ALP仅在高剂量组显著增加,而血清睾酮和睾丸LDH-X在中剂量纽和低剂量纽已明显降低,说明镉对睾丸的有害作用可出现在肾脏之前。     

精神分裂症患者心理防御机制与人格特征的相关性分析

目的　探讨精神分裂症患者心理防御方式和人格特片的特点及二者的相关性。方法　分别运用防御方式问卷 (DSQ)和艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)对 10 1名精神分裂症患者和 30例正常人群进行防御方式评定和人格测定。结果　与正常对照组相比 ,精神分裂症患者更多采用不成熟和中间型防御方式 (P <0 0 5 )。防御方式与人格特征存在着一定的关联性 (P <0 0 5 )。不成熟型防御方式和中间型防御机制与EPQ的精神质 (P)得分和神经质 (N)得分呈显著正相关 (P <0 0 1) ,成熟防御机制与内外向(E)得分呈显著正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　精神分裂症患者更多地使用不成熟防御机制 ,存在病态人格 ,且者之间存在明显相关性 ,有关结果 ,对于探讨精神分裂症患者的病理心理机制和开展心理治疗有指导意义。