Evaluation of renal first pass blood flow with a functional image technique in hypertensive patients

The renal circulation of patients with essential hypertension and renovascular hypertension was evaluated using ^99mTc-DTPA. The first renal peak count (the first C_max; FC_max), time phase distribution (the first T_max; FT_max), and blood velocity (the FC_max/FT_max) were calculated by digital imaging. This yields a visual image of the renal circulation. We consider that the increase in the renal first pass blood flow in patients with essential hypertension is best observed pixel by pixel. The FC_max and FC_max/FT_max images before and after treatment by percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty in patients with renovascular hypertension clearly show its therapeutic effect. The FI technique, therefore, has the advantage that it can be performed at the same time as the conventional routine examinations of renal function. This makes it very useful clinically.     

肺部三种疾病模糊数学鉴别诊断的探讨

本文对肺部三种疾病１５３６例患者的病历资料，按病种作了统计归类。运用模糊数学原理建立了征候一疾病间的模糊关系矩阵，用参量加权模糊综合评判模型，对肺部三种疾病鉴别诊断的符合率达８２．９１％以上，因此认为文中建立的模型，对肺部三种疾病鉴别诊断具有参考价值。     

微机矩阵算法程序在屈光学计算中的应用

本文介绍了一种应用微机BASIC语言的屈光学矩阵算法程序,可方便、迅速地解决许多眼科屈光学计算问题,如共轴球面折射系统、共轴球面反射、折射系统、球、柱镜偏心棱镜效应计算和散光柱镜系统的斜交球、柱镜组合计算等等。     

癌胚抗原及粘液组织化学在胃癌中表达的研究

对60例胃癌进行了粘液组织化学和癌胚抗原免疫组织化学研究。结果表明:胃癌发病率肠型和胃肠混合型占多数。60例胃癌中含大肠型粘液者占50例,而单纯含胃型粘液为极少数。癌胚抗原分布方式,肠型胃癌与胃肠混合型胃癌比较无显著差异性(P>0.05)。癌胚抗原的阳性率,胃肠混合型胃癌高于肠型胃癌,两者之间有非常显著差别(P<0.01)。认为选用能显示硫粘蛋白和氧乙酰基唾液酸粘蛋白的粘液组织化学方法,作为胃癌组织分型和确定胃粘膜肠化性质,对癌前病变诊断有一定价值。     

测定血液脱氧核糖核酸方法的探讨

本文探讨６种测定ＤＮＡ的方法。以吲哚反应一醋酸异成酯抽提的方法最好，比较稳定而灵敏，一般实验室条件就可进行，测定仅需０．１ｍｌ血液。     

ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION AND SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION METHOD FOR LARGE COLORECTAL TUMORS

The goal of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is to allow the endoscopist to obtain tissue or resect lesions not previously amenable to standard biopsy or excisional techniques and to remove malignant lesions without open surgery. In this article, we describe the results of conventional EMR and EMR using an insulation‐tipped (IT) electrosurgical knife (submucosal dissection method) for large colorectal mucosal neoplasms and discuss the problems and future prospects of these procedures. At present, conventional EMR is much more feasible than EMR using IT‐knife from the perspectives of time, money, complication, and organ preservation. However, larger lesions tend to be resected in a piecemeal fashion; and it is difficult to confirm whether EMR has been complete. For accurate histopathological assessment of the resected specimen en bloc EMR is desirable although further experience is needed to establish its safety and efficacy. Further improvements of in EMR with special knife techniques are required to simply and safely remove large colorectal neoplasms.     

STANDARD IMAGING TECHNIQUES OF ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND‐GUIDED FINE‐NEEDLE ASPIRATION USING A CURVED LINEAR ARRAY ECHOENDOSCOPE

Standard imaging techniques using a curved linear array echoendocope are summarized to facilitate the attainment of expertise in endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration, and to promote the widespread use of this diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Typical images of the mediastinal organs, the bilio‐pancreatic systems and neighboring organs by scanning from the esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb, and descending portion of the duodenum, are shown in a sequential manner. The basic techniques of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration are also presented.     

Pulsed CO2 laser tissue ablation: effect of tissue type and pulse duration on thermal damage

Tissue removal by infrared lasers is accompanied by thermal damage to nonablated tissue. The extent of thermal damage can be controlled by a choice of laser wavelength, irradiance, and exposure duration. The effect of exposure duration has been studied in vivo by using CO2 lasers with pulse widths that vary from 2 microseconds to 50 msec. Pulse widths of 50 msec, typical of a shuttered, continuous-wave CO2 laser, produce damage regions 750 micron wide in normal guinea pig skin; the use of a 2-microseconds-long pulse reduced this damage zone to as little as 50 micron. Using 2-microseconds-long pulses, in vitro studies showed that the minimum zone of thermal damage varied significantly with tissue type. The thermal denaturation of these tissues has been studied and correlated with damage. The effect of denaturation temperature and pulse duration on the width of the damage zone is explained by a simple model.     

Progressive peri‐implantitis. Incidence and prediction of peri‐implant attachment loss.

The aim of this prospective study was to characterize an implant patient population exhibiting clinical signs of peri‐implantitis and to determine subsequently the incidence of progressive attachment loss. The predictive values of diagnostic parameters were evaluated. 25 patients with 54 endosseous implants that had been loaded for 41±15 months were included in the study. Clinical parameters included the assessment of plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth, attachment levels, and Periotest® values. Probing measurements were performed in duplicate by means of a controlled force electronic probe (Periprobem). Peri‐implant crevicular fluid samples were collected and assayed for neutral proteolytic enzyme (NPE) activity (Periocheck®). Analysis of duplicate baseline probing data revealed a high degree of reproducibility (mean difference: 0.1±0.3mm). A minimum threshold of 1.0mm (>3×S.D.) loss of probing attachment was chosen to classify a site as positive for breakdown. Alternatively, the tolerance method was employed to identify sites with progressive attachment loss. After 6 months, irrespective of the analytical method, 6 percent of all sites (in 19% of the implants) and 28% of the patients had experienced further per attachment loss. There were significant differences ( p <0.05) in mean plaque (73% vs. 45%) and NPE (36% vs. 12%) scores between patients with progressive peri‐implantitis and those with stable peri‐implant conditions. Both bleeding on probing and the NPE‐test were characterized by high negative predictive values, and thus negative scores can serve as indicators for stable peri‐implant conditions. For monitoring peri‐implant health during recall visits, attachment level recordings with a controlled force electronic probe in conjunction with enzymatic diagnostic tests of the host response can be recommended.     

CT对眼球异物的诊断及定位

本文比较了11例眼球异物CT与X线影像，并经手术摘出异物证实，CT眼球异物检出及定位准确性均优于X线，尤其对球壁异物的定位，而且能显示断层眼球壁轮廓，具有直观效果，CT异物影像比异物明显扩大，应警惕CT伪影可能使球壁异物定位发生误差，CT目前尚不能完全取代眼球异物常规X线检查。