亚低温对重型颅脑损伤后脑水肿的影响

目的 研究亚低温对重型颅脑损伤（SHI）后脑水肿的影响及其临床意义。方法 36例SHI患者,随机分为常规治疗对照组和常规治疗+亚低温治疗组,各18例。亚低温方法：患者接受冰帽、冰毯和冰袋降温措施处理及冬眠Ⅰ辅助降温,保持肛温在33℃左右,并维持3~5 d。手术后病人均监测颅内压。每例病人伤后0、1、3、7、14、21 d各行一次头颅CT检查,分析比较两组颅内压、伤灶脑水肿体积变化和预后状况。结果 颅内压：对照组和治疗组伤后第3天分别是（2.87±0.26）kPa和（1.67±0.23）kPa （P<0.01）;第7天分别为 （3.15±0.24）kPa和（1.78±0.24）kPa （P<0.01）。伤灶脑水肿体积：对照组在伤后第14天最大 [（140.90±22.95）cm3],治疗组在伤后第3天最大[（95.83±14.97）cm3],治疗组比对照组在伤后第14天减少42%（P<0.05）。伤后一周内转清醒率：对照组为22.2%（4/18例）,治疗组为55.6%（10/18例）（P<0.05）;残死率：对照组为61.1%（11/18例）,治疗组为33.3%（6/18例）。结论 亚低温能减轻脑水肿、稳定颅内压和改善预后。     

亚低温对新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤神经细胞凋亡和胱天蛋白酶-3活性的影响

目的探讨亚低温对新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤神经细胞凋亡和胱天蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)活性的影响。方法7日龄SD大鼠分为假手术组、缺氧缺血性脑损伤常温组(HIBD组)和缺氧缺血性脑损伤亚低温处理组(亚低温组)。HIBD组行左颈总动脉结扎后.吸入氧氮混合气持续2h;亚低温组将HIBD新生鼠维持于31-32℃亚低温8h。用TUNEL法和荧光四肽底物(ACDEVDAMC)法分别检测假手术组、HIBD组和亚低温组的凋亡细胞百分率和Caspase-3活性水平。结果与HIBD组比较,亚低温组和假手术组的凋亡细胞百分率和Caspase-3活性水平显著降低。结论亚低温可减弱新生鼠HIBDCaspase-3活性.抑制神经细胞的凋亡。     

亚低温联合冬眠法治疗弥漫性轴索损伤

目的探讨联合应用亚低温和冬眠法治疗弥漫性轴索损伤的临床疗效。方法选择2003年1月~2004年6月收治的36例弥漫性轴索损伤患者作为联合治疗组;2001年7月~2002年11月收治的36例同病患者作为常温对照组,比较两组患者的疗效。结果联合治疗组第3天及第7天的颅内压分别为(3.82±0.48)kPa和(2.88±0.48)kPa。恢复良好者9例(25%),死亡11例(30.56%);常温对照组第3天及第7天的颅内压分别为(4.27±0.54)kPa和(4.02±0.40)kPa。恢复良好者为2例(5.56%),死亡20例(55.56%),两组比较上述各指标的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论联合应用亚低温和冬眠疗法能降低弥漫性轴索损伤患者的病死率。     

Artichoke and Bergamot Phytosome Alliance: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial in Mild Hypercholesterolemia

Botanicals are natural alternatives to pharmacological therapies that aim at reducing hypercholesterolemia. In this context, despite bergamot being effective in modulating lipid profile, some subjects failed to achieve a satisfactory response to supplementation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the association of 600 mg of bergamot phytosome^® (from Citrus Bergamia Risso) and 100 mg of artichoke leaf standardized dry extract (from Cynara cardunculus L.) can be an alternative in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia who are poor responders to bergamot in a 2-month randomized placebo-controlled trial. Sixty overweight adults were randomized into two groups: 30 were supplemented and 30 received a placebo. The metabolic parameters and DXA body composition were evaluated at the start, after 30 and 60 days. Between the two groups, total and LDL cholesterol in the supplemented group (compared to placebo) showed significant decreases overtime. A significant reduction of waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was recorded in the supplemented group (compared to placebo), even in subjects who did not follow a low-calorie diet. In conclusion, the synergism between Citrus Bergamia polyphenols and Cynara cardunculus extracts may be an effective option and may potentially broaden the therapeutic role of botanicals in dyslipidemic patients.     

百合地黄汤对抑郁症大鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的：探究百合地黄汤对抑郁症大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法：采用孤养和慢性不可预知性温和应激刺激制备大鼠抑郁症模型,经百合地黄汤给药后,采用糖水偏好试验和旷场试验进行药效学评价,并对大鼠的结肠进行病理学检测;收集大鼠粪便,应用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对大鼠肠道菌群多样性进行分析,并进行功能预测。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠体质量明显降低;给药后,各剂量组大鼠体质量均有增加的趋势。糖水偏好实验结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠糖水偏爱度明显减弱（P<0.01）;给药后,各剂量组糖水偏爱度均有增强的趋势,且中剂量组和低剂量组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。在旷场实验中,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠自主活动显著减弱（P<0.01）;给药后,各剂量组大鼠自主活动均有增强的趋势,且低剂量组与模型组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。病理结果显示,模型组大鼠结肠黏膜遭到破坏,经百合地黄汤给药后,各给药组结肠黏膜损伤均有不同程度的恢复。在菌群多样性方面,经百合地黄汤治疗后,在门水平上,厚壁菌门的丰度明显增加,拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门及蓝藻门的丰度明显降低,其中变形菌门和蓝藻门改变具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在属水平上,降低了norank_f__Muribaculaceae、瘤胃球菌属及粪球菌属等菌属的丰度,升高了乳酸菌属、罗姆布茨菌属、Turicibacter及芽孢杆菌属等菌属的丰度,其中norank_f__Muribaculaceae、罗姆布茨菌属、Turicibacter、norank_f__Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group、Prevotellaceae_UCG-001及Prevotellaceae_UCG-001的改变有统计学意义（P<0.05）。京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)功能预测显示,差异菌群的功能与氨基酸代谢、能量代谢、神经系统以及神经退行性疾病等相关。结论：百合地黄汤能够调节抑郁症大鼠的肠道菌群进而改善抑郁症大鼠的抑郁样行为。     

成人轻症病毒性心肌炎左室舒张功能与血清心肌损伤指标、病原学、心电图表现的关系

目的 评价成人轻症病毒性心肌炎左室舒张功能与血清学、病原学、心电图指标的关系。方法 研究对象包括６０例患者和３６例正常人,按年龄分为甲组（〈２５岁）、乙组（２５～４０岁）和丙组（〉４０岁）。按肌钙蛋白、病毒中和抗体、血肠道病毒ＲＮＡ检查结果分别分阳性和阴性两组比较脉冲多普勒功能各指标,心电图分早搏、ＳＴ－Ｔ改变、传导阻滞组分别与正常人比较。结果 甲组和乙组Ｅ／Ａ较正常人缩小（Ｐ＝０．０４,０．０３     

Neurofilament light chain in cerebrospinal fluid or blood as a biomarker for mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:To allow early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression, there is a need for biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is emerging protein biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases and is of possible use in MCI. We aimed to assess the utility of NfL in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a biomarker in patients with MCI.Methods:A systematic search with comparison of NfL level between individuals with MCI and healthy controls were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The standard mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated using the random-effect model to analyze the differentiation of NfL between patients and controls.Results:A total of 7 studies were included. NfL was higher in 676 MCI than 504 healthy controls. Subgroup analysis according to sample type indicated that differentiation of NfL in CSF between patients with MCI and controls showed significant results but in blood. Moreover, the NfL increasing still existed when the NfL expression level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay but single molecule array assay. However, no difference of NfL in MCI between Caucasian and Asian was found.Conclusions:NfL expression level in CSF was increased in MCI individuals, which indicated that NfL in CSF could be a potential biomarker of MCI.