HPV16/18和HPV16E6/E7DNA在宫颈癌组织中的表达

目的检测HPV16/18和HPV16E6/E7 DNA在宫颈癌组织中的表达,探讨其在宫颈癌发病中的作用.方法应用PCR和琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法检测46例宫颈癌组织中HPV16/18和HPV16E6/E7DNA.结果 46例宫颈癌中56.5%(26/46)扩增HPV16/18 DNA,其中宫颈鳞癌25例,宫颈腺癌1例.正常对照组20例HPV16/18DNA均为阴性,与宫颈癌组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01).HPV16/18 DNA阳性拷贝对数值为4.32±2.45.HPV16E6,E7DNA分别有53.8%(14/26)、46.2%(12/26)扩增.结论 HPV16/18和HPV16E6/E7 DNA与宫颈癌的发生密切相关,是宫颈癌恶性转化的关键之一,预示着宫颈癌有较强的增殖能力和转移能力.     

医疗信息交换标准HL7的消息机制剖析

首先简要介绍了医疗信息交换标准HL7,在适当分析了HL7 v2.X中定义的消息机制后主要从信息模型、实现技术规范和消息的表达方式等方面详细的分析了HL7 v3.0的特点及其消息机制.     

医疗数据交换规格MML(Medical Markup Language)3.0汉化版的制作

MML(Medical Markup Language)是一套不同医疗设施间的数据交换规格。于1995年在日本被开发。MML从版本2.21开始使用XML(eXtensible Markup Language)作为标记语言。而最新版本3.0又遵循HL7Clincal Document Architecture(CDA),包含14模块和36个数据定义表格。目前在中国,还没有一个使用XML来结构整个病历内容的规格。鉴于MML的柔韧性,我们制作了一个基于3.0版本的汉化版。日本与中国虽然诊疗流程、病历记录的内容等都很相似,但是也有一些,比如民族的表现、中医诊断分类,医师资格分类等都是日本不存在的或者分类不同的信息。另外,因为国情不同,医疗保险制度也完全不同。为了使MML能在中国的医院适用,我们追加和更改了12个数据定义表格,并重新制作了医疗保险信息模块。MML汉化版不止是一个对原规格的翻译和说明,它还考虑了本地的需要。因此,使用MML汉化版在中国的医疗设施间进行医疗数据交换已经成为可能。     

骨形态发生蛋白-7及其受体的信号转导

骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)是BMP家族中的一员,具有高效的骨诱导活性,属于转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族成员。BMP-7受体属于转化生长因子β(TGF-β)受体超家族的成员,是一种膜蛋白受体。BMP-7首先与Ⅱ型跨膜丝/苏氨酸激酶受体(ActRⅡ、ⅡB)结合,受体的蛋白激酶活性被激活,再与Ⅰ型受体(主要是ALK2)结合,形成异源二聚体,催化Ⅰ型受体GS区的丝氨酸和苏氨酸残基磷酸化。Ⅰ型受体被激活后,作用于Smad1、Smad5或Smad8的C端SSXS模体,使其磷酸化,再与Smad4形成复合物,进入核内与多种转录因子相互作用发挥基因调控作用。     

人乳头状瘤病毒16 E7 DNA在结直肠腺癌组织中的表达

结直肠癌与人类乳头状瘤病毒(Human papilloma virus,HPV)感染有一定的关系,但由于检测方法、标本选择及样本数量不同,各研究结果之间差异很大。为进一步明确结直肠癌变与HPV16感染的关系,采用多聚酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)对82例原发性结直肠腺癌患者手术切除的新鲜癌及癌旁正常粘膜组织进行了前瞻性对照研究,检测了组织中HPV16E7DNA的表达并进行测序鉴定。结果显示,结直肠腺癌组织HPV16E7的表达阳性率(42/82)明显高于癌旁正常粘膜组织(4/82);直肠癌组织中HPV16E7的表达(64.10%)明显高于升结肠癌(18.18%),即癌灶部位距肛门越近,感染率越高;HPV16阳性率与Dukes分期相关,Dukes分期越晚感染率越高;与癌组织分化程度无相关性。结果提示结直肠癌的发生、发展可能与HPV16感染有关。     

W-7对惊厥持续状态幼鼠海马GRP78表达及神经元凋亡的影响

目的：探讨钙调蛋白抑制剂W-7 对幼年大鼠惊厥持续状态（SC）后 GRP78 表达及神经元凋亡的影响。方法：将19～21日龄Sprague-Dawley大鼠117只随机分为生理盐水对照（NS）组、惊厥持续状态（SC）组、W-7 预处理（W-7）组;各组再按不同时间点分4 h、24 h、48 h 3个亚组（n=13）。应用氯化锂 匹鲁卡品建立大鼠SC模型,W-7组在制模前15 min予尾静脉注射W-7。逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和免疫组织化学法检测每组各时间点大鼠海马GRP78 RNA 和蛋白的表达情况;原位末端标记法（TUNEL）检测海马CA1区的神经元凋亡情况。结果：SC组幼年大鼠海马24 h GRP78 mRNA 的表达量较 NS 组显著升高（P<0.01）,SC组24 h和48 h GRP78 蛋白表达量较NS 组相应时间点也显著升高（P<0.01）;W-7组24 h和48 h的GRP78 mRNA及蛋白表达量较SC和NS组明显升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）;SC组在24 h 、48 h海马CA1区TUNEL阳性细胞数（21.0±2.5,29.4±2.8）显著高于NS组（7.1±1.4,7.3±1.6;P<0.01）;W-7组在24 h、48 h海马 CA1 区 TUNEL 阳性细胞数（15.0±2.5,20.0±2.9）较SC组显著降低（P<0.01）,但仍显著高于 NS 组（P<0.01）。结论：钙调蛋白抑制剂 W-7 可通过上调 GRP78 的表达,减轻神经元凋亡, 具有脑保护作用。     

Variability of interferon-γ release assays in people at high risk of tuberculosis infection or progression to tuberculosis disease living in the United States

ObjectivesInterferon-γ release assays, including T-SPOT.TB (TSPOT) and QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube (QFT), are important diagnostic tools for tuberculosis infection, but little work has been done to study the performance of these tests in populations prioritized for tuberculosis testing in the United States, especially those other than health care personnel.MethodsParticipants were enrolled as part of a large, prospective cohort of people at high risk of tuberculosis infection or progression to tuberculosis disease. All participants were administered a tuberculin skin test, TSPOT, and QFT test. A subset of participants had their QFT (n = 919) and TSPOT (n = 885) tests repeated when they returned to get their tuberculin skin test read 2 to 3 days later (repeat study). A total of 531 participants had a TSPOT performed twice on the same sample taken at the same time (split study).ResultsThe QFT repeat test interpretations were discordant (one test positive and the other negative) for 6.4% of participants (59 of 919), and the TSPOT tests were discordant for 60 of 885 participants in the repeat study (6.8%) and 41 of 531 participants in the split study (7.7%). There was a high degree of variability in the quantitative test results for both QFT and TSPOT, and discordance was not associated with both test results being near the established cut-offs. Furthermore, the proportion of discordance was similar when comparing participants in both the TSPOT repeat and TSPOT split studies.DiscussionBoth QFT and TSPOT were 6% to 8% discordant. The results should be interpreted with caution, particularly when seeing a conversion or reversion in serial testing.     

PLPP2: Potential therapeutic target of breast cancer in PLPP family

PLPPs (Phospholipid phosphatases) are widely expressed in different human tissues, regulate cell signal transduction, and are overexpressed in cancers such as gliomas, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and so on. As a member of the PLPP family, PLPP2 (phospholipid phosphatase 2) plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer, but its mechanism is still unclear. Our research found that PLPP2 was overexpressed in breast cancer, and the higher expression level of PLPP2 showed a worse prognosis for breast cancer patients. Further analysis showed that overexpression of PLPP2 affected the expression of CDC34 (cell-division cycle 34), LSM7 (Like-Smith 7), and SGTA (small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein alpha) through EMT (epigenetic-mesenchymal transition) related pathways to promote the occurrence and development of breast cancer. In vitro, silencing PLPP2 significantly reduced the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. ER+ is a common subtype of breast cancer. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of PLPP2 was significantly related to the poor prognosis of ER+ breast cancer. These results indicate that PLPP2 has value as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer, especially for ER+ breast cancer.     

Performance of EAST in diagnosing inhalant allergens in children with allergic rhinitis

The performance of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (EAST) for identifying six indoor allergens was evaluated using skin prick test (SPT) as reference tests in 154 children with allergic rhinitis. Sensitivity of EAST ranged from 9% (cat) to 54% (HDM) with specificity of 74%(cockroach) to 100% (cat) with an agreement ranged from 58 to 86%. Cut off values ?> ?0.35 kU/L showed best sensitivity and specificity. Our findings agree with extant literature which suggests that the ability of EAST to determine the precipitating allergen is moderate. Assays for definitively identifying the inhalant allergen are currently not available.     

血清miR-16与新生儿败血症患儿心功能障碍及炎症反应的关系

目的探究血清miR-16与新生儿败血症患儿心功能障碍及炎症反应的相关性。方法回顾性分析119例新生儿败血症患儿(败血症组)的临床资料,另选取100例同期住院的普通感染新生儿(对照组)作为对照,评估2组患儿心功能、血清炎症因子及血清miR-16表达水平。根据左室射血分数(LVEF)将败血症组患儿分为心功能障碍组及无心功能障碍组,采用多因素Logistic回归分析血清miR-16表达水平对新生儿败血症患儿发生心功能障碍的影响,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清miR-16表达水平对新生儿败血症患儿发生心功能障碍的诊断价值,采用Pearson法分析新生儿败血症患儿血清miR-16表达水平与炎症因子及心肌损伤标志分子的相关性。结果败血症组患儿的血清miR-16表达水平显著高于对照组患儿(P<0.001)。心功能障碍组患儿的血清miR-16表达、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶心肌同工酶(CK-MB)、心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)水平及QT离散度、Tie指数均显著高于无心功能障碍组患儿,而LVEF则显著低于无心功能障碍组患儿(P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血清miR-16表达水平是新生儿败血症患儿发生心功能障碍的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,采用血清miR-16表达水平诊断新生儿败血症患儿发生心功能障碍的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.901(95%CI0.846~0.956),特异度和灵敏度分别为80.7%和85.5%。经Pearson相关性分析,新生儿败血症患儿的血清miR-16表达水平与IL-6、CRP、cTnⅠ、LDH、CK-MB、H-FABP水平呈显著正相关性(r=0.439、0.341、0.325、0.842、0.683、0.705,P<0.001)。结论新生儿败血症患儿血清miR-16升高与炎症反应有关,检测血清miR-16表达水平对新生儿败血症患儿发生心功能障碍有一定诊断价值。