Phototherapy and photochemotherapy

The treatment of skin diseases with ultraviolet radiation represents an important therapeutic modality in clinical dermatology, and the number of skin diseases that improve under the phototherapeutic modalities of today is still growing. While clinical phototherapy was originally based on empirical observations, our present understanding of the underlying mechanisms has improved substantially due to important progress in photobiological science. The better understanding of this scientific basis of treatment allows to both choose the correct phototherapeutic modality and determine the most effective treatment regimen. The aim of this article is to discuss the appropriate indications for phototherapy as well as its safe and effective employment, providing practical help in daily clinical phototherapeutic practice.     

窄谱中波紫外线联合中药药浴治疗寻常型银屑病疗效观察及对血管内皮细胞生长因子影响

目的:观察中药药浴联合窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)治疗寻常型银屑病的疗效及治疗前后血清细胞因子浓度改变,探讨治疗机制。方法:32例寻常型银屑病患者中药药浴后,给予NB-UVB照射,每周3次,共40次。用酶联免疫吸附试验检测32例患者治疗前后血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)水平。结果:32例患者治疗后痊愈11例,临床有效率为90.6%。32例患者治疗前VEGF血清水平较健康对照者水平高,照射后显著下降。结论:中药药浴联合NB-UVB照射治疗银屑病疗效好,不良反应少,VEGF在寻常型银屑病中发挥重要作用。     

运动前热水浴预防末端病的实验研究

为了证实运动前热水浴预防末端病的作用。选取了14只雄性SD大鼠,分为对照组、造模组和预处理组,以“跳跃电刺激法”训练8周后,取双后足做HE染色和HSP70检测。结果显示:运动前热水浴能明显诱导跟腱末端区HSP70的表达,明显减轻末端病的病理性变化,但对适应性变化影响不大。说明运动前热水浴是预防末端病的有效方法。     

倍他米松二甲基亚砜酊中倍他米松的含量测定

目的建立倍他米松酊的含量测定方法。方法通过水浴蒸干排除二甲基亚砜的干扰，用紫外分光光度法测定倍他米松的含量。结果倍他米松浓度在3．0—36．0μg／mL范围内与吸收度有良好的线性关系（r=0．9999），平均回收率为99．79％，RSD为1．04％。结论紫外分光光度法准确可靠，可作为倍他米松酊中倍他米松含量的测定方法。     

中药还精方对人类精子顶体反应的影响

目的:观察中药还精方对人类精子顶体反应(AR)的影响。方法:通过人精子与含药血清共同培养,采用双重染色法(double-staining)检测精子的AR发生率。结果:含药血清组中人类精子顶体反应发生率有明显增加,且随剂量的增加而逐渐增加,高剂量组最为明显(P<0.05),呈现出一定的量效关系。与空白组、不含药血清组相比较P<0.001,有非常显著性差异。结论:在人类精子获能条件下,适当浓度的中药还精方可较大幅度提高顶体反应发生率,具有提高人类精子受精能力的作用。     

宫内节育器(Cu-IUD)体外释放Cu~(2+)以及含药Cu-IUD体外释放吲哚美辛的研究

目的:比较含Cu及含消炎药IUD释放Cu2+和吲哚美辛(IMC)的释放行为。方法:通过模拟人体宫腔内环境,采用火焰原子吸收光谱仪和UV-752分光光度仪测定TCu380A IUD、MLCu375 IUD和元宫型药Cu365IUD 300d内Cu2+和320d内IMC的释放行为。结果:3种Cu-IUDs的Cu2+都呈现了双相的释放行为:初始阶段的快速释放与随后的稳定缓慢释放。元宫型药Cu365IUD的Cu2+释放为零级过程,其内IMC的体外释放结果符合Weibull方程。结论:3种型号中,元宫型药Cu365IUD中Cu2+的释放最为稳定。依据IMC的体外释放特点,可以解释含药Cu-IUD防治置IUD副作用的功能。     

五大连池矿泉单次浴对人体某些生理机能的影响

目的观察矿泉浴对人体生理机能的影响。方法对６０例患消化系统疾病和皮肤病患者，进行温浴（将冷矿泉水加热至３７℃左右）冷浴（天然矿泉水，水温５～８℃），分别于浴前、浴后即刻，浴后３０分钟检测皮温、血压和脑血流图。结果皮温：温浴略有升高；冷浴即刻下降，３０分钟后升高明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血压：温浴下降；冷浴即刻有所上升，３０分钟后降压显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。脑血流图：温浴和冷浴均无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论冷矿泉浴优于温矿泉浴     

Effects of Japan Sea Proper Water on the growth ofLegionella pneumophila, Escherichia coli, andStaphylococcus aureus

Objective To assess whetherLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1 and serogroup 6,Escherichia coli, andStaphylococcus aureus can survive in Japan Sea Proper Water (JSPW). Methods The inhibitory effects of JSPW, surface seawater (SSW), phosphate buffer solution with 3.5% NaCl of pH 7.0 (3.5% NaCIPBS), and the 10²- and 10⁴-fold dilute solutions with purified water or phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.0, and purified water were investigated. Survival cells were counted immediately after the water and the bacteria were mixed, and at 1,3,5, and 7 days after incubation at 37°C. If the number of surviving cells was decreased more than 2 log units compared with the starting value, we judged the medium to have had an inhibitory effect on the growth of the bacteria. Results The survival cells of the bacteria in JSPW had decreased more than 2 log units compared with the starting value at 1 day after incubation. After 1 day of incubation, the cells ofLegionella pneumophila serogroup 6 andStaphylococcus aureus were found to have decreased more than 2 log units in purified water (PW) used as a control. Furthermore,Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 in the 10²-fold dilute solution of JSPW was only 1.04 log units lower than the starting value at 7 days after incubation. In the 10²- and 10⁴-fold dilute solutions of JSPW,Escherichia coli survived for 7 days after incubation. These results were almost similar to the results in SSW and 3.5% NaCIPBS. Conclusions The present findings demonstrate thatLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1 andEscherichia coli cannot survive in undiluted JSPW for over a day at 37°C, suggesting the inhibitory effects may be due to the sodium chloride contained in JSPW.     

Sitz Bath: Where Is the Evidence? Scientific Basis of a Common Practice

PURPOSE This study was designed to determine if evidence exists to justify and support the recommendation of sitz bath in the management of anorectal disorders. METHODS A Medline search was conducted using the key words “sitz bath” and “hot bath.” RESULTS Thirty-six articles were found which highlighted the physiology, benefits, risks, complications, and techniques of sitz bath. Most of the studies were published in gynecologic or nursing journals. One randomized study comparing sitz bath to placebo was found. Two articles speculated that sitz bath induces relaxation of the internal sphincter muscle. Cold sitz bath was reported to decrease perineal edema more than warm sitz bath, although patients tended to prefer the latter. Five articles reported complications of sitz bath, including dissemination of herpes, maternal–neonatal Streptococcus outbreak, and skin burns. CONCLUSION A review of the literature demonstrated a lack of scientific data to support the use of sitz bath in the treatment of anorectal disorders. Additional randomized and controlled clinical studies are needed to investigate whether this time consuming recommendation is beneficial to patients. Reprints are not available.