酶联免疫吸附试验、间接荧光抗体试验、间接免疫过氧化物酶染色试验诊断人体旋毛虫病的初步研究

用ELISA、IFA和IIP试验检测11例旋毛虫病人血清特异性抗体,阳性率分别为72.72％、81.82％和81.82%。它们之间无统计学差异,3项试验结果间存在良好一致性。 同时检测了30份健康献血员血清和20例其他寄生虫病人血清(包括华支睾吸虫病、四川肺吸虫病、日本血吸虫病、包虫病和阿米巴肝脓肿),旋毛虫病人组的ELISA、IFA和IIP阳性率明显为高。 由于3项免疫学试验均具有较好的特异性和灵敏性,故可以单独或联合用于人体旋毛虫病的诊断和流行病学调查。     

Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 1A combined with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

We report a 24-year-old male with an unusual combination of two inherited neuromuscular disorders – Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease type 1A and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). A phenotypic presentation of this patient included features of both these disorders. Nerve conduction studies revealed demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Electromyography showed a profound myogenic pattern. The serum creatine kinase level was highly elevated. Muscle biopsy revealed a dystrophic picture with deficient dystrophin immunostaining. CMT1A duplication on chromosome 17p11.2 was found. The frame-shift mutation c.3609–3612delTAAAinsCTT (p.K1204LfsX11) was detected in the dystrophin gene by analysing mRNA isolated from the muscle tissue. The patient inherited both these mutations from his mother. The combination of CMT1A and DMD has not been reported as yet.     

Delayed expression of NADPH-diaphorase in rat brain after administration of the cholinotoxin AF64A

Administration of cholinotoxin etylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) into the brain selectively induces nonrever-sible cholinergic deficit. Wistar rats were injected intracerebroventricularly bilaterally with AF64A at doses of 1–3 nmol/ventricle. 28 days later the number of neurons survived was counted in dorsolateral, intermediate and medial groups of cells of the medial septum. AF64A induced a decrease in neuronal density and expression of cholineacetyl transferase at all doses used as well as in all regions studied. Brain sections were also stained for NADPH-diaphorase representing neuronal NO-synthase. Effects of AF64A on NADPH-diaphorase expression depended on the region studied. The number of NADPH-diaphorase-positive cells increased in the medial cellular group where more cholineacetly transferase-positive cells survived. In contrast, decrease in NADPH-diaphorase expression in the dorsolateral group of cells coincided with low level of cholineacetyltransferase-po-sitive neurons. The data presented suggest that in the AF64A-dependent model of neurodegeneration NO may play a neuroprotective function.     

Flavocoxid is as effective as naproxen for managing the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee in humans: a short-term randomized,double-blind pilot study

Flavocoxid (Limbrel), a proprietary mixture of flavonoid molecules (baicalin and catechin), was tested against a traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, naproxen, for the management of the signs and symptoms of moderate osteoarthritis (OA) in humans. Discomfort and global disease activity were used as the primary end points, and safety assessments were also taken for both treatments as a secondary endpoint. In this double-blind study, 103 subjects were randomly assigned to receive either flavocoxid [500 mg twice daily (BID)] or naproxen (500 mg BID) in a 1-month onset of action trial. Outcome measures included the short Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, subject Visual Analogue Scale for discomfort and global response, and investigator Visual Analogue Scale for global response and fecal occult blood. Both flavocoxid and naproxen showed significant reduction in the signs and symptoms of knee OA (P ≤ .001). There were no statistically detectable differences between the flavocoxid and naproxen groups with respect to any of the outcome variables. Similarly, there were no statistically detectable differences between the groups with respect to any adverse event, although there was a trend toward a higher incidence of edema and nonspecific musculoskeletal discomfort in the naproxen group. In this short-term pilot study, flavocoxid was as effective as naproxen in controlling the signs and symptoms of OA of the knee and would present a safe and effective option for those individuals on traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. A low incidence of adverse events was reported for both groups.     

Extacorporeal shock wave therapy unsuccessful for chronic medial epicondylitis

Medial epicondylitis is a chronic noninflammatory condition resulting from mechanical injury. Despite many treatment options, including rest, medications, physiotherapy and operative interventions, the results are too often poor; thus new treatment options are sought. We treated 4 men with chronic epicondylitis (5 affected joints) with extracorporeal shock wave therapy after failed attempts of other treatments. The patients’ complaints were graded with the Nirschl scoring system prior to and six months after therapy. The treatment consisted of three sessions, at 20-day intervals, of 3000 pulses of ultrasonic shock waves from a Piezolith 3000 unit (energy dosage was gradually increased to reach step 10 equaling 0.9 mJ/mm²). At the 6-month follow-up, no patient was pain free. Three cases had slightly lower Nirschl scores than prior to the procedure but the patients rated this difference as insignificant; two cases were unchanged. No complications were observed but all patients rated the procedure as very unpleasant. The well recognized biologic effects of ultrasonographic waves (heat generation, oscillations, cavitation, etc.) that result in functional and structural changes of cellular membranes with sonochemical reactions (acceleration of normal metabolism, oxygenation and reduction in water solutions, polymer degradation, etc.), even if present in our cases, did not result in a noticeable decrease of symptoms, even though we used high energy and more impulses per session. Significant variations in methodology make inconclusive the results of numerous reports on the use of extracorporeal shock waves in epicondylar degenerative problems, although ineffectiveness of such therapy is the conclusion of a review by Haake and colleagues.     

The participation of adenosine receptors in the adenosine 5''-triphosphate-induced relaxation in the isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum penis

AIM: To investigate the participation of adenosine receptors in the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-induced relaxation in the corpus cavernosum penis (CCP) of rabbits. METHODS: The ATP-induced relaxation was assessed on the noradrenaline precontracted CCP of rabbits in the presence and absence of 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine (CSC); an adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist; alloxazine and MRS1754; adenosine A(2B) receptor antagonists; and ARL67156, an inhibitor of ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases. RESULTS: Adenosine and ATP relaxed the noradrenaline precontracted CCP of rabbits in a concentration-dependent manner. The adenosine- and ATP-induced relaxations were suppressed by alloxazine and MRS1754, but not by 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine. ARL67156 potentiated the ATP-induced relaxation but not the adenosine-induced one. MRS1754 suppressed the ATP-induced relaxation potentiated by ARL67156. CONCLUSIONS: The above results suggest that, in the CCP of rabbits, the adenosine receptor mediating adenosine-induced relaxation is of the A(2B) receptor and the ATP directly causes relaxation through the A(2B) receptor on the CCP.     

云南省600例0~5岁儿童维生素A缺乏调查

目的:了解云南省城乡0~5岁儿童维生素A营养状况及影响因素。方法:省、地、县随机整群抽取600例儿童,采用微量荧光光度法检测VitA含量。结果:VitA缺乏发生率16·17%,地、县明显高于省会城市;0岁儿童明显高于其他年龄组;腹泻儿童明显高于正常儿童;VitA缺乏的影响因素:近1周内进食鸡蛋、奶类制品、鱼虾类、肝类、黄绿色蔬菜、鱼肝油等食物有利于维生素A的吸收,急性呼吸道感染、发烧与维生素A缺乏发生率差异不明显。结论:维生素A缺乏发生率城市明显低于农村地、县两级,说明维生素A缺乏防治工作重点在农村,特别是0岁儿童,防治的主要措施是采取合理膳食,均衡营养,控制腹泻流行。     

根管治疗术远期疗效的影响因素

根管治疗术（root canal therapy,RCT）是治疗牙髓病、根尖周病的主要方法.影响根管治疗术远期疗效的因素较多,而RCT前根尖周状态和根充位置是两大主要因素.     

特异性荧光偏振免疫法监测521例肾移植后环孢素A全血浓度3275次

目的通过监测肾移植后病人环孢素A(CsA)全血浓度 ,提出CsA在三联免疫抑制用药方案中的理想治疗窗。方法用特异性荧光偏振免疫法测定CsA全血浓度 ,对521例病人监测3275次 ,按术后时间及临床表现分组比较。结果肾移植后<1 ,、1～3、3～6、6～12个月、1～2和>2年的CsA全血谷浓度的理想治疗窗应分别为250～450、200～400、150～300、100～250、100～200和100～180μg/L。结论CsA全血浓度在上述范围内 ,中毒反应和排异反应明显减少     

谷参肠安胶囊长期毒性试验

本文报告谷参肠安胶囊大鼠长期毒性试验,结果表明,谷参肠安胶囊对动物的一般状况,体重增长、外周血象、肝肾功能及病理组织学检查等未见明显毒性。