肾上腺腺瘤型原醛症69例报告

目的　探讨分泌醛固酮的肾上腺腺瘤（APA）的诊断和治疗方法。　方法　回顾性分析69例经手术和病理证实的APA患者临床资料。　结果　69例患者术后1周血钾恢复正常。48例随访3个月～10年,血压恢复正常45例,3例需长期应用降压药维持。　结论　安体舒通试验、血醛固酮测定是APA的主要定性诊断方法,B超和CT是定位诊断的主要方法,准确率分别为81.2%和100.0%。外科手术是治疗APA的有效手段。     

实验性颅内压增高对垂体－靶腺轴激素的影响

雄性麻醉犬９只，硬脑膜外置套囊注盐水，阶梯升高７只犬的颅内压（ＩＣＰ）至６．７，１３．３和２０．０ｋＰ３，观察每次升高ＩＣＰ稳定１０ｍｉｎ后的血液动力学和垂体－靶腺轴激素及其组织结构的变化．结果表明随着ＩＣＰ的阶梯性增高，血压也升高，心输出量增加，心率减慢；但当ＩＣＰ升至２０ｋＰａ，心率反而变快，颅内灌注压明显降低．ＩＣＰ升至各阶梯水平，Ｔ３均降低，皮质醇增高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｔ４和ＬＨ基本不变，ＴＳＨ均＜１　μｇ／Ｌ．光镜观察脑垂体、甲状腺和肾上腺结构基本正常．     

原发性甲状腺机能亢进并重度甲状腺肿大的外科治疗

目的总结我院12年间收治32例原发性甲亢病（Graves’病）并重度甲状腺肿大的围手术期处理和手术经验。方法对在门诊控制甲亢治疗阶段、围手术期间的处理、手术方式和术后并发症等进行评价。结果本组无死亡病例,术后并发症发生率为23．8％,其中术后并发呼吸道梗阻和暂时性低血钙各2例,轻度甲低3例。结论重度肿大的Graves’病患者手术治疗具有疗效确切、技术要求高,有潜在的高并发症或高风险的特点。充分的术前准备和良好的麻醉以及手术者良好手术操作技巧,术后严密观察和并发症的及时处理,可降低或避免严重并发症的发生.     

Interventional Sialendoscopy for Parotid Ductal Calculi: Our Preliminary Experience

With this article we present our initial experience with interventional sialendoscopy of the parotid duct for the parotid calculi. We carried out a prospective study of patients of parotid calculi in a tertiary referral centre. Diagnostic and interventional sialendoscopy was performed in five cases of parotid calculi. The outcome was classified on the basis of clearance of the lumen of the duct and resolution of symptoms. Diagnostic sialendoscopy was able to diagnose the calculus in all cases. Interventional sialendoscopy was done under general anesthesia in all cases and calculus was successfully removed. The average size of sialolith was 8.2 mm. No complications occurred in any of the cases. Check sialendoscopy was done in all cases after a minimum follow up of 6 months, which showed the duct lumen to be free of stone with no stricture of the duct. Sialendoscopy is an optimal technique for removal of intraductal parotid calculi and avoids removal of the gland. In our series there was no associated morbidity and complication.     

37例口颊癌术后腮腺瘘的放疗效果评估

目的 评估放射治疗应用于口颊癌术后腮腺瘘的疗效以及不良反应.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月-2020年1月湖南省肿瘤医院头颈外科收治的因口颊癌术后出现腮腺瘘且接受放射治疗的患者37例,所有患者均采用6-MeV电子线照射,每次2 Gy,每天1次,每周5次,照射总剂量为8～18 Gy(平均剂量9.7 Gy),照射野包括整个...     

A Double-Clear Variant of Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland

The hallmark of the histology of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is the presence of a regular repetitive mixture of bilayered duct-like structures with an outer layer of myoepithelial cells and inner ductal epithelial cells. Clear cell change in the myoepithelial component is common, but clearing of both cell types, giving an impression of a monocellular neoplasm, is rare. A parotid biopsy was received from an 83-year-old male and subject to routine histologic processing for conventional staining and immunohistochemistry. The encapsulated tumour was composed of sheets of PAS/diastase negative clear cells, separated by fibrous septae. The clear myoepithelial cells were positive for S-100 protein, SMA, and p63 and negative for CK19 and surrounded CK19-positive luminal cells. It is important to utilise immunohistochemistry to differentiate this tumour from others with a similar histologic pattern. Information about the behaviour of the double-clear EMC is limited since there are few cases reported.     

40例不同类型舌下腺囊肿的临床分析

目的：探讨不同类型舌下腺囊肿的临床特征、诊治方法、临床疗效及手术并发症的处理。方法：对某医院口腔颌面外科收治的40例不同类型舌下腺囊肿进行回顾性分析,其中单纯型30例,潜突型4例,哑铃型6例。结果：在40例不同类型舌下腺囊肿中。单纯型及哑铃型因其临床特征明显,易于诊断,对于潜突型舌下腺囊肿,则通过颌下区穿刺及彩色超声检查辅助诊断。手术方法均采用口内入路切除患侧舌下腺囊肿邻近囊壁及腺体。其中1例发生术后出血。通过紧急手术探查予以结扎止血处理,其余病例均未发生手术并发症。结论：局部穿刺及超声检查是值得推荐的用于舌下腺囊肿鉴别诊断的有效手段,完整摘除患侧舌下腺腺体是治疗不同类型舌下腺囊肿并预防其复发的关键。     

~(99m)锝腮腺动态显像对舍格伦综合征的诊断价值

目的 探讨＾９９ｍ锝腮腺动态显像对诊断舍格伦征的价值。方法 应用＾９９ｍ锝对临床诊断为舍格伦综合征的５２例患者进行腮腺动态显像,将所得的结果应用计算机ＲＯＩ程序进行定量分析和动态曲线分析,结果 腮腺外形较正常大者４６例（８８．４％）肿大腮腺轮廓清晰２８例（５３．８５％）轮廓模糊１８例（３４．６２％）腮腺功能正常７例（１３．４６％）轻度受损１５例（２８．８４％）中８度受损１７例（３２．６９％）,重度     

脑下垂体阻滞术的临床应用

应用脑下垂体阻滞术后于例全性顽痛及四例癌痛的治疗，获得满意效果。经Ｘ线检查了解蝶窦、蝶鞍、筛窦所见，并用鼻匀确认鼻腔有无异常，据此选定拟穿刺的鼻孔。平卧全麻后在Ｘ线电视荧光屏下，用特制的脑下垂体双重套针行经鼻脑下垂体穿刺，针尖穿过鞍低到鞍内脑下垂体后，注入造影剂并折片确认针位正确，注入无水乙醇１．８￣２．０ｍｌ。分别用于全身性顽痛、宫颈癌Ⅲ期ｂ、转移性肺癌、外阴癌、卵巢癌痛。本组５例平均疼痛记分（