异甘草素抑制RANKL/RANK/TRAF6信号通路对骨质疏松大鼠成骨细胞分化的影响

目的 探究异甘草素对骨质疏松(OP)大鼠成骨细胞分化的影响是否与调控核因子-κB受体活化体配体(RANKL)/核因子-κB受体活化体(RANK)/肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(TRAF6)信号通路有关。方法 采用去势法建立绝经后OP大鼠模型，造模2周后将大鼠随机分为模型组、阳性组(戊酸雌二醇0.09 mg/kg)、异甘草素低(10 mg/kg)、中(20 mg/kg)、高(40 mg/kg)剂量组，每组10只，另取10只大鼠作为假手术组。给药结束后采用ELISA法检测大鼠血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、雌二醇(E₂)水平；Micro-CT扫描观察骨微结构指标；HE染色观察股骨组织病理学；免疫组化法检测大鼠股骨Runt相关转录因子2(Runx2)蛋白表达；Western Blot法检测大鼠股骨RANKL、RANK、TRAF6蛋白表达。结果 与模型组比，阳性组与异甘草素各剂量组大鼠骨组织病变明显减轻，可见新生骨小梁；ALP[(107.94±9.83)U/L、(75.27±7.51)U/L、(89.35±9.14)U/L、(106.33±10.02)U/L比(53.79±5....     

Isoliquiritigenin inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in models of Parkinson's disease via JNK/AKT/NFκB signaling pathway

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid with numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammation, yet its role in Parkinson's disease (PD) with microglia-mediated neuroinflammation remains unknown. In this study, the effects of ISL on inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in PD were evaluated in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Our results showed that ISL prevented behavioral deficits and excessive microglial activation in MPTP-treated mice. Moreover, ISL was found to prevent the elevation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mitigate the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), protein kinase B (AKT), nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), and inhibitor of NFκB protein ɑ (IκBɑ) in the substantia nigra and striatum of MPTP-treated mice and LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Meanwhile, in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells, ISL inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In addition, the agonist of JNK partly abolished the inhibitory effects of ISL in LPS-treated BV-2 cells. Our results demonstrated that ISL inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in PD models probably through deactivating JNK/AKT/NFκB signaling pathways. The novel findings suggest the therapeutic potential of ISL for microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in PD.