正常小鼠胃肠运动昼夜节律及药物作用的影响

目的：观察小鼠胃肠运动昼夜节律及药物对节律的影响。方法：小鼠不同时间点灌胃给予蒸馏水及实验药物，同步测定胃排空及小肠推进运动情况。结果：小鼠胃排空及小肠推进运动存在昼夜节律；普瑞博思促进胃肠运动存在时间效应，但对节律无明显影响；阿托品抑制胃肠运动可使原有昼夜节律消失。结论：小鼠胃肠运动功能存在昼夜节律，药物对胃肠运动功能的作用存在时间效应，可使节律发生不同变化。     

Neurofilament M and calbindin D28k are present in mutually exclusive subpopulations of enteric neurons in the rat submucous plexus

Immunocytochemical methods have been used to examine the localisation of 3 neurofilament proteins and the calcium binding protein, calbindin D_28k, in whole mount preparations of the submucous plexus in the Wistar rat. Neurofilament-M (160 kDA protein) was present in 40% of the submucosal neurons, staining fine filaments in the soma and the axonal processes. Calbindin D_28k was present in 40% of the submucosal neurons staining both the soma and nerves within the plexus. The neurofilament proteins and calbindin D_28k were never observed within the same neurons. Neurofilament-M was co-localised with substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide but not somatostatin or the other neuropeptides investigated. Calbindib D_28k was co-localised with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and neuropeptide Y. Galanin- and somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons did not contain either the neurofilament proteins or calbindin D_28k. The results demonstrate the presence of subsets of submucosal neurons that can be distinguished by the presence of neurofilament-M or calbinsin D_28k.     

Comparison of fecal microflora in children with atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome according to IgE sensitization to food

Atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS) commonly often arises during early infancy. In several intervention studies a beneficial influence on AEDS course of certain intestinal bacteria, administered as 'probiotics', has been described. To evaluate the possible role of the natural intestinal microflora in children with allergic eczema/dermatitis syndrome regarding immediate type hypersensitivity to food allergens, children with food allergy (AAEDS, n = 68) have been compared with children without detectable food allergy (NAEDS, n = 25). All children (n = 93) in preschool age, mean age of 2.6 (+/-1.8) years, diagnosed with AEDS who were treated as inpatients in 2003 in a dermatological hospital were included. The correlation between fecal microflora, parasites and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies against common food allergens was analyzed. A similar composition of intestinal microflora in children with AAEDS and NAAEDS was found. The food allergens that were most frequently detected were egg white, cow milk, casein, peanut and hazelnut. Furthermore, a significant association between IgE sensitization against important food allergens and components of the fecal microflora could not be demonstrated. With aging changes occur in the intestinal microbiota [Proteus/Klebsiella and age (rho = -0.607) and Enterococcus and age (rho = -0.428)]. In two subjects of the AAEDS group Blastocystis hominis was found. The composition of natural intestinal microflora in children with AAEDS and NAAEDS was similar. Hence, there is no evidence of a role of the intestinal microflora with regard to the development of infant (food) allergy in children with AEDS. The possible consequences for allergic diseases later in life require further investigation.     

腹腔镜在急性肠梗阻手术治疗中的应用

目的:评价腹腔镜在急性肠梗阻手术治疗中的价值。方法:对腹腔镜急性肠梗阻手术的适应证、禁忌证、手术方式、注意事项、手术并发症及优缺点等进行了总结与分析。结果:腹腔镜手术已成功地用于治疗由既往腹部手术后粘连、内疝(包括膈疝)、腹壁疝、肠扭转等所引起的急性肠梗阻。结论:腹腔镜急性肠梗阻手术仍是一种探索性的手术,可以代替开腹手术治疗选择性的急性肠梗阻。对于梗阻原因不明者,腹腔镜手术是一种即可以明确梗阻原因,又可以同时进行有效治疗的方法。     

胃粘膜癌前病变的形态定量研究——胃粘膜核腺比值的定量分析

应用自动化图象分析仪对131个胃粘膜肠型病灶(单纯性肠化27个;异型增生:轻度30,中度35个,重度20个;肠型胃癌19个)进行定量分析。以单个腺管内细胞核总面积与细胞面积之比(ING)作为反映细胞核大小、数量及覆层排列程度的客观定量指标。结果发现:单纯性肠化(对照组)0.165±0.025,轻度异型增生0.21±0.023,中度异型增生0.259±0.026,重度异型增生0.32±0.028,分化型胃癌0.371±0.052,各组ING值呈正态,各组间的均值有非常显著的差异(P<0001)。因而,ING可作为胃粘膜癌前病变诊断的指标。     

Automatic algorithm for correcting motion artifacts in time-resolved two-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography using convex projections.

Time-resolved contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) may suffer from involuntary patient motion. It is noted that while MR signal change associated with motion is large in magnitude and has smooth phase variation in k-phase, signal change associated with vascular enhancement is small in magnitude and has rapid phase variation in k-space. Based upon this observation, a novel projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm is developed as an automatic iterative method to remove motion artifacts. The presented POCS algorithm consists of high-pass phase filtering and convex projections in both k-space and image space. Without input of detailed motion knowledge, motion effects are filtered out, while vasculature information is preserved. The proposed method can be effective for a large class of nonrigid motions, including through-plane motion. The algorithm is stable and converges quickly, usually within five iterations. A double-blind evaluation on a set of clinical MRA cases shows that a completely unsupervised version of the algorithm produces significantly better rank scores (P=0.038) when compared to angiograms produced manually by an experienced radiologist.     

“肠梗”治疗粘连性肠梗阻425例

本文对采用自行研制的中草药浓缩剂“肠梗”治疗的粘连性肠梗阻４２５例进行临床分析。根据不同的病理及临床特征将其分为三种类型，其中广泛粘连型是“肠梗”治疗的最佳适应症，粘连扭转型是其禁忌证。并对中转手术的指征、时间等问题进行了讨论。认为该方法具有简单易行、安全可靠、成功率高的特点，是一种易于推广的治疗粘连性肠梗阻的有效方法，具有较高的临床实际应用价值     

超声心动图与心电图判定左室心肌梗塞部位和范围对比研究

目的:比较二维超声心动图(2DE)和心电图(ECG)对心肌梗塞(MI)定位诊断的异同、优劣。方法:对59例 MI 患者进行了2DE 和 ECG 检查。在2DE 上将左室分为16个节段而分别确定与 ECG 各导联的对应关系,分别计数2DE 上室壁运动异常(WMA)节段数和 ECG 上有异常 Q 波导联所对应节段数,对比分析两种方法检查结果的一致性。结果:2DE 和 ECG 分别检出338和311个节段阳性,两种方法阳性一致率57.9%,两种方法阳性一致率在各壁的高低依次为下壁、前壁、后壁、前间隔、侧壁;两种方法检测结果的差别有显著性(P<0.05);两种方法检测结果的相关系数 r=0.595(P=0.0000)。结论:两种方法的检查结果有较好的一致性,2DE 优于 ECG。     

原发性小肠恶性肿瘤的CT诊断

本文回顾性分析３４例经病理证实的原发性小肠恶性肿瘤的ＣＴ表现。病变包括腺癌１６例，平滑肌肉瘤１２例，淋巴瘤６例。ＣＴ扫描能明确肿瘤向腔内和腔外侵犯的程度，清晰显示肿瘤与邻近结构的关系，有无局部及远处转移等，为临床治疗提供帮助。鉴别诊断应包括小肠良性肿瘤、炎性病变和转移性肿瘤等。     

10Gyγ线照射后小鼠两相邻肠段运动变化

本文用同时记录两相邻空肠段的收缩活动来观察经10Gyγ线照射后小肠运动的变化,以了解照射后是否出现逆蠕动,以便进一步分析肠套叠形成的原因.结果表明,照射后两相邻肠段出现强度不一的收缩活动,并且可以产生逆蠕动;但是这种逆蠕动发生的机率是不大的.本实验未观察到逆蠕动发生的规律性.因此,逆蠕动的产生可能是照射后发生肠套叠的部分原因.