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81.
82.
目的:探讨癌高发区非癌症患者的血清铜、血清锌水平及其影响因素。方法:用原子吸收法测定血清铜、血清锌值。并对膳食、健康状况和经济水平等因素进行问卷调查,采用单因素相关、逐步回归分析方法来研究癌高发区、对照区年龄在40~60岁长期居住的非癌症患者人群及其多种因素影响的关系。结果:癌高发区人群血清铜、血清铜锌比值明显高于对照区,血清锌值明显低于对照区。血清铜值与现病史和地区有关.男性血清铜高于女性,血清锌值随经济水平和肉摄入量的增加而增高。地区、现病史和性别对血清铜锌比值影响比其它因素更明显。结论:现病史和地区是影响血清铜锌比值的重要因素。血清铜锌比值可考虑作为评价癌高发区的因素之一。 相似文献
83.
血管运动性鼻炎激光治疗鼻腔粘膜致敏区的筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 :随访和对比激光治疗血管运动性鼻炎鼻腔粘膜不同区域的致敏性 ,以明确最佳治疗点。方法 :随机选择确诊的血管运动性鼻炎 1 0 3例 ,分为下鼻甲、中鼻甲、中鼻甲前 1 /3段 3组进行激光治疗。结果 :下鼻甲组总有效率为 66.7% ,中鼻甲组为 97.1 % ,中鼻甲前 1 /3段为 94.4% ,两中鼻甲组与下鼻甲组总有效率差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 0 5) ,中鼻甲组与中鼻甲前 1 /3段组总有效率差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5)。结论 :中鼻甲前 1 /3段是血管运动性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜最敏感的区域 ,是最佳激光治疗点。 相似文献
84.
目的研究电、化学刺激面神经核背内侧区(dMNF)对颏舌肌肌电活动的影响。方法在24只氨基甲酸乙脂麻醉、断双侧迷走神经的健康成年家兔上进行实验。结果①长串电脉冲刺激dMNF导致颏舌肌肌电活动明显增强;②在dMNF内微量注射谷氨酸钠,颏舌肌肌电活动出现明显的易化效应;③单脉冲电刺激dMNF引起颏舌肌出现两次肌电反应,潜伏期分别为(50.8±0.6)ms和(94.7±0.5)ms。结论dMNF对颏舌肌的肌电活动具有调节作用,dMNF的兴奋能增强颏舌肌的肌电活动,从而具有降低上呼吸道阻力的作用。 相似文献
85.
L-Arg-NO通路对大鼠延髓腹面加压区心血管活动的影响及与L-Glu通路的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究一氧化氮(NO)前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg)单侧微量注入大鼠延髓腹面加压区(VSMp)对动脉血压(AP)、心率(HR)、肾灌流压(PPk)的影响及与L-谷氨酸(L-Glu)升压作用的关系。方法 采用延髓腹外侧部微量注射法,以整体灌流肾为模型观察与NO有关药物对心血管活动的影响。结果 (1)VSMp内微量注入L-Arg(40~100nmol),AP和HR呈剂量依赖性下降,与生理盐水注入后的变化相比较,差异均有显著性。如预先注入NO合酶抑制剂L-硝基-精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)或鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂甲基蓝,L-Arg的降压效应被衰减。(2)VSMp内微量注入L-Arg(100nmol),PPk与AP同步下降,与基础值比较,差异有显著性。(3)VSMp内微量注入L-Glu(350nmol),AP上升。如预先注 相似文献
86.
目的:探讨江西地区HCV基因型分布。方法:限制性片断长度多态性分析(RFLP)分析89例HCV-RNA阳性病人HCV的基因型。结果:89例HCV-RNA阳性中,HCVⅡ型81例,占91.01%(81/89);HCVⅢ型7例,占7.87%(7/89);HCVⅡ/Ⅲ混合型1例,占1.12%(1/89)。HCVⅡ型81例中,急性丙型肝炎5例,慢性丙型肝炎75例,占92.6%,肝功能正常,HCV慢性携带1例。HCVⅢ型7例中,急性丙型为3例,慢性再型肝炎4例,占57%,HCVⅡ/Ⅲ混合型1例,为急性丙型肝炎。结论:江西省丙型肝炎基因基以Ⅱ型为主,占91.1%,与HCVⅢ相比较,HCVⅡ型感染与慢性肝炎有更密切关联。 相似文献
87.
目的:介绍内蒙古地区最先诊断并治疗肾包虫病患者的临床资料;方法:2例均施行内囊 除术,其中1例为开放性肾包虫,行患肾切除术;结果:近期随访均未复发;结论:B超检查,此病可因包虫内“子囊”、“孙囊”造成“混合性回声超波”;CT扫描本病的囊壁较肾囊肿略厚,并显示特有的“囊中囊”征或囊内窝状分隔;患者Casoni皮内多呈阳性。 相似文献
88.
Mesoaccumbens dopamine-opiate interactions in the control over behaviour by a conditioned reinforcer
These experiments examined the role of dopamine-opiate interactions in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens in the mediation of reinforcement-related behaviour. It has been shown previously that opiates induce a dopamine-dependent increase in locomotor activity in rats when infused into the VTA, and a dopamine-independent hyperactivity when infused into the nucleus accumbens. The present study investigated the generality and significance of these two findings, by examining dopamine-opiate interactions in the control over behaviour exerted by a conditioned reinforcer (CR), an arbitrary stimulus which gains control by association with primary reinforcement. Rats were trained to associate a light/noise stimulus with sucrose reinforcement, and the efficacy of the CR in controlling behaviour was assessed by measuring its ability to support a new lever pressing response. Responding on one lever (CR lever) produced the CR, responding on the other lever had no programmed consequences. In experiment 1, intra-accumbens infusions ofd-amphetamine (10 µg), the D1 dopamine receptor agonist SKF-38393 (0.1 µg), the D2 dopamine receptor agonist LY-171555 (quinpirole; 0.1 µg) or the opiate receptor agonist [d-Ala2]-methionine enkephalinamide (DALA; 1 µg) selectively increased responding on the CR lever. Infusion with DALA intra-VTA had no effect. However, pretreatment with DALA intra-VTA (10 × 1 µg/day) subsequently reduced the selectivity of the response to infusions intra-accumbens withd-amphetamine or SKF-38393, and blocked the response to LY-171555 or DALA. Pretreatment also shifted to the right the dose-response function for DALA intra-accumbens. In experiment 2, intra-accumbens infusions ofd-amphetamine, SKF-38393, LY-171555 or DALA again increased responding on the CR lever only. Pretreatment with intra-accumbensd-amphetamine (5 × 1 µg/day) reduced the selectivity of the response subsequently tod-amphetamine, and blocked the response to SKF-38393, LY-171555 or DALA. In experiment 3, intra-accumbens infusions of the -opiate receptor agonist [d-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (0.003–0.1 µg), or the -opiate receptor agonist [d-Pen2, 5]-enkephalin (0.03–1 µg) enhanced selectively responding on the CR lever. Thus, the dopamine-dependent locomotor-stimulant properties of intra-VTA infusions of opiates are associated with impaired conditioned reinforcer efficacy. Finally, repeated stimulation of the mesoaccumbens dopamine pathway may compromise the dopamine-independence of the opiate system within the nucleus accumbens. 相似文献
89.
Compressed Donut-Shaped Tablets with Zero-Order Release Kinetics 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Purpose. Simple uncoated compressed tablets with a central hole (donut-shape) are proposed to provide a constant drug release over a long period of time (>20 hrs). The effect of hole size and drug solubility on the release kinetics is investigated.
Methods. The donut-shaped polyethylene oxide (PEO, Mw = 4 × l06) tablets (600 mg and 12 mm diameter) are bored with a drill bit (3/32, 7/64, 1/8, and 5/32).
Results. The release of theophylline from the donut-shaped tablets is zero order (80 – 90% release) before rapidly decreasing. As the hole size is increased from 7/64 to 5/32, the release rate increases and the release time is shortened. However, the release of theophylline from the donut-shaped tablet with a hole size of 3/32 follows the same anomalous release profile from a tablet without a hole. As drug solubility increases, the duration of linear drug release is shortened to 65 – 70% release followed by a severe tailing at the later stage of the release.
Conclusions. Donut-shaped PEO tablets with a hole provide zero-order release kinetics because the effect of the releasing surface area on the release kinetics is reduced. 相似文献
90.
L. Bon C. Lucchetti 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1994,102(2):259-271
We evoked both ear and eye movements in area 8b, the rostral area of frontal cortex, in two monkeys. In some sites it was possible to evoke only ear movements or only eye movements; in other locations we evoked both ear and eye movements by varying the intensity of electrical stimulation. The electrically evoked ear movements were forward, or backward, or oblique (upward-forward; upward-backward). In two penetrations the ear movements were bilateral, in the other penetrations they were contralateral. Ipsilateral ear movements were not observed. The evoked eye movements were mainly fixed-vector saccades, contralateral and with an upward orientation of about 45°. If we considered only the sites where the threshold was equal to or lower than 50 A, the stimulation of this area evoked mainly ear movements. In addition we recorded the electrical activity of 195 neurons. Of these neurons: 74% (145/195) discharged before ear movements (ear cells); 20% (40/195) discharged before ear and eye movements (ear-eye cells); 5% (10/195) discharged only before eye movements (eye cells). Ninety-one percent (132/145) of ear cells presented a preferred direction; 90% (36/40) of ear-eye cells presented a preferred direction for ear movements, and 15% (6/40) presented a preferred direction for eye movements. Eighty-five percent (34/40) of cells did not present a preferred direction for visually guided saccades and were active when the monkey made saccades toward the unlit targets (checking saccades). Our results show that a field of area 8b is related to ear movements and to eye-ear movements. The findings that it is possible to obtain both ear and eye movements with low-intensity currents and that there are cells firing for the two types of movements suggest that area 8b may be involved in the orientation and coordination of both ear and eye. This area might be considered a rostral extension of supplementary eye field (SEF) or a different region. However, based on its distinct functional characteristics and connectivity, it is probably better regarded as a separate field. Regardless, the combination of 8b and SEF may constitute a cortical center for orienting processes. 相似文献