妊娠合并糖尿病与新生儿低血糖的相关研究

目的研究妊娠合并糖尿病与新生儿低血糖的关系。方法将735例孕妇按血糖监测结果分为正常组（632例）、妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes me11itus,GDM）组（92例）、糖尿病（Diabetes me11itus,DM）组（11例）,再根据是否接受胰岛素治疗分为治疗组31例（GDM20例,DM11例）、非治疗组72例,比较各组新生儿低血糖发生率。结果正常组、非治疗组、治疗组新生儿血糖值、低血糖发生率逐渐升高,治疗组新生儿血糖值、低血糖发生率与其他组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;新生儿血糖值与孕妇产前血糖值无明显相关性（r=0.013,P〉0.05）。结论妊娠合并糖尿病孕妇新生儿低血糖发生危险性增加,即使经过系统治疗,产后也应加强对新生儿的血糖监测,及早发现并治疗新生儿低血糖。     

患者家庭注射胰岛素致低血糖情况调查分析

目的 调查并分析糖尿病患者家庭注射胰岛素发生低血糖的危险因素。方法 采用前瞻性病例-对照研究,随机选取自2012年1月至2013年12月就诊的2型糖尿病患者352例。其中发生低血糖患者57例为试验组,未发生低血糖295例为对照组。所有患者均监测四段血糖,即睡前和三餐前血糖并记录低血糖发生情况。回顾性分析两组患者性别、年龄、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白水平、是否患有高血脂、是否患有高血压、糖尿病肾病、体重指数（BMI）、注射胰岛素剂量大小等情况。结果 试验组和对照组患者性别及高血压患病率无统计学差异（P〉0.05）;两组的病程、糖化血红蛋白水平、BMI、高血脂、糖尿病肾病、24 h胰岛素使用总量及年龄比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,是低血糖的影响因素。结论 注射胰岛素糖尿病患者发生低血糖与性别及是否患有高血压无关,病程、糖化血红蛋白水平、24h胰岛素使用总量、糖尿病肾病及年龄是糖尿病患者发生低血糖的危险因素,而高血脂、BMI是低血糖的保护因素。     

警惕糖尿病患者并发低血糖症

低血糖是糖尿病患者常见而严重的并发症之一,血糖严重过低而又得不到及时和恰当的治疗,可导致患者抽搐、昏迷,甚至死亡。本文简要归纳和分析并发症的发病原因、症状、预后和预防措施。     

应用品管圈降低住院2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生率的效果观察

目的：应用品管圈降低住院2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生率。方法：成立品管圈,按照品管圈活动步骤,分析住院2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生的要因,针对性地拟定对策并实施。结果：实施品管圈后,住院2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生率从19．15％降低到8．33％。结论：应用品管圈能有效降低住院2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生率,提高护士主动解决临床问题的能力。     

Sulfonylureas and their use in clinical practice

Many anti-diabetic drugs with different mechanisms of action are now available for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sulfonylureas have been extensively used for treatment of type 2 diabetes for nearly 50 years and, even in our times, are widely used for treatment of this devastating chronic illness. Here, we review some of the available data on sulfonylureas, evaluating their mechanism of action and their effects on glycemic control. We can conclude that sulfonylureas are still the most used anti-diabetic agents: maybe this is due to their lower cost, to the possibility of mono-dosing and to the presence of an association with metformin in the same tablet. However, sulfonylureas, especially the older ones, are linked to a greater prevalence of hypoglycemia, and cardiovascular risk; newer prolonged-release preparations of sulfonylureas are undoubtedly safer, mainly due to reducing hypoglycemia, and for this reason should be preferred.     

�����������Ը��ȵ���Ѫ֢15���ٴ�����

??Abstract?? Objective??To study the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal Congenital Hyperinsulinism Hypoglycemia??CHI??. Methods??The clinical data of 15 newborn babies with CHI??who were diagnosed in Beijing Children’s Hospital between 2000 and 2010??were retrospectively reviewed. Results??Sex ratio of boys to girls was 10??4. Time variation in disease onset?? from less than 1 hour after labor to 25 days. ten of 15 patients were large for gestational age?? 8 of them were macrosonias. Convulsion??cyanosis??lethargy??refusing milk sucking??irritability and sweating were common symptoms. The laboratory findings displayed persistent hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinism in all of the 15 newborn babies. There were no urine and blood ketones elevating in all of the 15 newborn babies. Nine infants were treated with oral diazoxide??but only 2 of them showed effectiveness to the therapy. One patient was given subtotal pancreatectomy and the blood glucose level was restored to normal after operation. Two newborn babies died within 2 weeks. Of the other 13 newborn babies??only 3 who were effectively treated had normal intelligence. Nine of them presented mental retardation in a 5-year follow-up. Conclusion??The measurement of blood glucose??blood insulin and urinary ketones is helpful in the diagnosis of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. Most patients have no response to diazoxide therapy. Whenever drug treatment is comfirmed unresponsive??operation should be considered.     

Renal cell carcinoma with non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia

We report a case of an elderly gentleman with renal cell carcinoma presenting with the rare entity of non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH). Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia syndrome is caused by the tumor producing insulin-like growth factor II, causing hypoglycemia. The syndrome is most commonly associated with very large fibromas or fibrosarcomas.