烯诺孕酮阴道环的制备及体外释放的测定方法

目的： 研制烯诺孕酮阴道环并建立其体外释放度的检测方法,考察其体外释放情况。方法： 以硅橡胶为载体,采用注塑成型法,制备基质型阴道环;以基质型阴道环为药芯,包覆一定厚度的无活性硅橡胶膜,制得储库型阴道环。采用溶出度桨法的装置进行体外释放实验,以pH4.0的醋酸缓冲液200 mL为释放介质,转速为50 r·min^-1,温度为（37±0.5）℃,含量检测方法为高效液相色谱法（HPLC）,检测条件为色谱柱Diamonsil^© C₁₈（2）（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相甲醇-水（70：30,v/v）;检测波长243 nm;流速1 mL·min^-1;进样量20 μL;柱温35℃,并对烯诺孕酮阴道环的体外释放度进行释放拟合。结果： 优化了烯诺孕酮阴道环制备工艺及处方,阴道环中药物可以维持21 d缓慢释放,基质型阴道环的释药速率符合Higuchi方程,储库型阴道环的释药速率更加平稳。所建立的烯诺孕酮阴道环体外释放方法能够检测样品的体外释放度。结论： 烯诺孕酮阴道环具有良好的释药特性,制备工艺稳定;所建立的释放度测定方法准确、可靠、灵敏,可用于烯诺孕酮阴道环体外释放度的测定。     

磷酸左奥硝唑酯二钠细菌内毒素检测方法验证

目的：建立磷酸左奥硝唑酯二钠细菌内毒素的常规检测方法。方法：按《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版通则1143细菌内毒素检查法进行。结果：在验证条件下,样品原液稀释至6.25 mg·mL^-1时,对细菌内毒素检查法无干扰作用。结论：建立的方法用于检查磷酸左奥硝唑酯二钠的细菌内毒素可行。     

多法测量塑料薄膜水蒸气透过量的一致性研究

目的：评价杯式法、电解法和红外法3种方法测量塑料薄膜水蒸气透过量的数据一致性。方法：采用厚度均匀的塑料薄膜,经杯式法、电解法和红外法3种方法测量其水蒸气透过量,等效检验评价测定结果的一致性。结果：杯式法、电解法和红外法测量塑料薄膜的水蒸气透过量分别为7.03、7.02和6.99 g/（m²·day）。结论：3种方法的测量结果等效。这为多种方法测量塑料薄膜水蒸气透过量的实验室数据对比提供了一定的数据基础。     

放射性药品细菌内毒素检测方法的研究进展

细菌内毒素含量是注射型放射性药物的关键质量属性,已标准化的方法包括家兔法和鲎试剂法;新型检测法有试剂盒检测法、磁弹性传感器法、生物传感器法、仪器分析的方法。分别从蛋白类生物传感器、肽类生物传感器、抗体类生物传感器、适体类生物传感器、细胞类生物传感器几个方面着重介绍了生物传感器法,生物传感器法是未来放射性药物细菌内毒素测定的发展趋势。     

机械和人工土埋灭螺的效果-成本分析

目的 目的 探索特殊有螺环境 （特殊环境） 的高效灭螺方法。方法 方法 2006年对乱石溪滩、 渗水荒山等大面积特殊环 境, 采用挖掘机进行一次性深挖深埋灭螺 （机埋灭螺）, 灭螺后, 连续7年观察灭螺效果, 并与2005年采用春、 秋两季人工铲 草土埋2次、 药杀8次的灭螺方法 （人工灭螺） 的效果和成本进行比较。结果 结果 2006年采用机埋灭螺法, 投入为0.78元/ m2 , 有螺面积压缩率达100%; 2005年采用人工灭螺法, 投入为1.34元/m2 , 有螺面积压缩率为20.26%。机埋灭螺比人工灭螺投 入降低41.79%, 灭螺效果提高79.74%。结论 结论 大面积特殊环境采用机埋灭螺优于人工灭螺。     

基因表达谱分析肝细胞癌的特征基因

目的:生物信息学方法建立全面的肝细胞癌（HCC）差异表达基因谱以及初步筛选基于该恶性肿瘤样本的特征 基因。方法:利用R语言中的edgeR包分析不同组之间差异表达的基因（DEGs）。利用STRING数据库分析预测蛋白质的 功能联系和蛋白质相互作用。R语言的clusterProfiler包做GO（gene ontology）（包括biological process、 molecular function和cellular component）及KEGG（kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes）通路富集分析。 筛选差异基因显著富集的GO和KEGG分子途径。利用SLC7A11（solute carrier family 7 member 11）和CCDC14 （coiled-coil domain-containing 14）基因作为肝细胞癌的标志物,利用ELISA法进行检测（确诊的HCC阳性患者为 HCC组,共195例;HCC阴性正常人群为对照组,共107名）,计算阳性率。结果:与癌旁对照样本相比,一共鉴定出454 个差异表达基因,其中高表达基因234个,低表达基因220个。PPI方法进一步筛选出排名前10的重要潜在基因,其中 SLC7A11和CCDC14两个基因排名靠前。利用富集分析,差异基因主要集中在neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction通路中。与对照组相比,HCC组SLC7A11和CCDC14存在显著的高表达[SLC7A11:（70.12±14.3） ng/mL比 （23.12±7.11）ng/mL,t=6.17,P<0.001;CCDC14:（6.17±2.31）pg/mL比（2.13±0.84）pg/mL,t=5.35, P<0.001]。SLC7A11针对HCC检测阳性率达到80.2%,而CCDC14达到68.8%。结论:SLC7A11和CCDC14可以作为HCC的两个 潜在的有效临床生物标志物。     

利用LMS法建立全年龄段FEV1正常参考值

目的探讨一种建立肺功能全年龄段的正常参考值的方法。方法利用LMS法对4个中心共12829名正常健康人FEV1建立全年龄段正常参考值曲线和正常值下限,并对该模型进行评价。结果FEV1与身高、年龄之间存在密切关联,在校正身高影响之后,FEV1在全年龄段与年龄呈非线性关系,而且变异随着年龄变化而变化。LMS方法考虑个体间变异,适用于不服从正态分布的偏峰数据,而且还可以校正身高等其他因素的影响,计算得到的不同年龄的正常参考值最低下限更符合实际。结论LMS法是一种建立全年龄肺功能正常参考值的有效统计方法。     

Primary somatosensory cortex discriminates affective significance in social touch

Another person's caress is one of the most powerful of all emotional social signals. How much the primary somatosensory cortices (SIs) participate in processing the pleasantness of such social touch remains unclear. Although ample empirical evidence supports the role of the insula in affective processing of touch, here we argue that SI might be more involved in affective processing than previously thought by showing that the response in SI to a sensual caress is modified by the perceived sex of the caresser. In a functional MRI study, we manipulated the perceived affective quality of a caress independently of the sensory properties at the skin: heterosexual males believed they were sensually caressed by either a man or woman, although the caress was in fact invariantly delivered by a female blind to condition type. Independent analyses showed that SI encoded, and was modulated by, the visual sex of the caress, and that this effect is unlikely to originate from the insula. This suggests that current models may underestimate the role played by SI in the affective processing of social touch.     

Preseismic anomalous telluric current signals observed in Kozu-shima Island, Japan

Monitoring of telluric current, which is practically a synonym for geoelectric potential difference, was conducted on Kozu-shima Island about 170 km south of Tokyo from May 14, 1997 to June 25, 2000. During the monitoring period, 19 anomalous telluric current changes (ATCs) were observed. Their possible correlation with nearby earthquakes was statistically examined by assuming various lead times for different ranges of magnitude and focal distance. The best correlation may be obtained for earthquakes with a magnitude greater than 3.0 occurring within 20 km of focal distance. There were 23 such earthquakes, of which 11 were preceded by ATCs within 30 d. Of these 11 earthquakes, preceding ATCs of 5 and 6 were positive and negative polarities of telluric current, respectively. Their epicenters were spatially well clustered in the east and west of the island. These facts were clearly beyond those expected by chance and led to a simple speculative model.