抗病毒1号中药在鸡胚中对流感病毒的抑制作用

目的 开发安全有效的抗流感病毒新药。方法 采用鸡胚实验技术观察抗病毒１号中药对流感病毒的抑制作用。结果 抗病毒１号最大无毒剂量大于７２０ｍｇ／胚;３６０、２４０ｍｇ／胚剂量组对流感病毒Ａ３有显著的抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０５）,半数有效量（ＥＤ５０）为１３０．６４ｍｇ／胚,９５％可信区间为１０２．１３～１６７．１１ｍｇ／胚,治疗指数（ＴＩ）大于５．５;３６０、２４０、１６０、１０６．６ｍｇ／胚剂量组对流     

新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗药物与精神科药物的相互作用

目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)治疗药物与精神科药物的相互作用,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 通过查阅文献及美国Medscape网站药物相互作用查询功能,从新型冠状病毒肺炎主要治疗药物代谢动力学入手,分析其与精神科药物的相互作用。结果 CYP3A4强效抑制剂利托那韦、克拉霉素、伊曲康唑等会抑制主要经CYP3A代谢的精神科药物清除而升高其血药浓度,从而引起严重或致命的不良反应;喹诺酮类抗菌药物特别是环丙沙星是CYP1A2的强抑制剂,可抑制氯氮平的代谢,导致氯氮平中毒致死;中药中的某些成分同样会影响精神科药物的疗效。结论 新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗药物与精神科药物的相互作用普遍存在,临床用药时应高度重视,避免严重不良反应的发生。     

岩果止咳液质量标准改进

目的改进岩果止咳液的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对果上叶进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱-紫外检测(HPLC-UV)法同时测定石吊兰、甘草流浸膏中石吊兰素、甘草酸铵的含量。结果TLC斑点清晰,专属性强;石吊兰素、甘草酸铵质量浓度分别在0.004866~0.2433 mg/mL(r=0.9999)和0.0228~1.140 mg/mL(r=0.9997)范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为98.46%和98.91%,RSD分别为2.25%和0.98%(n=9)。结论该方法灵敏、准确,可完善岩果止咳液的质量标准。     

中药脊髓I号对脊髓损伤大鼠背根节CGRP表达的影响

为研究在脊髓损伤后服用中药脊髓I号 (SCI)对背根节 (DRG)神经元降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)表达的影响 ,探讨SCI促进脊髓修复再生效应的机制 ,用免疫细胞化学法和定量图像分析法 ,检查了SCI对Wistar大鼠下胸髓半横断损伤诱发的局部DRG神经元CGRP表达的影响。结果发现 :①脊髓半横断引起同侧首、尾向各 3个DRG内CGRP表达的明显和持续性下调 ;②损伤后投给SCI冲剂 ,可以明显减轻、但不能完全阻止脊髓损伤诱发的CGRP表达下调 ;③损伤后投给中药补阳还五汤 ,或用大剂量的氢化可的松治疗 ,不能减轻脊髓损伤诱发的CGRP表达下调 ;④在服用SCI大鼠脊髓的损伤区 ,显示有明显的修复再生。提示 :CGRP表达程度与脊髓损伤及其修复再生的情况相关 ;SCI可能通过对CGRP mRNA基因表达的调节 ,激发损伤脊髓组织的修复再生。     

调节食欲-生殖的信号肽在雄激素致不孕大鼠中的表达及滋肾阴药的作用

目的探讨雄激素不孕大鼠(ASR)肥胖及无排卵的中枢机制及滋肾阴药的作用。方法给出生9日龄SD雌性大鼠一次性皮下注射丙酸睾丸酮,建立ASR模型。用原位杂交、双标原位杂交的方法检测与肥胖发生有关的几种信号肽/激素如神经肽Y(NPY)、瘦素(leptin)受体长体(OB-Rb)、前阿黑皮素原(POMC)mRNA在ASR下丘脑弓状核(ARC)的表达含量和其关系,以及灌服滋肾阴药后上述指标的变化。结果ASR呈肥胖、无排卵状态。ASR的ARC中NPYmRNA神经元上有OB-RbmRNA表达,NPYmRNA神经元与POMCmRNA神经元有突触联系。NPY和POMC基因表达水平明显增加(P<0.01),OB-Rb基因表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。中药治疗ASR后,大鼠出现减肥和排卵现象,ARC中NPY、POMC基因表达下降,OB-Rb基因表达上升至正常大鼠水平(P>0.05)。结论ASR肥胖及无排卵可能与NPY、POMC基因过表达、OB-RbmRNA数目减少有关,中药可能有调控这些信号肽的表达而发挥减肥及促排卵作用。     

中药外治法治疗急性闭合性软组织损伤处方用药规律分析

目的 分析中药外治法治疗急性闭合性软组织损伤的处方用药规律.方法 采用计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库中中药外治法治疗急性闭合性软组织损伤的随机临床试验,检索时段为2011年1月至2020年11月,采用Excel 2013软件录入及提取数据,采用SPSS 21.0统计学软件对数据进行聚类分析,采用...     

Hepatoprotective potential of Cassia auriculata roots on ethanol and antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental models

Context: Tarvada [Cassia auriculata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae)] is used against liver ailments in Indian folk medicine, but there is a lack of scientific evidence for this traditional claim.

Objective: The present study investigated the protective effect of methanol extract of tarvada (MECA) roots on ethanol and antitubercular drug induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Materials and methods: In the therapeutic model, ethanol (40%, 4?g/kg b.w., p.o.) was administered to rats for 21 days and the intoxicated rats were treated with MECA (300 and 600?mg/kg, b.w.) and silymarin (100?mg/kg, b.w.) for next 7 days. In the prophylactic model, MECA and silymarin were administered simultaneously along with a combination of isoniazid (27?mg/kg, b.w.), rifampicin (54?mg/kg, b.w.) and pyrazinamide (135?mg/kg, b.w.) for 30 days. After the study duration, serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, total protein, albumin were estimated along with hepatic catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver histopathology in each group.

Results: Administration of tarvada root extract significantly (p?p?Discussion and conclusion: Results suggest that tarvada root extract possess potent hepatoprotective activity against ethanol and antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, which could be due to an inhibition of hepatic metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant activity.     

Hydroxysafflor yellow A suppresses liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride with high-fat diet by regulating PPAR-γ/p38 MAPK signaling

Context: One approach to protect against liver fibrosis is the use of herb-derived natural compounds, such as hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA). The antifibrosis effect of HYSA against liver fibrosis has been investigated; however, its mechanisms have not yet been entirely revealed.

Objectives: To study the protective effects of HSYA on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and a high-fat diet (HFD), and to determine the mechanism of action of HSYA.

Materials and methods: CCl₄ and HFD were used to mimic liver fibrosis in rats, and serum biochemical indicators were determined. The antifibrosis effects of HSYA were evaluated and its mechanisms were investigated by histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, real-time-PCR, and western blotting.

Results: HSYA reduced CCl₄- and HFD-mediated liver fibrosis and ameliorated serum biochemical indicator, downregulated the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) (0.31?±?0.03 protein, 0.59?±?0.02 mRNA) and transformin growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (0.81?±?0.02 protein, 0.58?±?0.04 mRNA), and upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) (1.57?±?0.13 protein, 2.48?±?0.19 mRNA) and matrix metallopeptidases-2 (MMP-2) (2.31?±?0.16 protein, 2.79?±?0.22 mRNA) (p?Discussion and conclusion: These data demonstrate a novel role for HSYA in inhibiting CCl₄- and HFD-mediated liver fibrosis, and reveal that PPAR-γ and p38 MAPK signaling play pivotal roles in the prevention of liver fibrosis induced by CCl₄ and HFD.     

A study of Semen Strychni-induced renal injury and herb–herb interaction of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract and/or Rhizoma Ligustici extract on the comparative toxicokinetics of strychnine and brucine in rats

Recently, the renal injury caused by Semen strychni and its major toxic constituents, strychnine and brucine, was reported in many clinical cases. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the renal injury induced by Semen Strychni and the protective effects of Radix Glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma Ligustici. The protective mechanisms were related to the comparative toxicokinetics of strychnine and brucine. Serum and urine uric acid and creatinine were used as renal function markers to evaluate the condition of kidney, and renal injury was directly reflected by histopathological changes. Compared with rats in blank group and protective herb groups, rats in Semen Strychni high-dose group showed significant differences in the results of renal function markers, and various glomerular and tubular degenerations were found in the histopathological study. The decreased AUC (only strychnine) and C_max, the increased T_max by Radix Glycyrrhizae and the decreased T_1/2 by Radix Glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma Ligustici were found in model groups. Results indicated that high dose of Semen Strychni might induce renal injury. Radix Glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma Ligustici might work together and have effects on the elimination of strychnine and brucine. The protective effects of Radix Glycyrrhizae might also be explained by the slow absorption of the alkaloids.     

Anti-inflammatory,expectorant, and antitussive properties of Kyeongok-go in ICR mice

ContextKyeongok-go (KOG) is a traditional mixed herb preparation consisting of Panax ginseng CA Meyer (Araliaceae), Poria cocos Wolf (Polyporaceae), Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertner) Liboschitz ex Steudel (Orobanchaceae), and honey. Various pharmacological effects of KOG are reported, but the efficacy on respiratory diseases has not been evaluated.ObjectiveThe anti-inflammatory, expectorant, and antitussive properties of KOG were examined using animal models of respiratory diseases.Materials and methodsKOG (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) was orally administered to ICR mice (n = 8) once a day for 11 days. Anti-inflammatory effects of vehicle, xylene, KOG and DEXA (1 mg/kg) were determined by monitoring edoema and redness of treated ears, and measuring the relative and absolute weight of each ear. Expectorant properties of vehicle, KOG and AM (250 mg/kg) were evaluated by observing body surface redness, and the amount of mucous secreted by the trachea. The antitussive potential of vehicle, NH₄OH, KOG and TB (50 mg/kg) was evaluated by monitoring changes in the number of coughs (for 6 min).ResultsKOG (400 mg/kg) treated mice showed 31.29% and 30.72% (p < 0.01) decreases in the relative and absolute weights of each ear relative to xylene control mice, 39.06% increases (p < 0.01) in TLF OD values relative to intact vehicle control mice, and 59.53% decrease (p < 0.01) in coughing compared to NH₄OH control mice. Dose-dependent changes were observed in all experimental models.ConclusionsKOG may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of various respiratory diseases, particularly those caused by environmental toxins.