益气活血法对实验性兔急性心肌缺血内皮细胞分泌功能的影响

目的 :观察益气活血法对急性心肌缺血内皮细胞分泌功能的影响。方法 :取健康新西兰兔 4 0只 ,随机分为 5组 ,每组 8只 ;设空白对照组、模型组、活心灵低剂量组、活心灵高剂量组、西药组 ,后 4组在正常饲养的基础上连续分别以生理盐水、活心灵汤 8.5 4 g/ kg、活心灵汤 17.0 8g/ kg、消心痛 2 mg/ kg灌胃 6天 ,于末次给药后 1h,在戊巴比妥钠全身麻醉下 ,结扎4组动物冠状动脉 ,造成心肌缺血动物模型。观察血浆 ET及血清 NO参数。结果 :活心灵低、高剂量组血浆 ET参数较模型组显著下降 (t=- 2 .6 35 1、- 3.2 95 6 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :活心灵汤可显著降低兔急性心肌缺血血浆 ET参数。     

A randomized controlled trial of a new fetal acoustic stimulation test for fetal well-being

OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to determine (1) whether a fetal acoustic stimulation test results in more palpable fetal movement compared with a mock test (control) and (2) whether palpated fetal movements after a fetal acoustic stimulation test are accompanied by a reactive nonstress test.STUDY DESIGN: In a randomized controlled trial we studied women seen in the labor and delivery suite for various indications. Women were excluded for multiple gestation, <31 weeks' gestational age, treatment with magnesium sulfate or narcotics, or ruptured membranes. Informed consent was obtained from eligible women, who were then randomized to a test or control group. We placed an acoustic stimulator on the abdomen of each woman, but only the test group was stimulated. We assessed fetal movement by a grading system: 0 = no fetal movement felt by patient or tester, 1 = fetal movement felt by patient only, 2 = fetal movement felt by tester, 3 = visual movement seen by tester. A positive fetal acoustic stimulation test result was defined as one with any fetal movement felt or seen by the tester (grades 2 or 3). We then performed a nonstress test. We compared rates of a positive fetal acoustic stimulation test in the test and control groups with the χ² test. A p value <0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: We randomized 297 women to the test group and 280 women to the control (mock test) group. Of women tested with the fetal acoustic stimulation test, 81% had fetal movement by palpation or visualization (grades 2 or 3) compared with 19% of the control group (p < 0.0001, odds ratio 19.29, 95% confidence interval 12.42 to 30.07). Of the test group, 283 (95%) had a reactive nonstress test and 14 (5%) had nonreactive tests; the control group had 267 (95%) reactive and 13 (5%) nonreactive nonstress tests. Of 242 patients in the test group with a positive fetal acoustic stimulation test, 236 (98%) had a reactive nonstress test. Of those in the test group with fewer than three contractions per 10 minutes, 164 (89%) had a positive fetal acoustic stimulation test. Of these, 162 (99%) had a reactive nonstress test.CONCLUSION: The fetal acoustic stimulation test evokes significantly more palpated or visualized fetal movement than in controls. Palpated or visualized fetal movement after acoustic stimulation was almost always accompanied by a reactive nonstress test. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;176:1386-8.)     

补肺止嗽胶囊治疗慢性支气管炎肺气虚证53例疗效观察

以补肺止嗽胶囊治疗慢性支气管炎肺气虚证５３例。结果；临床控制８例，显效２２例，好转１８例，无效５例，总有效率为９０。６％，治疗后肺功能检查和血气分析结果与治疗前相比明显改善，有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

心气虚细胞模型的研制

目的探索心气虚细胞模型的制作方法。方法ＮＩＨ小白鼠乳鼠培养心肌细胞用缺氧（１～３小时）再给氧损伤方法研制心气虚细胞水平动物模型。结果培养心肌细胞采用缺氧再给氧损伤后，出现ＬＤＨ和ＣＫ含量增加，ＳＯＤ活性降低，ＭＤＡ含量上升，与对照组比较，差别有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）或高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论根据缺血缺氧是导致心气虚证的重要因素之一，探索采用缺氧再给氧损伤制作离体心气虚细胞模型具有一定的研究价值     

健脾消胀制剂与枸橼酸莫沙必利对胃运动效应的比较

目的比较健脾消胀制剂与枸橼酸莫沙必利对大鼠胃运动效应的异同。方法采用胃饲树脂小球并计数的方法计算胃排空率及采用高灵敏度感应片传感器记录在用不同剂量的健脾消胀制剂以及枸橼酸莫沙必利灌胃前后的胃肠平滑肌运动改变。结果健脾消胀制剂与枸橼酸莫沙必利胃排空率均快于对照组（各组P值均小于0．05），且呈剂量依赖性。两种药物对应剂量组之间无显著差异。健脾消胀制剂30min内使胃运动幅度增强（P〈0．001，P〈0．001，P〈0．01），增强胃运动的效应早于枸橼酸莫沙必利。结论健脾消胀制剂与枸橼酸莫沙必利均能增强胃肠运动，健脾消胀制剂增强胃运动的效应早于枸橼酸莫沙必利。     

Monosynaptic and disynaptic projections from the substantia nigra pars reticulata to the parafascicular thalamic nucleus in the rat

We examined a direct pathway and an indirect pathway via the reticular thalamic nucleus (RT) from the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) to the parafascicular thalamic nucleus (PF) by using anterograde and retrograde tract tracing methods. After biotinylated dextranamine (BDA) injection into the dorsolateral part of the SNr, many labeled fibers and axon terminals were distributed in the ventral part of the RT, as well as in the ventrolateral part of the PF, bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance. After BDA injection into the ventral part of the RT, a plexus of labeled axons was found bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance in the ventrolateral part of the PF. After combined injections of BDA into the dorsolateral part of the SNr and cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) into the ventrolateral part of the PF on the same side, overlapping distribution of BDA-labeled fibers and CTb-labeled neurons was observed in the ventral part of the RT ipsilateral to the injection sites, where the BDA-labeled axon terminals made symmetrical synaptic contacts with soma and dendrites of the CTb-labeled neurons.     

Multiple representations of information in the primary auditory cortex of cats. II. Stability and change in early (<32 ms), rapid components of activity after conditioning with a click conditioned stimulus

Activity was recorded from single units of the A(I) cortex of awake animals to identify early (<32 ms) components of the population response to a 70 dB click and establish if they changed after using the click as a CS for conditioning. A 70 dB hiss was used as a discriminative stimulus. Responses to these stimuli were compared before and after a forward order of pairing that produced conditioning and a backward order of pairing that produced weak sensitization (backward conditioning). Averages of discharges in 2 and 4 ms bins distinguished primary (8-12 ms) from secondary (12-16 ms) temporal components of response to the click, and confirmed that the onset of the response was shorter in A(I) (8 ms, mean of 647 units) than in the adjacent, A(II) cortex (16 ms, mean of 95 units). (All times include a 1.6 ms transmission delay in sound arrival.) Primary and secondary components of A(I) responses to click did not change uniformly after changes in behavioral state, and were affected differently by both conditioning and backward conditioning. The percentage of cells with onsets of response to the click at secondary latencies (and to the hiss at tertiary latencies) increased after backward conditioning but not after conditioning, as did the magnitude of activity in response to the click. (The latter had a lesser degree of increase after conditioning.) The primary response to the click did not show these increases. The non-uniform changes suggested that temporal processing of the click was conducted differently in the 8-12 ms post stimulus period than in the 12-16 ms period. Within the total population of cells, it was possible to identify a small subgroup (13%) of highly auditory-responsive units that showed an increased primary response to the click as a CS selectively after conditioning and not after backward conditioning. The secondary component of response in these cells increased after both conditioning and backward conditioning. The percentages of cells responding to the click and hiss at primary latencies did not change significantly after conditioning, even in the subgroup of highly responsive cells. The results characterize differently timed components of rapid responses to acoustic stimuli in the A(I) cortex, disclose significant temporal differences in primary, secondary and tertiary information processing that affect the representations of the transmitted acoustic message across different behavioral states, and find one representation in a small subgroup of cells that supports the hypothesis that cells of the A(I) cortex have a selectively potentiated response to the CS after conditioning.     

正畸治疗对安氏II~1错畸形患者下颌旋转与移动的影响

目的:探讨正畸治疗对安氏II1错畸形患者下颌旋转与移动的影响。方法:治疗组20例,非正畸治疗组18例。所有患者均无外科手术治疗史、无拔牙史和功能矫治治疗史。通过头颅侧位片采集患者治疗前、治疗后的头影测量数据进行分析。结果:正畸治疗可诱导安氏II1错!畸形患者的下颌垂直向生长和颏点垂直向移位增加。上颌与下颌磨牙的垂直向或向移动与下颌旋转及颏点的水平向移位无关。与对照组相比,两组之间在上颌磨牙的向移动和下颌旋转方面无显著性差异。结论:正畸治疗影响下颌的垂直向生长及颏点的垂直向移动,而对下颌旋转及上颌磨牙的向移动无明显影响。     

L-肉毒碱体外对人精子活率及运动参数的影响

目的：研究L-肉毒碱体外对人精子活率及运动参数的影响，分析L-肉毒碱对维持和提高精子质量的效果，并探讨其在男性不育症治疗中的作用。方法：选取10例精液质量参数正常、健康的生育男性和20例弱精子症不育患者精液，分别加入不同浓度的L-肉毒碱并于37℃孵育，镜检观察精子的形态变化，并采用计算机辅助精液分析系统检测各组精子的活率、活力（a＋b级精子百分率）、前向性（STR）、直线性（LIN）、直线速度（VSL）、曲线速度（VCL）以及平均路径速度（VAP）参数，同时对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果：正常生育男性精子体外加入L-肉毒碱后，可明显减缓精子活率、活力及VSL、VCL以及VAP的下降趋势，且随着L-肉毒碱加入浓度的增加，这种减缓作用增强。但当L-肉毒碱浓度超过1200μmol／L时，减缓作用减小。较为适宜的L-肉毒碱浓度为400μmol／L。弱精子症患者精液体外加入L-肉毒碱浓度在400μmol／L～1200μmol／L、孵育时间为30min～60min时，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P（0．01）地提高体外精子的活率、活力及VSL、VCL以及VAP等参数。体外加入L-肉毒碱，能显著提高固精浆L-肉毒碱水平低下所致弱精症患者精子的活率、活力及运动参数，并可显著减缓正常生育精子活率、活力及运动参数的降低。结论：体外添加适宜浓度的L-肉毒碱，能显著提高因精浆L-肉毒碱水平低下所致弱精症患者精子的活率、活力及运动参数，并可显著减缓正常生育精子活率、活力及运动参数的降低。     

多种工作模式的踝关节活动器的研制

各种原因导致患者长期卧床后将引起严重的并发症:踝关节跖屈畸形。新型踝关节活动器以大扭矩、超低速电机为动力,结合定时控制电路,具有多种工作模式,能使踝关节在被动的情况下背伸20～30°,跖屈40～50°,并能根据患者的个体情况设置不同的运用角度与时间,且能根据需要进行缓慢、连续、往返式运动,这对那些踝关节不能或较难进行主动活动的病人防止踝关节跖屈畸形、踝关节僵硬的及下肢肌肉萎缩有良好的作用。