高体三教授治疗咳嗽经验

高体三教授认为,咳嗽实为太阴病之一,其症状在手太阴肺,病本在足太阴脾。以肝脾肾虚寒为本,木火刑金、湿热痰浊壅肺为标。治当温补脾肾,清疏养肝,宣肺化痰,止咳平喘。用药主张寒热兼施,标本兼顾,使寒药去其标热,热药去其本寒。     

干姜水提物解热镇痛作用的实验研究

目的观察干姜水提物的解热和镇痛作用。方法采用大鼠干酵母致热法,观察干姜水提物的解热作用;应用小鼠醋酸扭体法和小鼠光辐射热甩尾法,观察干姜水提物的镇痛作用。结果干姜水提物低剂量组：随着时间的推移,体温有下降的趋势（F=7.21,P〈0.01）;干姜水提物高剂量组：大鼠在给药后第1小时体温显著降低（P〈0.05）,但给药后第2,3,4小时体温下降不明显（F=1.28,P〉0.05）;吲哚美辛组的大鼠在给药后的第1、2、3、4小时体温均明显降低（F=2.89,P〈0.05）。干姜水提物组明显减少发生醋酸扭体反应的鼠数（P〈0.05）,显著提高小鼠光辐射热甩尾反应的痛阈（P〈0.05）。结论干姜水提物具有解热镇痛作用。     

Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on semen quality

To date, according to the Scopus database, the biological effects of ginger (binominal name: Zingiber officinale), or ginger extracts, and its derived compounds on semen quality and sperm parameters have been revealed in more than 35 original articles. Though, still, there are no collective systematic or narrative discussion and conclusion of this specific research streak. Here, we systematically review and summarise the current link between ginger and its bioactive compounds with semen quality. To achieve this, we searched the central databases (Scopus and PubMed) for original studies, published in English language from August 2004 through February 2019 using the keywords “ginger” versus “sperm” and “semen.” In summary, there is solid evidence that ginger enhances semen quality and improves the main sperm parameters such as concentration, viability, motility and morphology. Such beneficial effects of ginger on semen quality are attributable, at least in part, to increased levels of gonadal hormones, in particular, testosterone and luteinising hormone, decreased oxidative damage to cells, increased production of nitric oxide, hypoglycaemic response of ginger and the presence of valued nutrients in ginger such as manganese. Still, the positive effects of ginger on semen quality require additional approval in men.     

6‐shogaol induces apoptosis and enhances radiosensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is used for a wide array of conditions in traditional medicine in Asia, but little is known about the effect on head and neck cancer. In this study, the effect of two major pharmacologically active compounds of ginger, 6‐gingerol and 6‐shogaol, were studied on head and neck cancer cell lines. Furthermore, experiments in combination with established treatment methods for head and neck cancer were performed. Proliferation assays showed a dose‐dependent reduction of cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the induction of apoptosis. Western blot analysis indicated that the antiapoptotic protein survivin was suppressed after treatment. Although a combination of 6‐shogaol with cisplatin exhibited no synergistic effect, the combination with irradiation showed a synergistic reduction of clonogenic survival. In conclusion, ginger compounds have many noteworthy effects on head and neck cancer cell lines. In particular, the enhancement of radiosensitivity is remarkable.     

小青龙汤联合膀胱经姜疗辨证治疗肺胀外寒内饮临床疗效

目的:以傅汝梅教授论治肺胀学术思想为指导,探讨小青龙汤辨治联合膀胱经姜疗治疗肺胀外寒内饮证的临床疗效及对血清炎症因子的影响。方法:将116例住院患者采用SAS软件生成,随机按住院先后顺序分为对照组和观察组各58例。两组患者均给予控制感染、支气管扩张剂、氧疗、祛痰止咳及对证支持等处理。对照组采用膀胱经姜疗,观察组采用小青龙汤辨治联合膀胱经姜疗;两组疗程均为连续治疗14 d。进行治疗前后慢阻肺患者自我评估测试(CAT),外寒内饮证,6 min步行距离(6 MWD)和BODE指数评分,测量治疗前后血氧分压(PaO_2),二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2),血氧饱和度(SaO_2),第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1),第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%)和第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC%)指标,检测治疗前后血清降钙素原(PCT),白细胞介素-8(IL-8),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)水平。结果:治疗后观察组临床疗效总有效率为96.55%,高于对照组的84.48%(χ~2=4.92,P0.05);治疗后观察组患者CAT,外寒内饮证和BODE指数评分均低于对照组(P0.01),6 MWD距离长于对照组(P0.01);观察组患者PaO_2和SaO_2水平均高于对照组,PaCO_2水平低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者FEV1,FEV1%和FEV1/FVC%水平均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者血清PCT,SAA,IL-8和TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P0.01)。结论:小青龙汤辨治联合膀胱经姜疗治疗肺胀外寒内饮证,能改善患者临床症状,增强肺功能和活动能力,减轻气流受限程度,控制炎症反应,提高临床疗效。     

荆防败毒散加减联合膀胱经姜疗法治疗急性气管-支气管炎所致风寒犯肺证咳嗽

目的:以傅汝梅教授论治"咳嗽"学术思想为指导,探讨荆防败毒散加减联合膀胱经姜疗治疗急性气管-支气管炎所致急性咳嗽(风寒犯肺证)的临床疗效及对炎症因子的影响。方法:选择160例符合要求的患者,按随机数字表法,以就诊先后分为对照组和观察组各80例。两组患者均给予膀胱经姜疗。对照组采用通宣理肺颗粒,9 g/次,3次/d,温开水冲服;观察组内服荆防败毒散加减,1剂/d。两组疗程均连续治疗6 d。记录治疗前后咳嗽症状积分和咳嗽视觉模拟评分(VAS);进行治疗前后风寒袭肺证评分,并记录各主要症状的转归情况;检测治疗前后血清C反应蛋白(CRP),白细胞介素-4(IL-4),IL-6,γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果:观察组临床疗效总有效率为95.95%,高于对照组的84.51%(χ~2=5.435,P0.05);观察组咳嗽疗效总有效率为97.3%,高于对照组的87.32%(χ~2=5.141,P0.05);观察组咳嗽症状积分(日间、夜间和总分),咳嗽VAS评分均低于对照组(P0.01);观察组除鼻塞、发热外,其他风寒犯肺证各症状评分及总分均低于对照组(P0.01);观察组咳嗽,咯痰,流清涕,肢体酸痛消失率均好于对照组(P0.01),恶寒无汗,鼻塞,咽痒,发热消失情况组间比较,差异无统计学意义;观察组患者血清CRP,IL-4,IL-6和TNF-α水平均低于对照组,IFN-γ水平高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:在傅汝梅教授治疗"咳嗽"学术思想的指导下,以膀胱经姜疗外治,采用荆防败毒散加减辨证治疗风寒犯肺型"急支"所致咳嗽,能显著改善咳嗽等症状,提高临床疗效,并具有一定的抗炎作用。     

生姜抗运动病药理作用研究

干姜乙醇提取液(简称姜液)静脉注射,可使家兔皮层脑电图由低幅快波变为高幅慢波;使家兔在体胃运动幅度短暂抑制。姜液对离体大鼠胃底条运动幅度有先兴奋后抑制作用,且抑制胃底条运动频率。姜液致离体豚鼠回肠的收缩效应有快速耐受性,该收缩效应不受六烃季铵、5-羟色胺(5-HT)预处理影响,但可被冷冻、东茛菪碱、吗啡、苯海拉明、异丙嗪及P物质脱敏预处理所抑制。纳络酮可消除吗啡的作用。姜液对离体豚鼠回肠Ach、组胺性量效关系呈现非竞争性拮抗。提示生姜通过P物质介导兴奋M、H_1受体,并对MH_1受体有先兴奋后抑制作用;生姜通过中枢及外周抗胆碱和抗组胺效应而发挥抗运动病作。     

防晕船口服液及抗晕船口服液预防晕船的效果观察

目的 观察自制“抗晕船口服液”及“防晕船口服液”海上预防晕船的效果。方法 在登陆艇上将986名首次出海出现不同程度晕船症状的志愿者分为4组，于开船前半小时分别服用安慰剂(对照组)、防晕口服液(A组)、抗晕口服液(B组)、防晕口服液 抗晕口服液(C组)，记录受试者出现的晕船症状并进行统计学分析。结果 4组均有预防晕船效果，对照组预防晕船作用显著低于其余3组，C组预防晕船作用明显高于A组和B组，各组间副作用无显著差别。各组对低、中敏受试者均有不同程度的抗晕船效果，但对照组明显低于其他各组；在高敏受试者中，对照组无抗晕船效果；在中、高敏受试者中，C组抗晕船的有效率、保护率明显高于A组和B组。结论 抗晕船口服液及防晕船口服液具有明显的预防晕船作用，两者联用效果更佳。