艾灸加鲜姜片治疗化疗性静脉炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨艾炷隔鲜姜片灸外关、阿是穴治疗化疗性静脉炎的效果.方法 选择前臂浅层较粗静脉化疗引起的静脉炎患者80例,接发生静脉炎的先后顺序随机分为治疗组与对照组各40例,治疗组采用艾炷隔鲜姜片灸外关、阿是穴,对照组采用如意金黄散加植物油调匀外敷患处,治疗1疗程后观察其疗效.结果 治疗组总有效率为95%,对照组总有效率为78%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 艾灸虽鲜姜片治疗化疗性静脉炎疗效优于如意金黄散外敷,值得临床推广应用.     

Twenty cases of temporomandibular disorders with warming-needle moxibustion on ginger at Xiàguān (下关ST 7)

Objective

To observe the clinical efficacy of treatment for temporomandibular disorders with warming-needle moxibustion on ginger at Xiàguān (下关ST 7).

Cytotoxicity,Toxicity, and Anticancer Activity of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe Against Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an uncommon adenocarcinoma which arises from the epithelial cells of thebile ducts. The aim of the study was to investigate the cytotoxicity, toxicity, and anticancer activity of a crudeethanolic extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) against CCA. Cytotoxic activity against a CCA cell line(CL-6) was assessed by calcein-AM and Hoechst 33342 assays and anti-oxidant activity was evaluated using theDPPH assay. Investigation of apoptotic activity was performed by DNA fragmentation assay and induction ofgenes that may be involved in the resistance of CCA to anticancer drugs (MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, and MRP3)was examined by real-time PCR. To investigate anti-CCA activity in vivo, a total of 80 OV and nitrosamine (OV/DMN)-induced CCA hamsters were fed with the ginger extract at doses of 1000, 3000, and 5000 mg/kg bodyweight daily or every alternate day for 30 days. Control groups consisting of 10 hamsters for each group werefed with 5-fluorouracil (positive control) or distilled water (untreated control). Median IC50 (concentration thatinhibits cell growth by 50%) values for cytotoxicity and anti-oxidant activities of the crude ethanolic extract ofginger were 10.95, 53.15, and 27.86 μg/ml, respectively. More than ten DNA fragments were visualized and upto 7-9 fold up-regulation of MDR1 and MRP3 genes was observed following exposure to the ethanolic extractof ginger. Acute and subacute toxicity tests indicated absence of any significant toxicity at the maximum dose of5,000 mg/kg body weight given by intragastric gavage. The survival time and survival rate of the CCA-bearinghamsters were significantly prolonged compared to the control group (median of 54 vs 17 weeks). Results fromthese in vitro and in vivo studies thus indicate promising anticancer activity of the crude ethanolic extract ofginger against CCA with the absence of any significant toxicity. Moreover, MDR1 and MRP3 may be involvedin conferring resistance of CCA to the ginger extract.     

Ginger's (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) inhibition of rat colonic adenocarcinoma cells proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro

Ginger's (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) natural bioactives, specifically ginger extract and 6‐gingerol, were measured for their in vitro inhibition of two key aspects of colon cancer biology – cancer cell proliferation and angiogenic potential of endothelial cell tubule formation. Ginger extract was obtained via column distillation, while the 6‐gingerol was purchased from Calbiochem. Antiproliferation activity was assessed through tritiated thymidine ([³H]Tdr) incorporation studies of YYT colon cancer cells; the anti‐angiogenic ability of gingerol was assessed by a Matrigel assays using MS1 endothelial cells. These selected ginger bioactives had: 1) a direct effect on YYT rat cancer cell proliferation (6–1.5% ginger extract; 100–4 µM 6‐gingerol); 2) an indirect effect on MS1 endothelial cell function either at the level of endothelial cell proliferation or through inhibition of MS1 endothelial cell tube formation (100–0.8 µM). Compound 6‐gingerol was most effective at lower doses in inhibiting endothelial cell tube formation. These in vitro studies show that 6‐gingerol has two types of antitumor effects: 1) direct colon cancer cell growth suppression, and 2) inhibition of the blood supply of the tumor via angiogenesis. Further research is warranted to test 6‐gingerol in animal studies as a potential anticancer plant bioactive in the complementary treatment of cancer. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

附子干姜不同药对配伍提取物对小鼠脾细胞增殖的影响

目的:观察四逆汤组方附子和干姜的不同药对配伍提取物对小鼠脾细胞增殖的影响。方法:附子(F)分别与葱白(B)、甘草(C)、猪胆汁(D)、干姜(G)、人参(R)配伍和G分别与B、C、D、R配伍的乙醚、氯仿、水提取物为研究对象,采用小鼠脾细胞为实验模型,MTT法测定细胞内线粒体脱氢酶活性。结果:与对照组比较,乙醚提取物中与附子配伍的FB、FC、FD、FG、FR组均有刺激脾细胞增殖作用(P<0.05,P<0.01),与干姜配伍中只有GR组有刺激脾细胞增殖作用(P<0.05)。氯仿提取物中FG、FR组有刺激脾细胞增殖作用(P<0.05,P<0.01)且刺激作用强于F组(P<0.05)。水提取物中与附子配伍的各组均有刺激脾细胞增殖作用(P<0.05,P<0.01),与干姜配伍各组刺激作用较弱(P<0.05),且FB、FC、FG、FR组刺激作用强于F组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:与附子配伍的药对提取物活性较强,与干姜配伍活性较弱,体现出附子配伍的君药作用。与附子配伍的氯仿、水提取物活性强于附子,揭示药对配伍增效作用。     

生姜油对急性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的:研究生姜油(Ginger oils)对肝脏的保护作用。方法:通过复制四氯化碳和醋氨酚急性肝损伤小鼠模型,观察生姜油的保肝作用。结果:生姜油可显著降低四氯化碳和醋氨酚致小鼠急性肝损伤的ALT和AST水平(P<0.05,P<0.01);并能显著降低小鼠血清和大鼠肝组织的MDA含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),升高小鼠血清和鼠肝组织的SOD活性(P<0.05)。结论:生姜油对四氯化碳和醋氨酚致急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

黄连-干姜有效组分自微乳给药系统的制备与评价

目的 研究黄连-干姜有效组分自微乳给药系统（CoptidisRhizoma-ZingiberisRhizomaeffectivecomponent self-microemulsiondrugdeliverysystem,Cop-Gin-SMEDDS）的处方与制备工艺,并且进行体外质量评价。方法 通过溶解度实验、伪三元相图的绘制和D-最优混料设计确定Cop-Gin-SMEDDS的最佳处方组成;通过单因素考察,确定最佳制备工艺,并对Cop-Gin-SMEDDS理化性质、稳定性、体外释放等进行评价。结果 最终确定Cop-Gin-SMEDDS的最优处方（不含黄连总生物碱）为油酸5%,1,2-丙二醇41%,聚氧乙烯（40）氢化蓖麻油49%,干姜油5%;黄连总生物碱的投药量为5%;最佳制备工艺为在37℃、转速300 r/min条件下磁力搅拌10 min。得到的Cop-Gin-SMEDDS为深红色澄清透明液体,稀释后为黄色、均一透明的微乳溶液;透射电镜下为圆球形,大小均匀,形态规则;平均粒径大小为（22.21±0.45）nm、多分散指数（polydispersity index,PDI）为0.19...     

干姜、生姜及其炮制辅料姜汁的研究进展

系统分析了历年来国内外对干姜、生姜及二者辅料姜汁的研究文献,主要总结出二者在各个方面存在的差异性,为相关实验研究提供参考。查阅历年来在干姜及生姜的来源与产地、化学成分及药理作用还有辅料姜汁方面的研究,比较干姜和生姜在这些方面存在的差异。干姜和生姜不论在采收、来源、化学成分还是药理作用方面都存在一定的差异,两者在使用上需区别对待。生姜和干姜作为炮制辅料,多以姜汁形式对药物进行炮制,二者炮制药物对药效的影响不同,另外作为辅料的姜汁其炮制品种不同,作用效果也有不同,在炮制药物时是要注意选择使用。建议以差异性为突破点,研究姜和姜汁的自差异性和作用差异,为姜的实际使用及临床实验提供选择依据。     

金银花和干姜对小鼠的毒性研究

目的研究寒热属性不同的中药(金银花、干姜)对小鼠的毒性作用。方法将金银花、甘草和干姜的水溶液给予小鼠2周,观察小鼠的生存情况,统计存活小鼠的数量。处死动物,取肝脏、肾脏和心脏组织,测定其中部分元素(锰、铁、铜、锌、镁、钙、磷)的含量变化。结果寒热属性不同的中药对实验动物的毒性作用非常明显,实验小鼠的肝脏、肾脏和心脏组织中,部分元素的含量出现了一定程度的变化,发生在肝脏组织中的元素含量变化最为显著。结论寒热属性不同的中药对小鼠有毒性作用,实验动物的肝脏组织可能是研究不同中药药性的较好的实验材料。     

姜油树脂凝胶抗皮肤癣菌的药效观察

[目的]研究姜油树脂凝胶的抗皮肤癣菌的药效实验。[方法]采用砂纸造模法将须癣毛癣菌接种在豚鼠上,建立动物模型,观察药物对动物皮损的改变及病理改变。[结果]生理盐水组治愈率为0;基质组治愈率为16．7％;达克宁组治愈率为75％;10％姜油树脂凝胶治愈率为75％、15％、20％姜油树脂凝胶治愈率均为100％。[结论]15％、20％的姜油树脂凝胶对须癣毛癣菌所造成的体癣模型有完全治愈的效果。