鲜天麻对睡眠干扰诱导小鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用

目的研究鲜天麻对睡眠干扰(sleep interruption,SI)诱导的小鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用。方法 HPLC法测定鲜天麻中天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇的含量,苯酚硫酸法测定多糖的含量。60只ICR雄鼠随机分为对照组、睡眠干扰模型组、阳性药(莫达非尼)组和鲜天麻低(3 g/kg)、高(9 g/kg)剂量组。睡眠干扰造模14 d后,依次进行自主活动、新物体识别、水迷宫和避暗等动物行为学检测实验,并测定小鼠血清和海马组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平及海马组织乙酰胆碱(Ach)、谷氨酸(Glu)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)水平。结果自主活动实验中,各组小鼠运动功能无显著性差异。与对照组比较,模型组小鼠在新物体识别实验中的相对辨别指数(DI)显著性下降,水迷宫寻台潜伏期明显延长,避暗实验错误次数增加、入暗潜伏期缩短;血清和海马组织MDA水平升高,海马组织的SOD水平降低;海马组织Ach、Glu和NE水平均显著降低。与模型组比较,莫达非尼和鲜天麻各剂量能不同程度增加小鼠新物体识别DI,提高新物体辨别能力;增强空间学习获得和保持能力,缩短水迷宫潜伏期;减少避暗错误次数、延长避暗潜伏期;...     

天麻素对偏头痛患者外周血CGRP、NO和ET-1表达的影响

目的?观察天麻素治疗偏头痛患者的临床疗效及血清中降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP）、一氧化氮（NO）及内皮素-1(ET-1)表达水平的影响。方法?80例偏头痛患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各40例,对照组在抗感染、降压、改善睡眠等常规治疗的基础上加用氟桂利嗪每晚10mg口服,治疗组则在常规治疗的基础上加用天麻素注射液600mg加入0.9%氯化钠溶液250mL静脉滴注。采集治疗前、治疗第10天及35例健康体检者的外周静脉血:①观察2组患者治疗前后VAS评分变化及其治疗有效率;②采用ELISA法检测并比较患者血清中的CGRP、NO及ET-1含量变化。结果?①2组治疗后VAS评分均较治疗前降低,治疗组VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);②治疗前,对照组与治疗组间CGRP、NO及ET-1的表达无明显差异（P＞0.05）,与健康体检者比较,则明显增高（P<0.01）;③治疗第10天,治疗组与对照组CGRP、NO及ET-1的表达较治疗前均下降（P<0.01）,而治疗组较对照组下降明显（P<0.05）。结论?天麻素能明显改善偏头痛患者临床症状,同时降低患者血清CGRP、NO及ET-1表达水平,这可能是天麻素缓解偏头痛症状的可能机制之一。      

天麻改善小鼠睡眠作用及其机制研究

目的探讨天麻对小鼠睡眠的促进作用及其对中枢多巴胺(DA)系统的影响,并进一步研究天麻有效成分天麻素通过影响DA通路发挥作用的机制。方法小鼠随机分为对照组、天麻组、橄榄油组、天麻-橄榄油组及阳性对照艾司唑仑组,每组10只,分别ig给予生理盐水、天麻、橄榄油、天麻-橄榄油和艾司唑仑,连续给药20 d。各组小鼠分别在第7、20天给药30～40 min后ip最大阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠(35 mg/kg),测定睡眠发生率;分别在第8天及第21天ip最小阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠(50mg/kg),检测小鼠睡眠潜伏期和睡眠时长;采用ELISA法测定天麻对小鼠脑组织DA水平的影响;采用q RT-PCR法检测天麻对DA受体各亚型表达的影响;构建DA受体D1、D2诱导表达稳定细胞株,Westernblotting法检测ERK通路相关蛋白的表达水平。结果与对照组比较,天麻给药20 d后小鼠睡眠潜伏期显著缩短,睡眠发生率提高,睡眠时长延长,中枢DA水平显著提高,DA受体各亚型的表达水平显著上调。同时,天麻中有效成分天麻素可激活DA受体D2而不是D1介导的信号通路。结论天麻可能通过上调中枢DA系统活性进而调控睡眠,天麻中有效成分天麻素可能通过D2介导的信号通路发挥作用。     

天麻对心血管及代谢性疾病的作用机制研究进展

中药天麻传统用于神经系统疾病的治疗,然而该药对心血管及代谢性疾病亦具有一定的药理作用。为了拓展天麻的临床价值,从抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤、降血压、保护血管、抗血小板聚集、抗血栓等方面综述天麻及其复方、主要活性成分对心血管疾病的作用和机制,同时综述了天麻对糖尿病、高脂血症等代谢性疾病的作用及相关机制。     

HPLC—DAD法同时测定大川芎复方释药系统中阿魏酸与天麻素的含量

目的利用DAD检测器可同时在线检测多个吸收波长的优势，建立一种可同时测定大川芎复方释药系统中阿魏酸与天麻素含量的反相高效液相色谱法。方法采用OOS一2Hypersil色谱柱（250mm×4．6 into，5μm），以甲醇-1％冰醋酸为流动相，梯度洗脱，流速1 mL／min，柱温25℃，天麻素检测波长270nm，阿魏酸检测波长322nm。结果天麻素与阿魏酸在40min内均能与其他组分实现良好分离，天麻素在0．092～1．840p,g范围内呈现良好的线性关系，r=1.0000；阿魏酸在0．122～2．440μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系，r=1．0000。天麻素加样回收率为99．50％，RSD=1．23％（n=5）；阿魏酸加样回收率为101．5％，RSD=1．52％（n=5）。结论所建立的方法简单、准确可靠，能同时测定大川芎复方释药系统中阿魏酸及天麻素两种有效成分的含量。     

Method development and validation for the high-performance liquid chromatography assay of gastrodin in water extracts from different sources of Gastrodia elata Blume

Gastrodia elata Blume is commonly used as a medical herb in China for ameliorating headaches, dizziness, and convulsions. In previous studies, water extracts of G. elata Bl. (WGE) have demonstrated potential to act as therapeutic agents to improve depression-like symptoms in rats. As gastrodin (GAS) is a major active compound in WGE, its quantitation in WGE is important for quality control. The objective of this study was to develop an optimized and validated reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of GAS in different sources of WGE. We evaluated the GAS content in varieties of G. elata Bl. including G. elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow and G. elata Bl. f. elata. We also evaluated the GAS content of the latter variety from two different origins, Yun-nan and Hu-nan. The results indicate that the amount of GAS analyzed in WGE from G. elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow is five times higher than that of G. elata Bl. f. elata from Yun-nan and Hu-nan. A significant difference in GAS content was observed between varieties of G. elata Bl., although not between locations of origin.     

315例天麻素临床不良反应/事件分析

以患者一般情况、用药情况、不良反应/事件(ADR/ADE)发生时间、临床表现及转归等作为考查项,对重庆市2008年1月—2014年6月天麻素所致的315例ADR/ADE进行回顾性研究,以分析其ADR/ADE发生的特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。结果发现在315例发生ADR/ADE的患者中,男性143例(45.4%),女性172例(54.6%),主要发生于45岁以上年龄段患者(74.9%);60例ADE(19.0%)为超适应证用药引起,66例ADE(21.0%)为超剂量用药引起;静脉滴注致ADR/ADE多发生于30 min内(85.5%),口服给药致ADR/ADE多发生于口服后2 h内(74.4%),肌内注射致ADR/ADE均发生于10 min内。共发生ADR/ADE 593例次,以胃肠系统(30.9%)、皮肤及其附件(26.5%)损害为主,61.9%为新的ADR/ADE。提示医务人员应了解天麻素所致ADR/ADE的规律和特点,临床上规范化应用,并密切关注患者变化,重视ADR/ADE的监测工作,提高用药安全性。     

正交试验优选天麻安神颗粒乙醇提取工艺

目的:优选天麻安神颗粒的乙醇提取工艺。方法:以天麻素、五味子醇甲、钩藤碱总提取量及出膏率为综合评价指标,通过L9(34)正交试验考察乙醇体积分数、乙醇用量、提取时间及提取次数对天麻安神颗粒醇提工艺的影响。采用HPLC测定3种指标成分的含量,天麻素流动相乙腈-0.05%磷酸(3∶97),检测波长220 nm;五味子醇甲和钩藤碱流动相乙腈-0.001%三乙胺(45∶55),检测波长250 nm。结果:最佳提取工艺为加6倍量50%乙醇提取3次,每次1 h。天麻素、五味子醇甲、钩藤碱提取量分别为2.69,1.47,0.18 mg·g-1,干膏率22.64%。结论:优选的醇提工艺稳定可行,适用于天麻安神颗粒的工业化生产。     

Gastrodin improves cognitive dysfunction and decreases oxidative stress in vascular dementia rats induced by chronic ischemia

Objective: To study the potential protective effects of gastrodin on reducing tissue oxidative stress and attenuating cognitive deficits in vascular dementia induced by cerebral chronic hyperfusion. To explore the detailed molecular mechanisms. Methods: 6 to 8 week old male Wistar rats were adopted as experimental animals. Animals were divided into the following groups: Group 1 (sham group with no occlusion), Group 2 (control group with 2VO procedure), Group 3 (sham group with gastrodin administration), Group 4 (2VO group with gastrodin administration). Morris water maze (MWM) test was adopted to test the learning and memory function of rats within different groups. MDA, glutathione peroxidase and total thiol assessment was done to reflect the oxidative stress in the brain tissue. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometry (FCM) were performed to examine the cell viability and apoptosis rate of SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide and rescued by gastrodin treatments. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was determined by the 2’, 7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. qPCR and Western blot (WB) were adopted to detect the molecular mechanisms related to the anti-apoptosis and ROS scavenging effects of gastrodin. Results: Our results indicated an obvious protective effect of gastrodin on vascular dementia induced brain ischemia. Administration of gastrodin could improve the impaired learning and memory function induced by 2VO procedure in rats. The levels of MDA were partially decreased by the administration of gastrodin. The levels of glutathione peroxidase and total thiol were partially restored by the administration of gastrodin. Cell viability was improved by gastrodin in a dose-dependent pattern on SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (P < 0.05). Cell apoptosis rate was reduced by gastrodin in a dose-dependent pattern on SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (P < 0.05). Gastrodin could scavenge ROS generation induced by pre-treatment of hydrogen peroxide. Both qPCR and WB results showed significant enhancements on the expression levels of NFE2L2, ADH7, GPX2 and GPX3 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Gastrodin administration is protective on the learning and memory functions that might be affected by vascular dementia induced oxidative stress due to brain ischemia. On the molecular level, NFE2L2, ADH7, GPX2 and GPX3 were up regulated by gastrodin.     

天钩降压胶囊中天麻苷、丹皮酚在大鼠离体小肠的吸收动力学

目的:研究天钩降压胶囊中有效成分的大鼠离体小肠吸收动力学.方法:采用外翻肠囊法,用HPLC测定不同取样时间肠内液天麻苷、丹皮酚的含量,计算累计吸收量,以天麻苷、丹皮酚的累计吸收量对时间作线性回归分析,计算吸收动力学参数.结果:天麻苷回归方程为y =0.000 6X -0.012 8(r=0.993 0),Ka =6.0 × 10-5μg·min-1·cm-2,t1/2=1.16×104h;丹皮酚回归方程为Y=0.00068X+0.001 1(r=0.9835),Ka =6.8 ×10-5 μg·min -·cm-2,t1/2=1.02 ×104 h.结论:天钩降压胶囊中天麻苷、丹皮酚在大鼠离体小肠的吸收为一级动力学过程.