全文获取类型
收费全文 | 217596篇 |
免费 | 29330篇 |
国内免费 | 7541篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1710篇 |
儿科学 | 1698篇 |
妇产科学 | 5169篇 |
基础医学 | 15705篇 |
口腔科学 | 2187篇 |
临床医学 | 17531篇 |
内科学 | 22649篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1378篇 |
神经病学 | 1228篇 |
特种医学 | 6251篇 |
外国民族医学 | 270篇 |
外科学 | 30787篇 |
综合类 | 28655篇 |
现状与发展 | 39篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 10474篇 |
眼科学 | 122篇 |
药学 | 15461篇 |
146篇 | |
中国医学 | 5703篇 |
肿瘤学 | 87301篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 694篇 |
2023年 | 4576篇 |
2022年 | 8934篇 |
2021年 | 11589篇 |
2020年 | 10839篇 |
2019年 | 9726篇 |
2018年 | 9325篇 |
2017年 | 9822篇 |
2016年 | 10561篇 |
2015年 | 12235篇 |
2014年 | 17562篇 |
2013年 | 17592篇 |
2012年 | 14065篇 |
2011年 | 14322篇 |
2010年 | 10445篇 |
2009年 | 10621篇 |
2008年 | 10968篇 |
2007年 | 10419篇 |
2006年 | 9119篇 |
2005年 | 7535篇 |
2004年 | 6238篇 |
2003年 | 5197篇 |
2002年 | 4444篇 |
2001年 | 4117篇 |
2000年 | 3501篇 |
1999年 | 2925篇 |
1998年 | 2465篇 |
1997年 | 2174篇 |
1996年 | 1806篇 |
1995年 | 1728篇 |
1994年 | 1437篇 |
1993年 | 1090篇 |
1992年 | 947篇 |
1991年 | 886篇 |
1990年 | 670篇 |
1989年 | 616篇 |
1988年 | 522篇 |
1987年 | 434篇 |
1986年 | 311篇 |
1985年 | 401篇 |
1984年 | 343篇 |
1983年 | 220篇 |
1982年 | 227篇 |
1981年 | 206篇 |
1980年 | 186篇 |
1979年 | 123篇 |
1978年 | 82篇 |
1977年 | 74篇 |
1976年 | 65篇 |
1975年 | 41篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
881.
Siblings of a child with cancer 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Summary A total of 21 healthy siblings were interviewed about their experiences when a brother or sister is diagnosed with cancer. Information about the illness, opinions about who should inform siblings, social support, specific worries and worst memories were studied, as well as perceptions of any differences in the way they were treated by their parents. A short General Impact Scale was developed to assess the extent to which the siblings felt their lives had been disrupted by the illness. Results on these measures were compared with scores on four dimensions of the Sibling Perception Questionnaire (Carpenter & Sahler 1991). Siblings who reported some positive effects as a consequence of the illness (they had become more empathic toward others, or valued life more) perceived their interpersonal relations to be more negatively affected, i.e. there were greater difficulties in their relationships with others especially their parents. Higher scores on communication were related to less of an impact of the illness on life generally. However, these siblings also reported heightened concerns that their brother or sister might die. The data suggested that siblings should have opportunities to talk about implications of the disease, especially worries about death, and more efforts should be made to prepare siblings for visits to hospital and seeing the sick child. 相似文献
882.
Xianghua Zhang Fumio Tsukuda Norihito Yamamoto Ikumasa Takenaka 《International journal of urology》1997,4(5):519-521
Brain metastases from prostate cancer are rare in postmortem examinations, and even rarer in clinical series. We report an unusual case of brain metastasis from prostate cancer confirmed by antemortem diagnosis in a 72-year-old man. The metastatic brain tumor was surgically resected and the patient was kept stable for more than 19 months after diagnosis of the brain metastasis. 相似文献
883.
Isao Kurosaki Kazuhiro Tsukada Hidenori Ueki Akira Ohya Katsuyoshi Hatakeyama 《Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery》1997,4(1):131-134
We report a case of advanced gallbladder cancer in a 37-year-old man who presented in June 1993 with malignant obstructive jaundice. After percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and several diagnostic imaging examinations, the patient underwent laparotomy under a diagnosis of extremely advanced gallbladder cancer involving the confluence of the hepatic ducts. The tumor, however, was judged to be unresectable because of its massive spread into the liver along Glisson's sheath, and because of histologically proven peritoneal dissemination. After exploratory laparotomy, one course of anticancer chemotherapy (cisplatin, 100 mg/body IV, on day 1, and 5-fluorouracil, 1000 mg/body, on days 1–5, by continuous infusion) was administered and the completely obstructed hepatic duct was dramatically re-canalized. Four courses of chemotherapy were administered over a 16-month period until jaundice recurred. For these 16 months, the patient's quality of life was well maintained without biliary drainage. He died of increased peritoneal dissemination approximately 2 years after the first course of anticancer chemotherapy. 相似文献
884.
Kazuro Sugi Kouichi Nawata Kazuhiro Ueda Yoshikazu Kaneda Sumihiko Nawata Atsunori Oga Kensuke Esato 《Surgery today》1997,27(7):666-668
We report herein the case of a 70-year-old man in whom a chest wall implantation of adenocarcinoma of the lung at the drainage
tube site was found 4 months after a right lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection had been performed for adenocarcinoma
of the right lower lobe. The lesion was successfully treated by tumor extirpation. We believe that tumor seeding to the chest
wall occurred at the time of thoracotomy. To prevent such tumor seeding, the pleural cavity should be washed out routinely
with a massive volume of physiological saline solution prior to closure of the chest wall. 相似文献
885.
L. Simonato J. J. Moulin B. Javelaud G. Ferro P. Wild R. Winkelmann R. Saracci 《American journal of industrial medicine》1994,25(5):625-633
A historical mortality study of a cohort of employees of a gold mining and refining company was carried out in Salsigne, France. A major goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between lung cancer mortality and exposure to arsenic, radon, silica, and other contaminants of the working environment. A twofold excess of lung cancer was found both among miners and smelters, mainly concentrated among workers who had experienced exposure to past levels of arsenic, radon, and silica. The consistency of the results in the mine and the refinery are suggestive of a carcinogenic risk from both soluble and insoluble arsenic, although the potential role of other factors cannot be dismissed. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
886.
门脉高压性胃粘膜损害出血的细胞动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
探讨肝硬变门脉高压性胃粘膜损害出血的机制。应用放射自显影技术观察肝硬变门脉高压大鼠在饥饿12-36h后的胃粘膜上皮细胞标记指数变化及其与胃粘膜出血的关系。结果:1;LC-PHT鼠平均LI氏于对照,出血灶局部2LI低于周围相对正常粘膜。2.随饥饿持续时间延长LI呈降低趋势,而出血率及严重程度呈增加趋势,尤以严重程度增加为著。3.当出血为0-3级时与LI呈显著负相关;为3-4级时两者间呈正相关但未达显 相似文献
887.
作者对10例原发性贲门失弛级症进行手术治疗.采用Heller术8例,食管下段贲门切除术3例,其中再手术3例,附加幽门成形术4例。本组资料表明,Olsen分期Ⅰ~Ⅲ期行Heller术效果满意,不需附加手术,Ⅲ期需行食管下段贲门切除术。作者对手术方法、手术径路、附加手术与手术效果的关系等进行探讨。 相似文献
888.
Nihal Altan Yu Chen Melvin Schindler Sanford M. Simon 《The Journal of experimental medicine》1998,187(10):1583-1598
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant problem in the treatment of cancer. Chemotherapeutic drugs distribute through the cyto- and nucleoplasm of drug-sensitive cells but are excluded from the nucleus in drug-resistant cells, concentrating in cytoplasmic organelles. Weak base chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., anthracyclines and vinca alkaloids) should concentrate in acidic organelles. This report presents a quantification of the pH for identified compartments of the MCF-7 human breast tumor cell line and demonstrates that (a) the chemotherapeutic Adriamycin concentrates in acidified organelles of drug-resistant but not drug-sensitive cells; (b) the lysosomes and recycling endosomes are not acidified in drug-sensitive cells; (c) the cytosol of drug-sensitive cells is 0.4 pH units more acidic than the cytosol of resistant cells; and (d) disrupting the acidification of the organelles of resistant cells with monensin, bafilomycin A1, or concanamycin A is sufficient to change the Adriamycin distribution to that found in drug-sensitive cells, rendering the cell vulnerable once again to chemotherapy. These results suggest that acidification of organelles is causally related to drug resistance and is consistent with the hypothesis that sequestration of drugs in acidic organelles and subsequent extrusion from the cell through the secretory pathways contribute to chemotherapeutic resistance. 相似文献
889.
《Pathology international》1997,47(11):809-811
The Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology have developed recommendations for the surgical pathology reporting of common malignant tumors. The recommendations for carcinoma of the larynx are reported herein. 相似文献
890.
Carol A. Sawka Kathleen I. Pritchard Wendy Shelley Gerrit DeBoer Alexander H.G. Paterson J. William Meakin Donald J.A. Sutherland 《Breast cancer research and treatment》1997,43(3):211-215
Background: The outcome of breast cancer is usuallydetermined by multiple factors. Serum tumor necrosis factoralpha concentration has been found to be increasedin the circulation of patients with malignancy. Thisstudy was designed with the aim to investigateany correlation between the serum tumor necrosis factoralpha and the clinicopathological fetures and furthermore evaluatethe prognostic significance of serum tumor necrosis factoralpha concentration in breast cancer. Methods: Forty consecutivepatients with invasive breast cancer undergoing modified radicalmastectomy were prospectively included and evaluated. Venous bloodsamples were collected before the surgery. Sera wereobtained by centrifugation, and stored at – 70°C until assayed. The control group consisted 30healthy, age-matched subjects. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosisfactor alpha were measured by the quantitative sandwichenzyme immunoassay technique. The data on tumor size,age, estrogen receptor status, lymph node status andTNM staging were reviewed and recorded.Results: The mean value of serum tumor necrosis factor alphain patients with invasive breast cancer was 1.47± 0.58 pg/ml and that of the controlgroup was 0.98 ± 0.37 pg/ml, and thedifference was significant (P < 0.01). With univariableanalysis, patients with maximum tumor size of 5cm or larger (P=0.03), more advancedTNM staging (P < 0.01); and more advancedlymph node status (P < 0.01) were shownto have significantly higher serum concentrations of tumornecrosis factor alpha. However, with multivariable analysis, TNMstaging appeared as the only independent factor (P< 0.01) predicting the significant, higher serum concentrationsof tumor necrosis factor alpha. Conclusion: Preoperative evaluationof serum tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations maybe a valuable parameter for reflecting the severityof staging for invasive breast cancer. 相似文献