羊脂油对淫羊藿活性黄酮自组装胶束模拟形成的影响

该文通过模拟人体内环境,研究羊脂油作用下淫羊藿活性黄酮自组装胶束的模拟形成,同时研究了不同产地(青海、江苏、安徽)、不同来源(山羊和绵羊)、不同部位(肚子油和尾巴油)的12批羊脂油以及羊脂油中主要脂肪酸类成分(硬脂酸、棕榈酸、油酸)对淫羊藿活性黄酮自组装胶束形成的影响。结果表明在羊脂油作用下,模拟形成的胶束呈分散状态,类球形且表面光滑。以粒径、电位、包封率、载药量等为指标对制得的胶束进行考察,发现产地为青海的绵羊制得的胶束较稳定,包封率较高。羊脂油中3种主要脂肪酸类成分能促进淫羊藿活性黄酮自组装胶束的形成,但羊脂油整体作用效果更好。以上研究证实羊脂油促进了淫羊藿活性黄酮自组装胶束的模拟形成,为进一步研究其作为淫羊藿炮制辅料的增效作用,促进淫羊藿活性黄酮的吸收奠定了基础。     

Extracting drug–drug interactions from literature using a rich feature-based linear kernel approach

Identifying unknown drug interactions is of great benefit in the early detection of adverse drug reactions. Despite existence of several resources for drug–drug interaction (DDI) information, the wealth of such information is buried in a body of unstructured medical text which is growing exponentially. This calls for developing text mining techniques for identifying DDIs. The state-of-the-art DDI extraction methods use Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with non-linear composite kernels to explore diverse contexts in literature. While computationally less expensive, linear kernel-based systems have not achieved a comparable performance in DDI extraction tasks. In this work, we propose an efficient and scalable system using a linear kernel to identify DDI information. The proposed approach consists of two steps: identifying DDIs and assigning one of four different DDI types to the predicted drug pairs. We demonstrate that when equipped with a rich set of lexical and syntactic features, a linear SVM classifier is able to achieve a competitive performance in detecting DDIs. In addition, the one-against-one strategy proves vital for addressing an imbalance issue in DDI type classification. Applied to the DDIExtraction 2013 corpus, our system achieves an F1 score of 0.670, as compared to 0.651 and 0.609 reported by the top two participating teams in the DDIExtraction 2013 challenge, both based on non-linear kernel methods.     

Initial severity-dependent longitudinal model with application to a randomized controlled trial of women with depression

The assessment of initial severity of a disease is arguably one of the most important factors in identifying appropriate therapies. In this paper, we propose an initial severity-dependent longitudinal model to account for the influence of the initial severity of a disease on the posttreatment severity and the efficacy of medical treatments. The proposed model has the flexibility of nonparametric modeling, as it allows coefficients to vary with the initial severity of the disease. It also provides attractive and practical patient-specific interpretation of initial severity-dependent coefficients. As a result, the proposed model enables patient-specific modeling and treatment recommendations consistent with the assessment of the patient's initial severity, and thus, it can be used as a decision support tool for clinicians. A new empirical likelihood approach is employed for efficient estimation and statistical inference about the initial severity-dependent coefficients. In contrast to the literature on marginal regression models, the proposed estimation procedure allows nuisance parameters associated with the working correlation matrix and the error variances to vary smoothly with the initial severity. The effectiveness of the proposed procedure is demonstrated via simulation studies. We further apply the proposed method by analyzing a data set arising from a randomized controlled trial of women with depression and discover an interesting phenomenon; antidepressant medication intervention is effective for patients with moderate or severe depression, whereas psychotherapy intervention using manual-guided cognitive behavior therapy is effective for patients with a severe case of depression.     

无腺体棉籽仁的营养价值—棉籽仁营养成分、棉酚含量、氨基酸利用率

<正> 无腺体棉籽仁蛋白质含量丰富,不含色素腺体,不含或含有很少量的棉酚,因此提油后的饼粕或棉籽仁粉很可能成为动物饲料和人类食品中一种有营养价值的蛋白质来源。从七十年代起,我国棉花育种工作者开始了自己的无腺体棉育种工作并已育出适合我国自然条件的无腺体棉品种,有些品种已开始示范、推广种植。为了使无腺体棉籽及其产品在饲料和食品工业中得到充分利用,促进无腺体棉花品种的培育和推广,我们对本国培育的主要无腺体棉品种的籽仁营养价值进行了初步研究。     

A Kernel Based Unconditionally Stable Scheme for Nonlinear Parabolic Partial Differential Equations

In this paper, a class of high order numerical schemes is proposed to solve the nonlinear parabolic equations with variable coefficients. This method is based on our previous work [11] for convection-diffusion equations, which relies on a special kernel-based formulation of the solutions and successive convolution. However, disadvantages appear when we extend the previous method to our equations, such as inefficient choice of parameters and unprovable stability for high-dimensional problems. To overcome these difficulties, a new kernel-based formulation is designed to approach the spatial derivatives. It maintains the good properties of the original one, including the high order accuracy and unconditionally stable for one-dimensional problems, hence allowing much larger time step evolution compared with other explicit schemes. In addition, without extra computational cost, the proposed scheme can enlarge the available interval of the special parameter in the formulation, leading to less errors and higher efficiency. Moreover, theoretical investigations indicate that it is unconditionally stable for multi-dimensional problems as well. We present numerical tests for one- and two-dimensional scalar and system, demonstrating the designed high order accuracy and unconditionally stable property of the scheme.     

中国甲状腺癌发病趋势分析与预测

目的:分析2003-2017年我国患甲状腺癌的不同群体的发病率情况,采用KELM-SVR耦合模型建模并对2018-2022年甲状腺癌发病率进行预测,为甲状腺癌防治提供有益补充。方法:收集2003-2017年全国总体、男性、女性、城市及农村人口的甲状腺癌发病率,建立KELM、SVR、KELM-SVR耦合模型,以MRE为准则,选择精度最高的KELM-SVR耦合模型对2018-2022年不同甲状腺癌发病率进行预测。结果:KELM-SVR耦合模型在五种不同甲状腺癌发病率的预测中均优于KELM、SVR模型,KELM、SVR、KELM-SVR模型的平均MRE分别为:7.58%、6.59%、5.74%,2018-2022年我国总体甲状腺癌发病率分别为:17.07/10万、18.40/10万、19.80/10万、21.23/10万、22.71/10万。结论:甲状腺癌发病率处于稳定上升趋势,其中女性及城市人口甲状腺癌发病率最高,KELM-SVR耦合模型可提高单模型的预测精度,对预测多种甲状腺癌发病率提供稳定可靠的方法。     

桃红四物汤联合地屈孕酮片预防子宫内膜息肉宫腔镜治疗后复发效果观察

目的 探讨桃红四物汤联合地屈孕酮片预防子宫内膜息肉(EMP)宫腔镜治疗后复发疗效。方法 选择EMP宫腔镜治疗后患者225例,采用SAS程序随机分为观察组1、观察组2和对照组,每组各75例。对照组单纯宫腔镜手术治疗;观察组1宫腔镜术后给予地屈孕酮片于月经周期的第14至25天口服,每日口服地屈孕酮1片,疗程3 个月,观察组2宫腔镜术后给予桃红四物汤联合地屈孕酮片口服,月经周期的第14至25天,疗程3 个月,比较3组子宫内膜厚度(ET)及子宫内膜息肉复发率(RROEP)。结果 观察组1和观察组2复发率分别为5.3%和1.3%,对照组复发率为13.3%,3组比较差异有显著性(p<0.01);3组子宫内膜厚度比较,术后12月差异有显著性(p<0.01),术后24月差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 桃红四物汤联合地屈孕酮片可使ET变薄,显著减少RROEP。     

瘢痕内核切除术联合 A 型肉毒毒素注射及浅层 X 线放疗治疗瘢痕疙瘩的效果

目的 探究瘢痕内核切除术联合A型肉毒毒素注射及浅层X线放疗在瘢痕疙瘩治疗中的应用效 果。方法 选择2021年6月-2022年1月遵义医科大学附属医美容皮肤科收治的51例瘢痕疙瘩患者为研究对 象,采用随机数字表法分为A组、B组、C组,每组17例。A组使用瘢痕内核切除术联合A型肉毒毒素治 疗,B组使用瘢痕内核切除术联合浅层X线放疗治疗,C组使用瘢痕内核切除术联合注射用A型肉毒毒素 及浅院层X线放疗治疗,比较三组瘢痕情况、临床疗效及生活质量。结果 C组治疗后VSS评分、VAS评 分均低于A组、B组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;C组治疗总有效率高于A组、B组,差异有统计学 意义（P＜0.05）;C组生活质量各维度评分均高于A组、B组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 瘢痕 内核切除术联合A型肉毒毒素注射及浅层X线放疗在瘢痕疙瘩治疗中的应用效果良好,可有效改善瘢痕情 况,提高患者的生活质量,值得临床应用。     

Smoothed time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve for right censored survival data

The prediction reliability is of primary concern in many clinical studies when the objective is to develop new predictive models or improve existing risk scores. In fact, before using a model in any clinical decision making, it is very important to check its ability to discriminate between subjects who are at risk of, for example, developing certain disease in a near future from those who will not. To that end, the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is the most commonly used method in practice. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature to estimate the ROC nonparametrically in the context of survival data. But, except one recent approach, all the existing methods provide a nonsmooth ROC estimator whereas, by definition, the ROC curve is smooth. In this article we propose and study a new nonparametric smooth ROC estimator based on a weighted kernel smoother. More precisely, our approach relies on a well-known kernel method used to estimate cumulative distribution functions of random variables with bounded supports. We derived some asymptotic properties for the proposed estimator. As bandwidth is the main parameter to be set, we present and study different methods to appropriately select one. A simulation study is conducted, under different scenarios, to prove the consistency of the proposed method and to compare its finite sample performance with a competitor. The results show that the proposed method performs better and appear to be quite robust to bandwidth choice. As for inference purposes, our results also reveal the good performances of a proposed nonparametric bootstrap procedure. Furthermore, we illustrate the method using a real data example.     

Acceptability of Reduced-Fat and Fried-Food-Free Menu in Self-Service Restaurant

The main purpose of this study was to determine how the reduction of fat content in meals affects food acceptability in a self-service restaurant. Technical Preparation Files and combined ovens were used to modify the menu. The 14-month trial was divided in two phases, in which 75 clients evaluated the menu, without knowing the changes. Flavor, texture, appearance and global quality were measured using a 7-point hedonic scale. Principal and Hierarchical Factor Analysis as well as Fischer-test (? = .05) were used to test differences in acceptance proportion. The reduction of added fat (up to 2%) and the removal of fried food resulted in an equivalent/higher acceptance (from 71 ± 8 to 86 ± 7), whereas the rejection proportion decreased. The mean acceptance score, in both phases, was satisfactory for all dishes. Hence, it was concluded that the reduction of added fat and the use of combined ovens resulted in a better acceptance of the menu.