Lessac-Madsen共鸣嗓音疗法对声带良性增生性病变患者术后嗓音功能的影响

目的 探讨Lessac-Madsen共鸣嗓音疗法(LMRVT)对支撑喉镜显微镜下声带良性增生性病变切除术后患者嗓音功能的疗效.方法 选取声带良性增生性病变且行喉显微手术后1个月的患者64例,随机分为LMRVT组(32例)和仅手术组(32例),LMRVT组接受为期2个月的Lessac-Madsen共鸣嗓音疗法,仅手术组不...     

上颌可摘局部义齿戴用前后语音效果对比研究

目的：研究戴用上颌复杂可摘局部义齿对汉语单元音共振峰参数的影响。方法：上颌牙列缺损患者可摘局部义齿戴用前后进行6个单元音的检测并对其前3个共振峰（F）参数进行分析。结果：戴牙后āF1、ēF1下降,ōF1、ēF2、ēF3、īF1、ūFl、ūF2、ǖF2升高。结论：可摘局部义齿修复后,患者的语音功能发生较大变化使用Vsgg语音信号处理系统及Matlab分析程序,能客观地反映语音变化情况,为语音功能的临床评价提供依据。     

语音训练在腭裂术后患者语音恢复中的价值

为探讨语音训练在腭裂术后患者语音恢复中的作用,本研究应用计算机语音信号分析系统对经语音训练的26例腭裂术后患者进行单元音头三个共振峰频率测试,语音训练重点对唇的协调性,舌的灵活性及下颌运动的准确性训练、结果表明,腭咽闭合完全者经语音训练代偿性不良习惯已基本矫正,语音清晰度显著提高。本文指出腭裂术后患者必须在腭咽闭合的基础上,语音训练才能打破异常的神经─肌肉模式,矫正代偿性不良发音习惯,获得清晰准确的语音。     

腭裂语音元音共振峰特点的分析

目的　了解腭裂术后患者语音矫治后元音发音的改变,明确语音矫治对腭裂患者语音改善的重要性。方法　应用VS-99语音工作站对10例健康儿童、未进行语音训练的33例腭裂术后患者及16例语音矫治后患者的4个单元音[a]、[e]、[i]、[u]发音进行语音分析。结果　①元音[a]前3个共振峰频率(F1,F2,F3)平均值,3组间无显著件差异(P>0.05)。②元音[e]的F1,F2,F3平均值,语音矫治前组与对照组,矫治前组与矫治后组比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.05);而矫治后组与对照组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。③元音[i]的F1,F2,F3平均值,矫治前组与矫治后组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),矫治后组与对照组比较F2、F3有显著性差异(P<0·05)。④元音[u] 的F1,F2,F3平均值,矫治前组与矫治后组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),其他各组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论　腭裂修复术可使患者达到解剖结构上的正常或接近正常,但未达到完善的腭咽闭合,因而需要语音矫治与训练;语音矫治后患者语音有明显改善;通过语音频谱的分析,可为语音矫治提供依据。     

Development of the Mandarin speech banana

Abstract

Purpose: For Indo-European languages, “speech banana” is widely used to verify the benefits of hearing aids and cochlear implants. As a standardised “Mandarin speech banana” is not available, clinicians in China typically use a non-Mandarin speech banana. However, as Chinese is logographic and tonal, using a non-Mandarin speech banana is inappropriate. This paper was designed to develop the Mandarin speech banana according to the Mandarin phonetic properties.

Method: In the first experiment, 14 participants read aloud the standard Mandarin initials and finals. For each pronounced sound, its formants were measured. The boundary of all formants formed the formant graph (intensity versus frequency). In the second experiment, 20 participants listened to a list of pre-recorded initials and finals that had been filtered with different bandwidths. The minimum bandwidth to recognise a target sound defined its location on the formant graph.

Result: The Mandarin speech banana was generated with recognisable initials and finals on the formant graph. Tone affected the shape of the formant graph, especially at low frequencies.

Conclusion: Clinicians can use the new M andarin speech banana to counsel patients about what sounds are inaudible to them. Speech training can be implemented based on the unheard sounds in the speech banana.     

Furlow反向双Z腭成形术的临床特征及语音评价

对42例行反向双Z腭成形术的复诊患者和10例正常儿童进行主观语音清晰度评定并借助计算机语音信号分析系统测试其反映声道形态特征的各单元音头三个共振峰频率,结果表明,83.3％复诊患者的语音清晰度为89.16％,其各单元音共振峰模式与正常对照组类似(P>0.05);讨论了Furlow反向双Z腭成形术的临床特征及存在问题,从声学角度论证了Furlow反向双Z腭成形术是目前理想的更符合解剖形态与生理功能协调性修复概念的新术式。     

Vowel features in Turkish accented English

The present study quantified the amount of accent in English vowels produced by native adult Turkish speakers. Vowels that are present in both Turkish and English (close vowels) were compared with those that are present only in English (distant vowels). The first two formant frequencies (F1 and F2) were obtained from the 11 English monophthong vowels (/i, i, e, ε, æ, Λ, u, , o, , /) produced by 20 Turkish-accented English (TE) (10 males and 10 females) bilinguals and 20 native American English (AE) speakers. Euclidean distance (ED) was used to measure the separation between the corresponding TE and AE vowels. Perceptual experiment was also carried out to assess the amount of accent in the English produced by Turkish speakers as perceived by native monolingual English speakers. F1 and F2 values revealed that TE speakers generally were able to produce close and distant vowels comparably, with considerable amount of deviation from AE speakers. ED values for close and distant vowels were not significantly different. The amount of perceived accent indicated the precision of vowel production and was found to directly correlate with the acoustic findings.     

悬雍垂腭咽成形术对嗓音的影响

目的:探讨悬雍垂腭咽成形术(uvulopalatopharyngoplasty,UPPP)对嗓音的影响。方法:对42例诊断阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的患者在UPPP术前和术后1周,1、3个月时分别应用针对嗓音相关的主观调查问卷和电子计算机语音分析系统采集声学样本进行客观统计分析。结果:(1)患者调查问卷结果显示,42例患者中10例(23.8%)出现短时间的轻度腭咽闭合功能不全所致的鼻腔返流现象,15例(35.7%)患者发声有轻度鼻音增高,均于术后1周左右消失。1例歌唱爱好者诉唱高音区时较前感到吃力并高音有所降低。总体患者噪音障碍指数(VHI)量表和噪音相关生活质量(V-RQOL)量表评估值及鼻音问卷于术后1、3个月时无明显变化(均P>0.05)。(2)电子计算机语音分析术前与术后[a]、[i]、[u]、[ai]、[o]5个元音的声学参数结果显示,各元音基频(F0)经配对t检验显示差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);[ai]、[o]元音共振峰各峰值无变化(P>0.05),[a]元音、[u]元音第三、四共振峰有变化:术后1个月和3个月峰值均低于术前(P<0.01),[i]元音第三共振峰降低,第四共振峰增高,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:UPPP后患者对嗓音的主观心理听觉评估无明显变化;在客观声学检测各参数中仅[a]、[u]、[i]元音共振峰第三、四共振峰有变化。UPPP对嗓音有轻微影响。     

咽成形术语音特点的研究

目的 应用计算机语音分析系统研究咽成形术的语音学特点.方法 应用计算机语音工作站,对45例腭裂患者术前和术后语音学特点进行了分析,并与42名健康成年人的语音特点进行了对照研究.结论 咽成形术术前患者语音与术后对比:频谱谱纹散乱,着色浅,出现高频区谱纹加深.提取/a//i//u/3个元音进行共振峰的分析,发现所有腭裂患者的元音频谱上在低频区均有固定的额外共振峰.结论咽成形术对实现完善的腭咽闭合具有重要意义.