腭裂畸形程度对腭裂语音影响的研究

目的研究腭裂畸形程度与腭裂语音之间的关联性。方法选择102例行腭帆提肌重建术的非综合征型腭裂患者为研究对象,其中完全性腭裂56例（CCP组）,不完全性腭裂46例（ICCP组）。在语音频谱仪上测定患者在手术前及术后发[i]音时共振峰F1、F2、F3的数值,并与30例正常对照组（C组）的测定结果进行比较。患者的术后复诊时间为3～6个月。结果①C组、ICCP组术前和CCP组术前的F1值无统计学差异（P>0.05）,F2、F3值有统计学差异（P<0.05）,C组高于ICCP组,ICCP组高于CCP组;②C组、ICCP组术后和CCP组术后的F1值无统计学差异（P>0.05）,F2、F3值有统计学差异（P<0.05）,C组高于ICCP组,ICCP组高于CCP组;③ICCP组和CCP组进行组内自身比较,术前、术后的F1值无统计学差异,术后F2、F3值均高于术前（P<0.05）。结论腭裂畸形程度对腭裂患者的语音有影响,畸形越严重,患者舌位后缩越明显,术后软腭上抬动度越差,语音状况越不理想。     

Variations in the lung size of children in Papua New Guinea: genetic and environmental factors

In Papua New Guinea, rural village children of both sexes living in the highlands (1500–2000 m) were found to have mean values of forced vital capacity 27 per cent greater than children at sea level. Urban children with an apparently lower level of habitual activity had a lung size similar to that of rural children living at the same altitude. In a number of healthy children of coastal parents reared in the highlands and of highland parents reared on the coast, the size of the lung was, in general, appropriate for the altitude rather than for the parentage. These findings suggest that the highland-coastal difference is probably environmental rather than genetic in origin.     

腭裂患者语音评价系列研究(三)--应用普通话单元音三维声学模型评价腭裂儿童元音特征的初步研究

目的：应用普通话单元音三维声学模型，评价腭裂儿童的音声问题。方法：利用语音声学分析软件SA1.5对37名腭裂术前儿童进行单元音[a]、[o]、[e]、[I]、[u]、[u]的语音频谱分析，测得共振峰频率。以三个共振频率的算术标度分别为x、y、z轴坐标，利用数学软件Matlab5.3建立腭裂儿童三维声学模型并与正常儿童模型进行比较。结果：正常模型的形态典型，立体感强；腭裂儿童由于存在共振峰频率的漂移，除[a]音以外，各元音的空间位置均发生了很大变化，三维模型缺乏空间感。正常与腭裂模型差别明显。结论：三维声学模型直观、全面而客观地反映了腭裂儿童音声特点，可实现对腭裂儿童单元音客观评价。     

Formant transition duration and place perception in misarticulating children and adolescents

The explanation of articulatory problems as an output speech disorder does not preclude the possibility that auditory processing problems are associated. Identification of brief auditory spectral cues in a place-of-articulation continuum was studied in children with articulation problems. First, it was shown that formant transition durations smaller than 20·0 ms dramatically decreased phonemic identification rates for alveolar stop consonants in control subjects. Identification tasks based on two place-of-articulation continua /pαk/-/tαk/ with F2/F3 transition durations of 52 and 20 ms were administered to groups of misarticulating children and adolescents and two control groups (children and adults). For all subject groups there was poorer phonetic processing with shorter transition durations of F2 and F3. The misarticulating subjects demonstrated poorer phonetic processing of formant transitions than did the control subjects. Shortening F2/F3 transition duration did not differentially influence perceptual behaviour between the experimental and the control groups. In determining the causal link between perception and production, an explanation of perception preceding production was favoured. It was argued that, in addition to assessing the specificity between perception and production mechanisms, assessment of perception of formant transitions may have potential as a clinical tool for evaluating phonetic processing.     

新疆维吾尔族腭裂患者元音共振峰分析

目的研究新疆维吾尔族腭裂患者术后元音共振峰特点。方法采集32份维吾尔族正常语音儿童语音样本(正常语音组)和27份腭裂患者术后语音样本(术后语音组),运用praat软件对样本中的8个元音的第一共振峰(F1)和第二共振峰(F2)进行测量分析。结果术后语音组和正常语音组在元音/a,o,u/的第二共振峰F2差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组在元音/y,i,e,,/的第二共振峰F2差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在元音/a,,o,u,,y,e,i/的第一共振峰F1的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论维吾尔族腭裂术后腭咽闭合不全患者发音时与正常语音儿童相比存在舌后缩现象,在发音开口度方面维吾尔族腭裂术后患者与正常语音儿童相比无差异。     

提取元音第三共振峰测试腭咽闭合功能的研究

应用计算机语音信号分析技术测试了２４名腭裂患者及１０名正常儿童的汉语普通话单元音第三共振频率值,同时测定了正常儿童各单元音腭咽闭合不全率,并作了高元音ｉ和低元音ａ第三共振频率值与其ＲＶＰＩ的相关性性分析。结果表明：腭裂患者的各单元音第三共振璋无统计学差异。     

上气道多平面扩容术对重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者嗓音的影响

目的：探讨上气道多平面扩容术对重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者嗓音的影响。方法：对26例重度OSAHS患者于上气道多平面扩容术前后,分别应用针对嗓音相关的主观调查问卷和嗓音频谱分析软件进行客观统计学分析。结果：主观调查问卷结果显示,26例患者上气道多平面扩容术后4例（15．4％）出现短时间的轻度腭咽闭合功能不全所致的鼻腔反流现象,均于术后1周内消失;3例（11．5%）术后发声有轻度鼻音增高,尤以术后1周内较明显而后逐渐消失;2例（7．7％）扁桃体Ⅲ度肥大者诉发声清晰度较前提高,原有轻微含糖音消失;总体评价是嗓音障碍指数量表、嗓音相关生活质量量表评分手术前后均无明显变化（P〉0．05）。嗓音客观参数基频F0和F1、F2、F3及F4共振峰频率手术前后均无统计学差异。结论：上气道多平面扩容术能够解除重度OSAHS患者上气道的阻塞性因素,同时进行鼻腔和咽腔的塑形,在一定程度上改变了声道共鸣腔,但对重度OSAHS患者嗓音的主观心理听觉评估无明显变化,嗓音客观参数基频F0和F1、F2、F3及F4四个共振峰频率均无明显的变化。     

语音训练在腭裂术后患者语音恢复中的价值

为探讨语音训练在腭裂术后患者语音恢复中的作用，本研究应用计算机语音信号分析系统对经语音训练的26例腭裂术后患者进行单元音头三个共振峰频率测试，语音训练重点对唇的协调性，舌的灵活性及下颌运动的准确性训练、结果表明，腭咽闭合完全者经语音训练代偿性不良习惯已基本矫正，语音清晰度显著提高。本文指出腭裂术后患者必须在腭咽闭合的基础上，语音训练才能打破异常的神经─肌肉模式，矫正代偿性不良发音习惯，获得清晰准确的语音。     

舌再造术后语音功能的检测

舌缺损严重影响语音功能，本实验中开发了语音分析ＬＰＣＦＦＴ计算机软件，对患者术后的发音情况给予客观评价，技术指标为：元音ＬＰＣ共振峰测定，辅音ＦＦＴ谱线观察，手术前后元音及辅音离散度分析等。结果发现舌部手术以后，在［ａ］、［ｉ］、［ｕ］３个元音中以［ｉ］音的变化较明显，元音［ｉ］的语音指标能较好地反映舌部的功能状态。我们还进行耳听语音测定，并与频谱检查结果之间进行相关分析，结果元音［ｉ］的离散度与耳测评分之间相关性好。     

Lessac-Madsen共鸣嗓音疗法对声带良性增生性病变患者术后嗓音功能的影响

目的 探讨Lessac-Madsen共鸣嗓音疗法(LMRVT)对支撑喉镜显微镜下声带良性增生性病变切除术后患者嗓音功能的疗效.方法 选取声带良性增生性病变且行喉显微手术后1个月的患者64例,随机分为LMRVT组(32例)和仅手术组(32例),LMRVT组接受为期2个月的Lessac-Madsen共鸣嗓音疗法,仅手术组不...