Transferrin gene frequencies in Cádiz (southern Spain)

Summary The genetic polymorphism of transferrin (Tf) was studied in a sample of 385 healthy unrelated subjects of both sexes resident in the province of Cádiz (southern Spain). Isoelectric focusing was carried out in polyacrylamide gels, followed by staining with Coomassie Blue R250. The gene frequencies obtained were as follows: Tf C1, 0.7922; Tf C2, 0.1883; Tf C3, 0.0195.     

Heterogeneity in the Dorsal Subiculum of the Rat. Distinct Neuronal Zones Project to Different Cortical and Subcortical Targets

The aim of the present study was to relate the distribution of efferents of the dorsal subiculum to their origin along the proximodistal axis of the subiculum. The distribution of subicular projections was studied in detail by means of the sensitive anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), and the precise origin of these projections analysed with retrogradely transported fluorescent tracers, using double- and triple-labelling protocols. Injections of PHA-L in the proximal part of the dorsal subiculum, i.e. that part which borders field CA1, result in labelling of the infralimbic, entorhinal and perirhinal cortices, the nucleus accumbens and the lateral septal region, the interanteromedial nucleus of the thalamus, the core of the nucleus gelatinosus, and the mammillary nuclei, in particular in the rostral parts of the medial nucleus. In contrast, injections in the distal part of the dorsal subiculum, i.e. that part which borders the presubiculum, give rise to labelling in the retrosplenial and postrhinal cortices, the presubiculum, the anterior thalamic complex, the shell of the nucleus gelatinosus, and the mammillary nuclei, preferentially in the caudal part of the medial nucleus. The results of injections of different retrograde tracers, simultaneously placed in two or three targets of the subicular efferents, confirm the results of the anterograde tracing experiments. Moreover, they clearly demonstrate that the population of subicular neurons which, for example, projects to the nucleus accumbens and the interanteromedial nucleus of the thalamus is almost completely segregated from the population that projects to the retrosplenial cortex and the anterior complex of the thalamus. Thus within the dorsal subiculum, populations of neurons can be differentiated so that each population projects to a unique set of target structures. These cell populations are differentially positioned along the proximo-distal axis. In view of additional evidence indicating that some of the major afferents to the subiculum are organized along the same axis, we suggest that the heterogeneity of the dorsal subiculum along the proximo-distal axis reflects a general organizational characteristic of this hippocampal field.     

Variation of therapeutic response in Parkinson''s disease: a retrospective study

A retrospective study of variations of therapeutic response (dyskinesia and on-off phenomenon) in Parkinson's disease was conducted on 278 patients treated with levodopa for at least 6 months and hospitalized at National Neurological Institute "C. Besta" of Milan between 1974 and 1984. Variations of therapeutic response (TRV) were present in 105 of 278 patients; in this group, age at illness onset was significantly lower, while duration of levodopa treatment and also duration of illness were longer than in the group of patients without TRV. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the most important variables were age at illness onset and duration of treatment, but they were only modestly predictive. Other factors connected with progression of disease must also contribute to the TRV.     

恒温恒压电烫仪建立小鼠烫伤模型的实验研究

目的：寻求理想的建立小鼠不同深度烫伤模型的方法。方法：研制了恒温恒压电烫仪,分别以80度,0．5kg,2cm为统一的致伤温度,致伤压力,致伤直径,同时严格控制其他各个因素,以致伤时间为唯一可变因素,通过改变致伤时间,在小鼠背部建立不同深度的烫伤模型,并于烫伤后即时,4h,12,24h和48h取材病检。结果：建立浅II度,深II度及III度烫伤创面模型的致伤时间分别为5s,8s和12s;汤伤创面深度随病程逐渐加深,直至伤后24h才稳定,伤后48h的组织学改变类似伤后24h,结论：烫伤创面深度应以伤后24h创面深度稳定后的深度为诊断标准,本方法操作简单,所建模型稳定,重复性好,不失为一种建立小鼠不同深度烫伤模型的较为理想的方法。     

骨关节放大摄影的临床应用和诊断价值

目的 :评价和比较X线放大像与普通X线平片诊断价值。方法 :对 386例患者 (男 2 6 7例 ,女 119例 )。患处原有普通X线平片部位进行X线放大摄影 ,并与原片进行对比分析。结果 :放大像发现病变阳性率为 75 .91%(2 93/ 386 ) ,普通X线平片发现病变阳性率为 5 7.5 1% (2 2 2 / 386 ) ,两者比较 ,前者的阳性率明显高于后者。结论 :对普通X线平片不能作出确切诊断的病例 ,摄X线放大像可提高诊断准确性 ,且有重要诊断价值     

电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆学习记忆障碍小鼠水迷宫实验的影响

目的　观察电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆小鼠学习记忆障碍的影响。方法　复制脑缺血再灌注拟血管性痴呆小鼠模型 ,并电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴 ,分别于术后 7天、15天、30天 ,与药物喜德镇对照 ,采用水迷宫法 ,记录游全程时间、错误次数。结果　造模导致了小鼠学习与记忆能力下降 ,表现为游全程时间延长 ,错误次数增加 ,且随着观察时间的延长 ,这种改变逐渐加重。电针和喜德镇均可使模型小鼠的游全程时间缩短 ,错误次数减少 ,但电针组于 7天和 30天时 ,成绩显著优于药物组。结论　电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对模型小鼠学习与记忆能力下降有改善和提高作用     

正交试验法优选心脑安胶囊提取工艺

用正交试验法对心脑安胶囊的制备工艺进行了探讨。用正丁醇浸出物含量为指标,考察了加水量、浸泡时间、煎煮时间、煎煮次数４种因素对其提取效果的影响。结果表明,加水量的多少是影响切药材煎煮效果的主要因素,为了保证有效成分的煎出,心脑安胶囊拟采用１３倍量水,浸泡１２ｈ,煎煮２次,每次１．５ｈ为宜。     

玉屏风散对强的松反应及NSI型病程的影响——附58例分析

探讨中药玉屏风散加味对强的松不良反应的拮抗作用及对肾病综合征Ⅰ型的病程的影响 ,将病人随机分为玉屏风散加味治疗组(37例 ) 和对照组(2 1例 ) ,观察用药后 2、4、6周自汗、心悸症状及心率变化情况及治疗后 1年内各种感染次数 ,治疗 1年后强的松服药量及 2 4小时尿蛋白定量情况。结果 :治疗第 4、6周自汗、心悸症状发生率及心率治疗组均低于对照组 ,感染次数治疗组低于对照组 ,1年未服强的松量及其 2 4小时尿蛋白量均低于对照组 ,两组数据经统计学处理有显著性差异。结论 :玉屏风散加味能明显减轻强的松引起的自汗、心悸等不良反应 ,减少感染次数 ,缩短NSI型的病程。     

Retrospective Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Quinacrine Sterilization

Objective To observe and evaluate the efficacy and safety of quinacrine sterilization.Methods A total of 572 cases of quinacrine sterilization preformed during the 4 years from 1993to 1997in Jiangsu and Guizhou Provinces were employed in this study. The efficacy and safety of quinacrine sterilization in those case were studied and evaluated, with 588 cases of surgical sterilization performed at the same time being the control group.Results Both groups were with identical demographic and gynecological characteristics. The result of multiple decrement life table analysis showed the 12th gross cumulative failure rates for quinacrine sterilization was 3. 13% and serious side effects occurred in only 2 cases accounting for O. 35%. One was ectopic pregnancy (20 months after treatment). The other was due to anaphylaxis in 10 minutes after the second insertion). No difference in the liver and nephic functions was detected and no suspected cancer cells or cancer cells were found in the two groups. 99. 6% of the 572 women interviewed accepted the quinacrine sterilization.Conclusions Quinacrine sterilization method is with high acceptability but comparatively low effectiveness. It has been proved to be a safe method of contraception in short-term. However, the safety of long-term still needs further study.