保定市精神病性障碍的流行病学调查

目的了解保定市精神病性障碍的患病率和分布特点。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取≥18周岁的人群,共10073名,用扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)将调查对象分为高、中、低危险组,采用美国精神障碍诊断标准(DSM),以美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册-第四版(DSM-)轴障碍定式临床检查病人版(SCID-I/P)对调查对象进行精神病性障碍的诊断。心理、社会及职业功能受损状况评定采用大体功能评定量表(GAF)评定。结果9021人完成调查,精神病性障碍的终生患病率为0.74%(95%CI=0.56%～0.92%),时点患病率为0.64%(95%CI=0.48%～0.81%);精神分裂症最常见,其终生及时点患病率分别为0.62%、0.54%。时点患病率:女性0.87%高于男性0.42%(P<0.01);20～59岁患病率较高。Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性、分居/离婚、低收入及独居增加精神病性障碍的患病危险性。心理、社会及职业功能受损程度:轻度7.41%,中度35.19%,重度57.41%。精神病性障碍的精神科门诊就诊率为35.19%,住院率27.78%。结论精神病性障碍是一类患病率较高的精神障碍,在女性及...     

ATTITUDES TOWARDS AND KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL SKIN DISEASE AMONGST SUPPORT PERSONNEL

Liaison with support personnel is important in the management of workers with occupational skin disease (OSD). This study shows that there are many areas of concern regarding the knowledge and understanding of OSD in these groups. There needs to be a comprehensive education programme concerning OSD within the working community and support personnel. Dermatologists need to simplify their "language' in the reporting of OSD. Insurers need to take a more sympathetic attitude towards the partially fit worker. Rehabilitation personnel must become more familiar with OSD.     

天津市区糖尿病流行病学研究

本文报道了1990～1991年天津市区糖尿病患病率调查结果.结果展示本市糖尿病患病率在男、女及合计分别为9.71‰、13.26‰及11.53‰.糖尿病中国人口(1964)标化患病率在男、女及合计分别为7.32‰、9.76‰及8.58‰;世界人口标化患病率男、女及合计分别为11.58‰、13.12‰及12.48‰.糖尿病患病率按年龄、性别、民族、职业、文化程度、体重及体块指数的分布有明显的不同.     

Epidemiological study of pathogenic fungi in China: 1986 and 1996

目的　研究 1986年 - 1996年 ,我国致病真菌菌群的变化情况。方法　 1986年 1月 1日 - 12月 31日和 1996年 1月 1日 - 12月 31日在全国 2 5个省、市、自治区 4 0多个有代表性的单位对临床或现场确定的致病菌进行了动态研究 ,就病原菌变迁、各区动态情况和具体疾病等作了详细分析。结果　发现 10年间较易治疗的皮肤癣菌比例下降 ,而较难治疗的酵母菌和霉菌比例升高。结论　 10年间致病真菌菌群的变化较大 ,我们应根据变化情况进行相应的研究及制定出相应治疗措施     

海军新兵基础训练期间军事训练伤的流行病学调查

查明海军新兵基础训练期间军事训练伤的发生率和分布特征。方法：以整群抽样的方式选取驻粤海军某部参加１９９８年度基础训练的新兵５９２人,对训练中受伤的战士进行病学调查。结果在９０ｄ的训练中,军训伤的累积发生主为２８．２％,开训后第８周为发生高峰,各部位损伤中以下肢的发生率为最高。     

中国假鹰爪属植物资源调查与原植物鉴定△

通过文献考查、原植物实地考察和标本采集 ,以及国内各大植物标本馆馆藏标本查阅 ,基本弄清了我国假鹰爪属植物种类及分布情况。为开发利用该属植物资源、正确进行该属植物种级水平分类鉴定提供科学依据     

中比两国居民营养状况及膳食结构比较

目的 :比较中比两国居民饮食营养状况的异同及中国人群膳食结构变化趋势。方法 :称重和记帐膳食调查。结果 :两国人均日总热能摄入量相近 ,中国人均蛋白质、维生素A(VitA)、核黄素 (VitB1)、钙 (Ca)等摄入量则明显低于比利时 ;中国人均动物性食品摄入量随经济收入的增高而增多。结论 :中国居民主要营养素摄入能满足机体需要 ,食物结构趋向优化 ,但要进一步促进豆类和乳类食品的生产和消费。     

苏州市职工医疗保健制度改革后3家三级医院门诊费用的调查分析

目的　调查苏州市医改后门诊费用状况。方法　采用计算机SPSS软件系统分析 30 5 4张三家三级医院的门诊处方。结果　公费次均费 183.2 9± 175 .89元 ,自费 87.85± 95 .6 1元 ,而医保则为 71.36± 49.5 5元 ,三者差别有非常显著意义 (P =0 .0 0 0 0 )。变异系数分别为 96 .0 % ,10 8.8% ,6 9.6 %。医保病人个体差异最小 ,超定额率为 72 .0 % ,36 .4%和 37.3% (P <0 .0 1)。结论　医保门诊定额偏紧 ,门诊主要表现为负面效应 ,应调动医院积极性 ,采取有效控制门诊费用的措施。     

Health Insurance Coverage of the Children of Immigrants in the United States

Objectives: This study assesses the health insurance coverage of children of immigrants in the United States and variations among immigrant groups. Method: The study uses data from the March supplements of the 1994 and 1996 Current Population Survey to compare health insurance coverage of children who report foreign parentage. Separate logistic regressions are conducted to estimate the likelihood of being covered by any insurance, public insurance, and private insurance. Results: 27.3% of all children of immigrants are without health insurance, 34.1% are on public insurance, and 44.3% have private insurance. Foreign-born children who have not yet become U.S. citizens are the most likely to be without health insurance (38.0%). Many of these children are not covered because their parents are unable to find jobs that provide coverage and Medicaid fails to enroll as many of them as possible. Overall, the children's chances of being covered by any health insurance vary little according to when their parents came to this country. However, children of recent immigrants are more likely to rely on public health insurance (40.1% vs. 24.8%) and less likely to be covered through private sources (36.8% vs. 60.6%) than those of established immigrants. Among immigrant groups, children of Haitian (48.4%) and Korean (45.3%) immigrants are at the highest risks of being uninsured. Both children of the Dominican Republic (65.9%) and Laos (83.3%) report high rates of public insurance coverage. Conclusions: Greater disparity in health insurance coverage among children of immigrants is expected once the new welfare reform bills take effect. In particular, noncitizen children, children of recent immigrants, illegal immigrants, and Dominican Republican immigrants will be affected most. Efforts aimed at reducing the harm should target these vulnerable groups.