动脉栓塞治疗产后出血的临床应用研究

目的评价经导管动脉栓塞术(TAE)治疗产后出血的血管造影表现及疗效。方法65例产后出血患者采用右股动脉Seldinger's穿刺技术,选择性插管至双侧髂内动脉或子宫动脉,行数字减影血管造影(DSA)明确出血原因、部位后用庆大霉素浸泡过的明胶海绵颗粒或条栓塞。结果插管成功率100%,手术时间30～60min,平均45.2±4.8min,术后止血总有效率98.46%。术后随访3～60个月,均无严重并发症发生,子宫体按期复旧,转经后月经正常。结论TAE创伤小,疗效快速肯定,对危及生命的产后出血是一种有效的治疗措施。     

经未显影的岩下窦途径栓塞海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的探讨经未显影的岩下窦途径栓塞海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘(CSDAF)的治疗方法。方法回顾性分析7例CSDAF病人的临床资料,均经未显影的岩下窦插管,以微弹簧圈栓塞海绵窦和瘘口。结果5例插管成功并达到完全致密栓塞;2例导管虽插入海绵窦,但海绵窦分隔致导管位置与瘘口不相通,而改行面静脉-眼静脉途径插管行栓塞治疗。7例病人均治愈,随访5～20个月,均无复发。结论经岩下窦途径栓塞是CSDAF最常用的治疗方法,即使岩下窦未显影,也有相当部分病人可插管和治疗成功。     

经子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注及栓塞 在宫颈妊娠保守治疗中的应用

目的探讨经子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注化疗及栓塞术在宫颈妊娠保守治疗中的应用价值.方法 6例宫颈妊娠患者,孕龄36～68天,经阴道超声检查明确诊断后,行双侧子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注及栓塞治疗.结果所有患者均一次治疗成功,术后患者的阴道出血明显减少或中止,血β-HCG水平迅速下降.患者的宫颈形态及月经周期于治疗后4个月内恢复正常.结论子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注化疗及栓塞术是保守治疗宫颈妊娠的有效方法.     

去胆管及去门静脉肝叶肝细胞功能分化的研究

目的 观察胆管结扎及门静脉结扎后肝细胞形态及功能分化现象,探讨去胆管及去门静脉肝叶的保留价值.方法 应用氰基丙烯酸酯对仅保留两个肝叶的大鼠行一叶胆道栓塞并结扎,另一肝叶行门静脉结扎,进行分肝静脉血化验检查、组织病理及超微结构观察.结果 去胆管肝叶形态及糖原染色变化不大,分肝静脉血白蛋白(30.9±1.8)g/L与对照组(31.9±2.0)g/,L比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).去门脉肝叶萎缩明显,但血胆红素指标维持正常,与未处理对照组比较[(7.7±3.2)比(8.7±2.3)μmol/L]差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 去胆管肝叶在观察期内无明显萎缩,仍保留有蛋白质合成分泌等功能;去门脉肝叶肝细胞能够承担胆汁代谢功能.     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的随访研究

目的探讨子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法对47例子宫肌瘤患者进行选择性子宫动脉造影及栓塞治疗并进行术后随访,观察其子宫肌瘤血供特点、临床疗效、肌瘤复发率。结果子宫肌瘤以一侧子宫动脉供血为主占85.1%,双侧子宫动脉同时供血14.9%,卵巢动脉参与供血6.4%。随访47例患者,治愈17%,显效68%,有效12.7%,无效2.12%,随访6～48个月未发现术后再发肌瘤。结论子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的方法安全有效,特别是对黏膜下子宫肌瘤可以达到瘤体消失治愈的效果。     

部分性脾动脉栓塞治疗脾功能亢进

目的探讨脾功能亢进行脾部分栓塞时对门脉压力及外周血液变化的影响。方法对36例脾功能亢进患者,采用Seldinger's法经皮脾动脉超选择性插管造影,计数直径>1mm的脾内动脉血管数。用明胶海绵碎屑(1mm×1mm×1mm)或PVA颗粒实行脾动脉栓塞,栓塞上述血管的60%～80%,并进行1～36个月(平均20个月)临床随访观察对比手术前后门脉压力、血液成分的变化。结果平均门脉压力由4.05kPa降至2.51kPa,外周血液红细胞由2.0×1012/L升至4.20×1012/L,白细胞从3.2×109/L升至5.0×109/L,血小板从40×109/L升至150×109/L。食管静脉曲张引发上消化道出血4例中,术后3例未再出血。结论栓塞程度以脾血管数为计数单位,控制在60%～80%时,可较好地改善脾功能亢进患者外周血象、门静脉压力,减轻食管静脉曲张程度。     

Partial splenic embolization for hypersplenism concomitant with or after arterial embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma in 30 patients

Purpose To study the value of partial splenic embolization (PSE) for the treatment of hypersplenism in patients undergoing embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (THAE) combined with PSE was performed in 30 patients with HCC complicating liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hypersplenism. Gelfoam sponge was used as the embolic material for PSE and limited to 100–150 pieces. Results More than 50% of splenic parenchyma was infarcted in 27 patients. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were corrected by PSE in 25 of 27 patients with hypersplenism. In 26 patients with esophageal varices, including 5 patients with bleeding, no rebleeding occurred during a 6–17 month follow-up. Hypersplenism was not corrected in 2 of 3 patients whose infarcted splenic parenchyma was less than 50%. No splenic abscesses or other severe complications were observed. Of the 30 patients treated, 19 are still alive after 1 year. Conclusions THAE combined with PSE is a safe and effective measure for patients with HCC.     

Arterial embolization as preoperative treatment for pulmonary aspergillosis with hemoptysis

Pulmonary aspergillosis associated with old tuberculosis is generally resistant to treatment. Thus, if patients are treated only with conservative therapy, their condition continues to deteriorate due to repetitive hemoptysis, and may even become critical. Surgical treatment is required for these patients; however, it is extremely difficult to resect the lesion due to severe adhesions to the chest wall and vascular proliferation surrounding the lesion. We performed preoperative arterial embolization, achieving good results in three patients with hemoptysis caused by pulmonary aspergillosis. The feeding arteries were embolized using microcoils and/or gelatin sponges, and a lobectomy was safely carried out in all patients. We concluded that preoperative arterial embolization is a safe and effective technique to prevent massive hemorrhage occurring at the time of surgery. This work was presented at the 11th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery, held in Kyoto, Japan, May 13–14, 1994     

阿霉素磁性明胶微球的研究

报告了阿霉素磁性明胶微球（Ａｄｒ－ＭＧ－ｍｓ）的制备与性质，研究了超细氧化铁粒子的合成和磁性明胶微球（ＭＧ－ｍｓ）在狗体内的栓塞效果。阿霉素磁性明胶微球由２％阿霉素（Ａｄｒ）、６８％明胶和３０％的磁铁粒子组成，微球的平均粒径为２２μｍ。在体外实验中，药物释放速度证明微球有缓释的性质。磁铁粒子的平均粒径约为１０ｎｍ，磁性明胶微球与￣（９９ｍ）Ｔｃ标记磁性明胶微球通过导管分别输入狗的肝动脉内进行栓塞，照相和血管造影显示在未加外磁场时磁性明胶微球在左右肝叶分布几乎相等，而在１２００高斯的外磁场作用下，靶部位肝左叶的微球分布是肝右叶的２．２５倍，而甲状腺、脑、心脏的微球很微量，结果表明磁性明胶微球在外磁场作用下是一个很好的治疗肝癌的栓塞剂。     

脾动脉栓塞治疗外伤性脾破裂28例临床疗效观察

目的：探讨脾动脉栓塞术对外伤性脾破裂的疗效及并发症的处理。方法：采用Seldinger法行脾动脉栓塞术治疗外伤性脾破裂28例。结果：所有患者出血立即停止，其中4例行2次栓塞。28例均有脾区疼痛，22例发热。脾动脉栓塞5天后血小板、白细胞上升近1倍，7天后恢复至正常范围。28例随访6－36月，查免疫球蛋白、CT等结果满意，未有再出血及发生暴发性感染。结论：脾动脉栓塞不但有良好的止血作用，而且能保留脾脏的免疫功能，可在非手术治疗失败时选用，是外伤性脾破裂的一种有效治疗方法。