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11.
Automatic analysis of electromyography (EMG) signals, first operated in 1950 with analogic machines, steeply expanded from 1980 when fast computers and worthwhile programs became available. On-line measurement of response area and latency, averaging of low amplitude waves, fast sorting of motor unit potential shape parameters, computation of the “jitter” between two muscle fibers, turns/amplitude and spectral analysis of interferential pattern records, are some examples of programs currently offered in modern EMG machines. Other techniques are still reserved for research purposes: scanning EMG, decomposition of nerve and muscle compound potentials, measurement of the threshold and firing rate of motor units, trace analysis using tracking models. Finally, the credit for artificial intelligence systems (knowledge based systems, fuzzy logic, neuronal networks) is still not clearly stated. 相似文献
12.
新生儿呕吐性疾病的消化道造影研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究新生儿呕吐性疾病的造影技术,探讨其影像特征。方法:对比剂引入方式采用吸吮法和插胃管抽液后再注入对比剂两种方法;选用对比剂有6 0 %~80 % (W/V)的硫酸钡混悬液30~4 0ml或30 %泛影葡胺30ml;采用不同体位多轴位观察摄片,并对5 4例造影表现进行分析。结果:5 4例新生儿消化道造影均满足诊断要求,其中先天性幽门狭窄11例(19 6 % ) ,胃食管反流34例(6 3 0 % ) ,环形胰腺9例(16 .7% )。经手术治疗2 0例均与术前X线诊断相一致。结论:传统的上消化道造影是诊断新生儿呕吐病因的有效方法,熟练掌握造影技术和特有的造影征像能够及时地明确诊断。 相似文献
13.
14.
介绍了一种简单有效的维纳滤波器设计过程,并采用该过程对数字化X射线影像进行滤波,试验表明:维纳滤波器能在去除图像噪声的同时较好地保留图像细节,具有实际应用价值。 相似文献
15.
不同类型正常乳腺表观扩散系数值差异的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的 研究不同类型正常乳腺表观扩散系数(ADC)值的差异,探讨ADC值与组织学分型之间的关系。方法 采用单次激发平面回波(EPI)技术,扩散敏感因子(b)值分别为0、500、1000s/mm^2,对62个正常乳腺(包括42例乳腺病变患者的对侧正常乳腺及10名健康志愿者20个乳腺)进行MR扫描及MR扩散加权成像(DWI)检查,计算62个正常乳腺分别在不同b值时的ADC值。将62个正常乳腺分为3型,比较3型之间ADC值的差异及不同b值时ADC值的差异。结果 42例乳腺病变患者对侧正常乳腺的DWI及ADC图与组织切片对比,不同类型乳腺组织学结构不同,其DWI及ADC图表现亦有差异。62个正常乳腺分为致密型10个,分叶斑点型42个及退化型10个。致密型和分叶斑点型乳腺随b值降低ADC值升高,而退化型乳腺随b值降低ADC值变化不明显。b=1000—0s/mm^2时,致密型、分叶斑点型、退化型乳腺ADC值分别为(1.70±0.37)、(1.93±0.46)、(1.18±0.65)×10^-3mm^2/s,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=12.998,P=0.000)。不同b值时每2种类型间进行单因素方差分析,致密型和分叶斑点型之间差异无统计学意义(F=2.167,P=0.147);致密型和退化型之间、分叶斑点型和退化型之间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为5.593、19.128,P值分别为0.029、0.000)。结论 3型正常乳腺ADC值受乳腺组织学结构的影响,致密型和分叶斑点型乳腺ADC值受b值高低的影响。 相似文献
16.
Chang Hyun Lee Jung-Gi Im Jin Mo Goo Hyun Ju Lee Sung-Tae Hong Cheng Hua Shen Doo Hyun Chung Kyu Ri Son Jung Min Chang Hong Eo 《Korean journal of radiology》2007,8(5):372-381
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serial CT findings of Paragonimus westermani infected dogs and the microscopic structures of the worm cysts using Micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by the committee on animal research at our institution. Fifteen dogs infected with P. westermani underwent serial contrast-enhanced CT scans at pre-infection, after 10 days of infection, and monthly thereafter until six months for determining the radiologic-pathologic correlation. Three dogs (one dog each time) were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. After fixation of the lungs, both multi-detector CT and Micro-CT were performed for examining the worm cysts. RESULTS: The initial findings were pleural effusion and/or subpleural ground-glass opacities or linear opacities at day 10. At day 30, subpleural and peribronchial nodules appeared with hydropneumothorax and abdominal or chest wall air bubbles. Cavitary change and bronchial dilatation began to be seen on CT scan at day 30 and this was mostly seen together with mediastinal lymphadenopathy at day 60. Thereafter, subpleural ground-glass opacities and nodules with or without cavitary changes were persistently observed until day 180. After cavitary change of the nodules, the migratory features of the subpleural or peribronchial nodules were seen on all the serial CT scans. Micro-CT showed that the cyst wall contained dilated interconnected tubular structures, which had communications with the cavity and the adjacent distal bronchus. CONCLUSION: The CT findings of paragonimiasis depend on the migratory stage of the worms. The worm cyst can have numerous interconnected tubular channels within its own wall and these channels have connections with the cavity and the adjacent distal bronchus. 相似文献
17.
随着科学技术的不断进步,为了尽快适应新形势的发展,招飞体检中我们在脑电图(dectroencephalogram,EEG)检测方面使用了电子计算机技术,并对新仪器应用于脑功能检测工作的价值进行了相关的研究,现报告如下: 相似文献
18.
A general model is developed for segmenting magnetic resonance images using vector decomposition and probabilfty techniques. Each voxel is assigned fractional volumes of q tissues from p differently weighted images (q ≤ p + 1) in the presence of partial-volume mixing, random noise, and other tissues. Compared wtth the eigenimage method, fewer differently weighted images are needed for segmenting the q tissues, and the contrast-to-noise ratio in the calculated fractional volumes is improved. The model can produce com-posrte tissue-type images similar to that of the probability methods, by comparing the fractional volumes assigned to different tissues on each voxel. A three-tissue (p = 2, q = 3) model is illustrated for segmenting three tissues from dual-echo images. M provides statistical analysis to the algebraic method. A three-compartment phantom is segmented for validation. Two clinical examples are presented. 相似文献
19.
JOSEPH ROCHFORD ANANDA P SEN ISABELLE ROUSSE SHARON A WELNER 《Brain research bulletin》1996,41(5):313-317
Latent inhibition (LI) is a reduction in the rate of acquisition of a Pavlovian conditioned response that results from prior nonreinforced preexposure to a conditioned stimulus (CS). LI has been suggested to reflect the operation of mechanisms involved in stimulus selection for subsequent cognitive processing. The present experiment was conducted to assess the effect of bilateral lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) on LI employing a conditioned emotional response paradigm. Bilateral lesions of the NBM were produced by administration of 0.12 M quisqualic acid and resulted in decreased cortical acetylcholinesterase staining, as well as a 40% reduction in cortical choline acetyltransferase activity. Following lever press training, preexposed animals received 40 presentations of a 60-s tone CS. Nonpreexposed animals received no tone presentations. Acquisition of conditioned suppression was then assessed over the course of 4 tone-shock (0.6 mA, 0.5 s) pairings. Control, preexposed animals displayed a retarded rate of acquisition in comparison to nonpreexposed controls, thereby demonstrating that the parameters used in the present experiment produced LI. In contrast, lesioned animals preexposed to the CS acquired conditioned suppression as readily as non-preexposed lesioned animals. However, the acquisition of conditioned suppression in both lesioned groups was found to be similar to that displayed in the preexposed control group. This pattern of results was interpreted as being attributable to a lesion-induced impairment in the ability to maintain stimulus processing, rather than a deficit in the ability to filter a stimulus. Copyright © 1996 Elsevier Science Inc. 相似文献
20.
Advances in processing of surface myoelectric signals: Part 1 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
R. Merletti Dip. di Elettronica L. R. Lo Conte 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》1995,33(3):362-372
During sustained voluntary or electrically elicted muscle contractions the surface myoelectric signal is nonstationary and
it undergoes progressive changes reflecting the modifications of the motor unit action potentials and their propagation velocity.
In particular, during sustained electrical stimulation, the evoked signals show progressive amplitude, time scaling and shape
modification. The quantitative evaluation of these changes is important for non-invasive muscle characterisation and may be
performed in either the time or frequency domain using parametric and nonparametric spectral analysis as well as alternative
methodologies. The paper introduces the detection techniques, reviews and compares the methods of spectral estimation based
on FFT and autoregressive models, and discusses their applications and limitations in extracting information from the surface
myoelectric signal with particular regard to myoelectric manifestations of localised muscle fatigue during sustained contractions. 相似文献