超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术对眼表的影响

目的：采用Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪比较小梁切除术和超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术对眼表的影响。

方法：纳入原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者62例62眼,按手术方式分为两组：小梁切除术组32例32眼,超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术组(青白联合手术组)30例30眼。运用Keratograph 5M评估术前,术后3d,1、 3mo的非侵入性首次泪膜破裂时间(NifBUT)、非侵入性平均泪膜破裂时间(NiaBUT)、泪河高度(TMH)和角膜荧光素染色评分(CFS)。

结果：术前两组患者眼表参数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3d青白联合手术组的NiaBUT、NifBUT、CFS、TMH最差,分别为10.13±1.48、12.59±1.96s、0.80±0.22分与0.31±0.02mm,变化幅度明显高于小梁切除组(均 P<0.05),术后1mo两组的各项指标均有所恢复,但直到术后3mo仍未完全恢复到术前水平。

结论：眼表综合分析仪可以客观、精确地用于评估抗青光眼手术后泪膜功能的变化。在术后3mo短期内超声乳化白内障摘除联合小梁切除术比单纯小梁切除术对眼表的影响更为严重,提示在此期间应加强对眼表的护理。     

不同人工泪液缓解白内障超声乳化术后干眼症状的效果

目的：探究聚乙二醇滴眼液、聚丙烯酸眼胶及玻璃酸钠滴眼液缓解白内障超声乳化术后干眼症状的效果。

方法：选择2015-02/2018-01于我院行白内障超声乳化术联合人工晶状体植入的年龄相关性白内障患者纳入研究,根据使用人工泪液种类的不同将患者分为聚乙二醇组、聚丙烯酸组及玻璃酸钠组。观察并分析三组患者术后7、14、30d时临床症状评分、Schirmer I试验、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色情况。

结果：术后14、30d时玻璃酸钠组干眼症状评分、Schirmer Ⅰ情况及BUT显著优于聚乙二醇组及聚丙烯酸组(P<0.05); 术后30d时玻璃酸钠组患者染色评分及泪膜成像评分显著低于其他两组(P<0.05); 聚乙二醇组及聚丙烯酸组各指标组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：聚乙二醇滴眼液、聚丙烯酸眼胶及玻璃酸钠滴眼液均可缓解白内障术后干眼临床症状,改善泪膜状态,具有较好的临床疗效,其中玻璃酸钠滴眼液可能更具优势。     

Association of dry eye disease with smoking: A systematic review and meta-analysis

There is conflicting evidence for the association between smoking and dry eye disease (DED). We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the true relationship between smoking and DED. A systematic literature search was performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, till August 2021 to identify observational studies with data on smoking as risk factor of DED. Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR). Heterogeneity was evaluated by Cochrane Q and I² index; in addition, subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were performed. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. A total of 22 studies (4 cohort and 18 cross-sectional studies) with 160,217 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. There is no statistically significant relationship between current smokers (OR_adjusted = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.95–1.36; P = 0.15; I² = 84%) and former smokers (OR_adjusted = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.93–1.20; P = 0.38; I² = 26.7%) for the risk of DED. The results remained consistent across various subgroups. No risk of publication bias was detected by funnel plot and Eggers’s test (P > 0.05). No source of heterogeneity was observed in the meta-regression analysis. Our meta-analysis suggest current or former smoking may not be involved in the risk of dry eye disease. Further studies to understand the mechanism of interaction between current smokers and formers smokers with DED are recommended.     

Ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of the ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 participants with myopia in Beijing Tongren Hospital from February to June, 2023. After completing the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score scale, measurements were taken for refraction, biometric parameters and ocular surface parameters. The prevalence, severity and related parameters of the dry eye among different groups based on axial length (AL) were compared. Correlation analysis was performed between ocular surface parameters and refraction/biometric measurement parameters. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in refractive error, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and subfoveal choroidal thickness among the groups (all P<0.05). With the increase in AL, the incidence and severity of dry eye increased significantly (P<0.05). Moreover, the tear film break-up time (BUT) shortened (P<0.05), and the corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) points increased significantly (P<0.05). OSDI scores were positively correlated with AL and spherical equivalent (SE; both P<0.05); BUT was negatively correlated with AL, SE, and corneal astigmatism (AST; all P<0.05); Schirmer I test (SIT) results were negatively correlated with AL and SE (both P<0.05). CONCLUSION: AL elongation is a risk factor for dry eye onset in myopic participants. The longer the AL, the more severe the dry eye is, with the increased CFS spots and tear film instability. Additionally, SE and AST exhibit negative correlations with dry eye symptom scores and ocular surface parameters.     

正交试验法优选痛经颗粒水提工艺

目的:优化痛经颗粒中芍药苷的最佳提取工艺.方法:以白芍中芍药苷的提取率和浸膏得率为指标,采用L9(34)正交试验法优选痛经颗粒中芍药苷的最佳提取工艺.结果:优选的最佳提取工艺为:第1次加10倍量的水,煎煮1.5 h,第2次加8倍量的水,煎煮1.5 h,第3次加6倍量的水,煎煮0.5 h.结论:该水提工艺设计合理,芍药苷...     

“濡润神珠针刺法治疗干眼”的临床疗效及其安全性评估

目的观察“濡润神珠针刺法治疗干眼”的临床疗效及安全性。方法60例干眼患者随机分为针刺组（30例）和药物对照组（30例）,分别予以“濡润神珠针刺法”和玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗,疗程为1个月．在治疗前、治疗2周后、治疗1个月时比较2组患者临床症状积分和眼部安全性指标的变化。并进行症状疗效对比。结果针刺组和药物组在治疗2周后与治疗前组内坞较,临床症状积分均减少（P〈O．01）,治疗1个月后临床症状改善优于治疗2周后（P〈0．01）,针刺组好于同期药物对照组（P〈0．01）。针刺组和药物对照组在治疗1个月后眼部耐受性均明显改善,针刺组疗效优于药物组（P〈0．01）。针刺组患者无一例发生裸眼视力下降及出现不良反应。2组的症状疗效比较无明显差别（P〉0．05）。结论“濡润神珠针刺法”对干眼患者治疗有效．能显著改善干眼患者的临床症状,增加患者眼部的耐受性,且无任何不良反应。     

玻璃酸钠滴眼液对PDR患者玻璃体切除术后眼表的保护作用

目的：观察1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液对行20G闭合式玻璃体切除手术(PPV)的增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferation diabetic retinopathy,PDR)患者眼表的保护作用。

方法：采用随机单盲病例对照研究。选取因PDR在西安市第四医院眼科住院并由同一术者行20G PPV手术的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为PDR对照组(A组)及玻璃酸钠治疗组(B组),B组在手术后第1d即加用1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液持续滴术眼至术后2mo,比较两组在术前、术后1wk,1、3mo OSDI、SⅠt、BUT、角膜荧光素染色(fluorescein cornea staining,FL)及角膜共焦显微镜下泪膜、角膜上皮细胞层情况。

结果：共90例90眼参与研究,其中A组45眼,B组45眼。两组术前均有干眼表现,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组眼表损伤在术后进一步加重并且在观察期未能随时间延长恢复; B组术后不同观察时间部分指标较术前好转,术后A、B两组差异显著(P<0.05)。

结论：并发PDR的2型糖尿病患者接受20G PPV手术后联合使用1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液能够减轻患眼眼表不适症状,促进泪膜及角膜上皮层修复。     

眼科门诊患者中干眼症的初步调查

目的 :了解眼科普通门诊患者中干眼状况并分析可能的原因。方法 :对在 2 0 0 2年 3～ 4月眼科普通门诊患者检测Schirmer试验Ⅰ和泪液镜 (TearscopePlus)检测BUT ,并分析相关的影响因素。结果 :990例 (1980只眼 )患者中 ,角结膜干燥症的患病率为 32 1% (318例 /990例 ) ;其中男性患病率 6 7% (6 6例 /990例 ) ,女性患病率 2 5 4 % (2 5 2例 /990例 ) ;可疑角结膜干燥症患病率 7 7% (76例 /990例 )。统计学分析显示 ,与泪液相关的因素包括性别、年龄、主诉 (干涩感、流泪等 )、体征 (角膜荧光素染色 )和是否伴随全身病 (P <0 0 1) ;其中男性患者Schirmer试验Ⅰ (9 6 6± 5 2 8)mm ,BUT(10 0 1± 4 4 3)秒 ,明显高于女性患者的 (6 82± 6 16 )mm和 (6 88± 3 5 8)秒 (P <0 0 1) ;患者无主诉时Schirmer试验Ⅰ和BUT分别为 (11 5 5±5 14 )mm和 (11 10± 3 93)秒 ,均明显高于有主诉患者的 (5 0 8± 5 0 1)mm和 (5 75± 2 6 3)秒 (P <0 0 1) ;有角膜上皮荧光染色患者Schirmer试验Ⅰ和BUT分别为 (4 4 1± 4 35 )mm和 (5 13± 2 0 2 )秒 ,均显著低于无角膜荧光染色患者的 (8 79±6 0 4 )mm和 (8 83± 4 2 9)秒 (P <0 0 1) ;患者合并有全身病时Schirmer试验Ⅰ和BUT分别为 (4 6 2± 4 14 )     

神经营养因子促进角膜上皮损伤修复的研究进展

神经营养因子是一类由神经所支配的组织和星形胶质细胞产生的且为神经元生长与存活所必需的蛋白质分子,可支持神经元生长、发育和功能完整性,在神经系统的发育和生理功能维持中起着重要作用.神经营养因子除了对其所支配的组织发挥调节和功能性作用外,对其生理、生长及代谢也起着重要的神经营养性作用.角膜是人体神经纤维分布最密集的组织,丰富的神经增强了角膜的感觉功能,同时通过分泌多种营养和调节因子维持角膜的正常生理功能和损伤后的再生.近年来,关于神经营养因子促进角膜上皮愈合的研究取得了很大的进展.本文对近年来不同神经营养因子促进角膜上皮损伤后修复研究进展进行综述.     

间充质干细胞对自身免疫性干眼的免疫调控作用研究进展

间充质干细胞(mesonchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有良好的免疫调节功能,可以抑制多种免疫细胞群增殖,直接作用抑制T淋巴细胞的活化增殖,上调Treg细胞或通过分泌可溶性因子调节Th1/Th2反应平衡而发挥免疫调节作用,通过抗炎、调控各类性细胞因子的表达等方面抑制炎性因子的分泌同时促进抑炎因子分泌,降低基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、MMP-9等可能促进泪腺组织损害因子的表达水平,进而发挥其免疫调节作用,MSCs能减轻自身免疫性干眼的临床指标,恢复部分泪腺组织的分泌功能,本文就MSCs对自身免疫性干眼免疫调控的研究进展进行综述.