割烙术治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡疗效机理的研究

用割烙术治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡１６例１６只眼，随访６个月￣２年，治愈率达８１．３％，免疫学检查表明，本病患者有体液体和细胞性免疫异常，作者倾向于认为直接造成蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的机理是由Ⅲ型免疫所应所致，间接的病因机理则与细胞免疫功能低下有关。     

Changes in dimensions of large cancellous bone specimens during histological preparation as measured on slabs from human femoral heads

Summary Distortion of the dimensions of large cancellous bone specimens during all stages of histological processing and cutting of paraffin sections in various directions was measured on Xerograms taken from slabs and then sections from human femoral heads. Although some shrinkage in both width and height of the specimens occurred at every stage of the histological preparation, the main shrinkage (about 6%) occurred during the embedding process, and mainly in the cutting of the sections (10–27%, depending on the direction the knife was approaching the specimen). The shrinkage of cancellous bone tissue during histological preparation appears to be a constant factor, but its magnitude during the individual stages of the preparation can be predicted. For the quantitative measurements a comparison of two Xerograms—one taken from the original fresh bone slab and the other from the final stained section—would reveal the exact extent of the tissue shrinkage.     

The SHARPLAN family of CO2 lasers for surgery

Summary The SHARPLAN laser systems are available with a full range of different powers: a 25 watt office system, a 40 watt and a 60 watt system for general surgery and an 80 watt for high power needs like neurosurgery, all powers measured at tissue.A full range of accessories is available for microsurgery enabling adaptation to the most popular surgical microscopes for cavitational surgery. Super-pulse models are available, minimizing the thermal damage to the tissue exposed to the laser.The interaction of the laser with living tissue and its specific use in neurosurgery are discussed.     

后腹腔镜联合等离子电切镜在上尿路肿瘤手术中的应用

目的总结后腹腔镜联合等离子电切镜行肾输尿管全切除术治疗肾盂、输尿管移行细胞癌的临床经验。方法对18例患者术中先采用尿道等离子电切镜针状电极行患侧输尿管口环形切除,而后行后腹腔镜根治性肾输尿管全切术。结果手术时间150~230min;术中出血量120~250mL;术后8d出院,无严重并发症发生。结论腹膜后腹腔镜联合等离子电切镜行肾输尿管全程除术治疗肾盂、输尿管移行细胞癌安全、有效,实用性强,值得推广应用。     

侧位内括约肌切扩术加中药熏洗治疗肛裂的临床疗效观察

目的应用侧位内括约肌切扩缝合术加中药熏洗治疗肛裂的疗效观察。方法将158例肛裂患者随机分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组79例采用侧位内括约肌切扩缝合术加中药熏洗法治疗,对照组79例采用后正中切扩术法治疗,观察两组疗效情况。结果治疗组总有效率为96.2%,对照组总有效率为68.4%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论侧位内括约肌切扩缝合术加中药熏洗治疗肛裂具有愈合时间短、疼痛程度轻,疗效高,术后无并发症,对肛门外形无影响等优点。     

Research into the Disintegration of Abrasive Materials in the Abrasive Water Jet Machining Process

The size and distribution of abrasive particles have a significant influence on the effectiveness of the cutting process by the high-speed abrasive water jet (AWJ). This paper deals with the disintegration intensity of abrasive materials in AWJ cutting during the creation of the abrasive jet. An evaluation of the abrasive materials was performed after forming in the cutting head was carried out and grain distribution was evaluated using the geometric and logarithmic Folk and Ward method. The influence of the abrasive concentration of abrasive materials such as alluvial garnet, recycled garnet, corundum, and olivine on grain distribution was studied. A recovery analysis was also carried out and the recycling coefficient was determined for each abrasive material tested.