胸、腹水中测定G-CSF的意义

目的观察胸、腹水中G—CH的水平及意义。方法应用中国医学科学院生产的粒细胞集落刺激因子（G—CSF）酶联免疫检测试剂盒对140例胸、腹水标本中G－CSF水平进行检测。结果漏出液组60例，G－CSF阳性检出度为3．3％，渗出液组80例，G－CH阳性检出率为77．5％，经x2检验具有显著性差异，且渗出液阳性标本WBC＞2．0X109／L，以中性粒细胞为主，提示感染性胸、腹水，渗出液18例阴性标本中，WBC计数在0．5—1.2X109／L之间，分类以淋巴细胞为主，提示非感染性渗出液。结论检测胸、腹水中的G－CSF可以鉴别渗出液和漏出液，且可作为诊断感染性渗出浓的重要依据。     

织纹螺麻痹性贝类毒素毒力测定

目的测定引起食物中毒的织纹螺麻痹性贝类毒素的毒力。方法根据出口贝类麻痹性贝类毒素检验方法,小白鼠下腹腔注射织纹螺麻痹性贝类肉质提取液,测定鼠单位(MU)。结果市场水产摊位采集的织纹螺毒力为100g肉中9300MU;食物中毒者家中食用剩余的织纹螺的毒力为100g肉中8370MU,而作为对照的血蛤螺的毒力<400 MU/100g肉。结论引起食物中毒的织纹螺的毒力是国际上规定的安全限值的20.9-23.3倍。     

Microstructure and Phase Evolution of Ti-Al-C-Nb Composites Prepared by In Situ Selective Laser Forming

In the present work, a novel Ti-Al-C-Nb composite was prepared using in situ selective laser forming (ISLF). The formation mechanism of the Ti-Al-C-Nb bulks, which were synthesized using elemental titanium, aluminum, and carbon (graphite) powders via ISLF techniques, was investigated. The results showed that the Ti₃Al and TiC phases were the dominant synthesis products during the chemical reactions, and these occurred during the ISLF process. The size of the fine nanoscale crystal TiC grains could reach 157 nm at an energy level of 60 J/mm³. The porous structure of the ISLF specimens was disclosed, and an open porosity of 20–44% was determined via the scanning speed and the laser power. Both the high dynamic viscosity and the reactions of the raw powders led to the generation of a considerable number of pores, whereas the specimen processed using 45 W and 100 mm/s possessed the lowest degree of open porosity.     

Picosecond Laser Shock Micro-Forming of Stainless Steel: Influence of High-Repetition Pulses on Thermal Effects

A study of the peen forming of thin stainless steel metal foils (50 μm thick) using a solid-state ps-pulsed laser, emitting at a wavelength of 1064 nm was conducted. The pitch distance between consecutive laser pulses was kept constant by tuning the laser repetition rate from 0.4 to 10 kHz, and subsequently the scanning speed. The induced bending angle and the radius of curvature were used to measure the effect of the treatment. Their dependence on the pulse energy, the treated area, the distance between lines, and the laser repetition rate was studied. High repetition rates do not allow the sample to cool down, affecting the bending to the point of being negligible. An FEM simulation and experiments were carried out to prove that the increase in temperature due to high repetition rate can relax the stresses induced by laser peen treatment, thus preventing bending in the sample.     

Design of Multi-Stage Roll Die Forming Process for Drum Clutch with Artificial Neural Network

The multi-stage roll die forming (RDF) process is a plastic forming process that can manufacture a transmission part with a complex shape, such as a drum clutch, by using a die set with rotational rolls. However, it is difficult to satisfy dimensional accuracy because of spring-back and unfilling. The purpose of this study is to design a multi-stage RDF process for the manufacturing of a drum clutch to improve dimensional accuracy using an artificial neural network (ANN). Finite element (FE) simulation of the multi-stage RDF process is performed to predict the dimensional accuracy according to various clearances for each stage. Moreover, the ANN is used to determine the relationship between the clearance and dimensional accuracy of the drum clutch to reduce the number of FE simulation. The results of the FE simulation and ANN are used to determine the optimal clearance for each stage of the RDF process. Finally, the drum clutch is fabricated using the determined conditions. The experimental results are in good agreement with the results of FE simulation from the aspect of outer diameter, inner diameter, thickness of outer tooth, thickness of inner tooth, and face thickness of tooth.     

激光立体成形镍铬烤瓷合金的生物安全性评价

目的 评价激光立体成形Ni-62.9Cr-23烤瓷合金的生物安全性.方法 参照GB/T16886-2003和YY/T0279-1995以及YY/T0244-1996标准对激光立体成形镍铬烤瓷合金进行4种体内外实验,即细胞毒性实验、短期全身毒性实验、溶血实验及口腔黏膜刺激实验.结果 激光立体成形Ni-62.9Cr-23烤瓷合金细胞毒性实验评级为0～1级,无明显细胞毒性作用,未见任何短期伞身毒性反应,溶血程度为0.385%,口腔黏膜刺激实验未见异常组织学反应.结论 由以上结果可以初步认为激光立体成形Ni-62.9Cr-23烤瓷合金具有良好的生物安全性,是一种理想的生物材料.     

In vitro and in vivo effects of JAK2 inhibition in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

In chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), colony‐forming units granulocyte/macrophage (CFU‐GM), which grow in vitro in the absence of exogenous growth factors, arise from the abnormal clone that is responsible for the overproduction of granulomonocytic cells. Previous in vitro findings including ours suggest that divergent molecular aberrations in CMML seem to converge within the GM‐CSF signaling pathway. As JAK2 is a sentinel kinase in this pathway, JAK2 inhibition may be an attractive treatment approach in CMML. We investigated the in vitro effects of the specific JAK2 inhibitor TG101209 on the autonomous CFU‐GM formation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CMML. TG101209 was found to either block or strongly inhibit spontaneous CFU‐GM growth in all 10 patients tested. This inhibitory effect was dose dependent and significantly more pronounced as compared to the inhibitory effect on stimulated CFU‐GM growth from normal individuals. In a CMML patient with splenomegaly, who was treated with the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib off label, we can demonstrate a spleen response and the disappearance of constitutional symptoms which was associated with a decrease in autonomous CFU‐GM formation ex vivo. Pharmacological JAK2 inhibition may be an interesting approach to be systematically studied in patients with CMML.     

A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis treated with whole lung lavage

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis represents a rare syndrome characterized by the accumulation of proteinaceous phospholipid-laden material in the alveoli. This leads to impaired gas exchange and arterial hypoxemia of varying degrees. The diagnosis is confirmed by lung biopsy. Sequential whole-lung lavage (WLL) first described in 1963 is the standard of care. We report a case of a male diagnosed of having pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) on transbroncial lung biopsy (TBLB). He was treated with sequential WLL (Left followed by right, Left being more involved on chest X-ray) followed by recombinant GM-CSF, with good result.