Influence of the Addition of Dispersible Color Powder and Polyacrylic Emulsion on the Durability of Cement Mortar

Cement mortar can be colored using color additive technology to give colorful facades to the surfaces of buildings, and to beautify the environment. In this study, weight ratios of color powder/cement at 1:80, 1:40, and 1:27, and polyacrylic emulsion/cement at a ratio of 1:5 were added as pigments to cement mortar; the fresh properties, slump, slump flow, hardened properties, compressive strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, durability, surface electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of the colored cement mortar were then examined. The results showed that adding color powder/cement at 1:80 and polyacrylic emulsion/cement at 1:5 gives the best water/cement (W/C) ratio, which equals 0.5; this can effectively improve the hardness and durability of colored cement mortar. At 28 days of aging, the strength of the various colored cement mortars was maintained at 33.1–36.8 MPa. The acrylic-based emulsion significantly improved the flexural strength of the specimen. At 91 days of aging, all of the cement mortars exceeded the control group, with an anti-bay strength of 19.9–21.7 MPa, and the strength increased with aging. Adding appropriate amounts of inorganic color powder and mixing water can effectively enhance the fresh and hardened properties and durability of the colored cement mortar, while polyacrylic emulsion may significantly improve the test pieces and flexural strength, which increases with age. Moreover, natural α-Fe₂O₃ (rust layer) is formed on the surface of the colored cement mortar samples through the addition of inorganic color powder that contains Fe(III) ion; this prevents the intrusion of noxious ions and thus increases the durability. All of the test pieces of colored cement mortar in this study had a surface resistance of over 20 kΩ-cm on the seventh day of the test period, meaning good surface compactness. In addition, because the thermal conductivity of the added inorganic color powder was higher than that of cement, the thermal conductivity was significantly improved.     

Phase Transformation after Heat Treatment of Cr-Ni Stainless Steel Powder for 3D Printing

Today, Ni-Cr steel is used for advanced applications in the high-temperature and electrical industries, medical equipment, food industry, agriculture and is applied in food and beverage packaging and kitchenware, automotive or mesh. A study of input steel powder from various stages of the recycling process intended for 3D printing was conducted. In addition to the precise evaluation of the morphology, particle size and composition of the powders used for laser 3D printing, special testing and evaluation of the heat-treated powders were carried out. Heat treatment up to 950 °C in an air atmosphere revealed the properties of powders that can appear during laser sintering. The powders in the oxidizing atmosphere change the phase composition and the original FeNiCr stainless steel changes to a two-phase system of Fe₃Ni and Cr₂O₃, as evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Observation of the morphology showed the separation of the oxidic phase in the sense of a brittle shell. The inner part of the powder particle is a porous compact core. The particle size is generally reduced due to the peeling of the oxide shell. This effect can be critical to 3D printing processing, causing defects on the printed parts, as well as reducing the usability of the precursor powder and can also change the properties of the printed part.     

《伤寒论》176条＂表有热,里有寒＂析义

《伤寒论》176条是伤寒论中争议较大的条文之一.后世关于此条众说纷纭,傅元谋教授独辟蹊径揭示出176条＂表＂实为阳明,＂里＂实为太阴,很好的解释了此条文的意义.     

温肺散寒化痰定喘法治疗小儿寒性哮喘临床研究

目的：探讨温肺散寒化痰定喘法治疗小儿寒性哮喘的临床疗效。方法：将254例小儿患者随机分为两组,治疗组130例,采用温肺散寒化痰定喘法治疗,方用小青龙汤合三子养亲汤（方药组成：麻黄、桂枝、细辛、干姜、半夏、五味子、白芍、白芥子、紫苏子、莱菔子）治疗;对照组124例,采用西药抗生素配合口服氨茶碱、酮替酚及特布他林气雾吸入,均以7d为1个疗程。结果：治疗组有效率89．23％,对照组有效率79．03％,经χ2检验,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：温肺散寒化痰定喘法治疗小儿寒性哮喘有良好效果。     

微粉硅胶用于白芷提取物粉体改性及其促进元胡止痛分散片崩解的原理研究

目的 研究微粉硅胶用于白芷提取物粉体改性及其促进元胡止痛分散片崩解的原理.方法 采用混合与液相分散两种方法,微粉硅胶3％、5％、7％3种改性剂量对白芷提取物进行粉体改性,研究粉体改性前后在红外光谱、比表面积与孔隙度、接触角、差示扫描量热、扫描电镜的差异及其对元胡止痛分散片崩解时间的影响.结果 红外光谱显示液相分散法与混合法的改性方式相同,均属物理改性;改性后,粉体的比表面积与孔隙体积显著增加,接触角显著降低,热效应显著变化;当微粉硅胶用量达到5％时,两种方法均能改善元胡止痛分散片的崩解性能.结论 增强白芷提取物比表面积,增强吸水性、润湿性,分散提取物,降低黏性可能是微粉硅胶改性及促进分散片崩解的主要机制.     

寒凝血瘀对结肠癌肺转移模型小鼠肺组织VEGF、 MMP-2表达的影响

目的:观察寒凝血瘀状态下Balb/c 小鼠C26 人工血行肺转移组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)表达.方法:将小鼠随机分为空白对照组、寒凝血瘀组、单纯荷瘤组、复合造模组,分别进行造模,通过免疫组化、Western Blot方法检测肺转移灶中VEGF、MMP-2的表达.结果:复合造模组小鼠基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)表达高于单纯荷瘤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),复合造模组小鼠血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达较单纯荷瘤组小鼠有增高趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:寒凝血瘀状态可能通过促使结肠癌小鼠肿瘤组织VEGF和MMP-2表达的上调,促使小鼠C26结肠癌血行肺转移,促进疾病进展.     

涌泉灸配合健脾利湿方治疗慢性下肢静脉性水肿湿邪瘀阻型疗效观察

目的：观察涌泉灸配合健脾利湿通络方治疗慢性下肢静脉性水肿湿邪瘀阻证临床疗效。方法：将符合纳入标准的67例慢性下肢静脉性水肿湿邪瘀阻证患者,随机分为两组,对照组（n=33）艾灸涌泉治疗,试验组（n=34）在对照组基础上服用健脾利湿方通络方治疗。两组患者均治疗4周,比较两组患者治疗前后症状及体征积分、患肢周径差,中医证候积分、炎症因子水平和安全性。结果：治疗组的总有效率是91.17%,高于对照组的总有效率69.70%（P=0.026）;两组患者治疗后患肢症状及体征积分、下肢周径差、中医证候积分、炎性因子（IL-6和TNF-α）均低于治疗前（P＜0.05）。治疗过程中,两组患者的肝、肾功能均未见异常。结论：涌泉灸配合健脾利湿通络方治疗慢性下肢静脉性水肿能够明显改善患肢的症状、体征,提高患肢功能,还可以减轻机体炎症反应。     

蒙脱石散联合达克宁散治疗婴幼儿红臀的疗效观察

目的：观察蒙脱石散联合达克宁散治疗婴幼儿尿布皮炎的效果。方法：将176例尿布皮炎患儿按照随机数字表法分为试验组96例和对照组80例,常规处理局部后,试验组采用蒙脱石散联合达克宁散混合剂外涂皮损部位;对照组采用0.02%高锰酸钾溶液泡浴臀部,再用棉布吸干水分后局部外涂金霉素软膏,比较两组治疗效果。结果：对照组总有效率为85.00%,试验组总有效率为97.92%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（X2=15.6382,P〈0.01）。结论：应用蒙脱石散联合达克宁散治疗婴幼儿红臀疗效显著,且操作简单,使用方便,节省时间,可提高护士的工作效率,又能缩短住院天数,免除了患者的经济负担,具有可用性和实用性,临床上值得推广。     

冷适应过程中大鼠脑垂体、下丘脑和血浆生物活性肽的变化及其对免疫功能的影响

我们采用RP-HPLC方法研究了SD纯系雄性大鼠冷适应期间脑垂体(P)、下丘脑(HT)和血浆(BP)生物活性肽变化。冷适应期间P、HT和BP肽类(MW≤30000)RP-HPLC图谱均出现一些新的肽洗脱峰。而且,所有这些肽类都能增强淋巴细胞(LC)转化活性。在P和HT肽类刺激下,脾LC[~3H]-TdR参入分别增加725 cpm(P<0.01)和1274 cpm(P<0.001)。将这些肽类进一步经Sep-Pack C_(18)柱纯化后仍分别增加[~3H]-TdR参入cpm值597(P<0.05)和333。这些结果表明了免疫系统(ImS)与神经内分泌系统(NES)双向调节环路的一个方面:NES作用于ImS。