徐长卿种子质量的比较研究

目的考查不同生长状况下徐长卿种子的质量。方法测定种子的千粒重及发芽率。结果山东徐长卿种子的千粒重在3.63~6.17g,发芽率在85%~98%。26℃的温度易于种子萌发。结论2年生植株产的种子质量优于1年生植株的种子。随着时间的延长,徐长卿种子的发芽率受到一定影响。     

Quality characteristics of bread and cookies enriched with debittered Moringa oleifera seed flour

The effects of replacing wheat flour with 0–15% debittered moringa seed (DBMS) flour on the dough rheology of wheat flour and physical, sensory and chemical properties of bread were studied. Incorporation of an increasing amount of DBMS from 0 to 15% decreased farinograph water absorption, dough stability, amylograph peak viscosity and overall quality of bread. The bread with 10% DBMS had a typical moringa seed taste and was acceptable. Addition of combination of additives improved the dough strength and quality of bread with 10% DBMS flour. Replacement of wheat flour with 10%, 20% and 30% DBMS grits was found to affect cookies quality. Cookies with 20% DBMS grits had the nutty taste of moringa seeds and were acceptable. Bread with 10% DBMS flour and cookies with 20% DBMS grits had more protein, iron and calcium. Incorporating moringa seeds in baked foods may be exploited as a means of boosting nutrition in Africa and Asia where malnutrition is prevalent.     

种姜和播种方式对黄丝郁金块根产量的影响

目的:研究种姜和播种方式对植株生长及郁金块根产量影响,为其规范化种植提供科学依据。方法:田间采用二因素裂区设计,齐苗后调查出苗数,定期调查株高,收获时测定小区产量,并对试验结果进行方差分析。结果:种姜对出苗数、株高和郁金块根产量都存在显著影响,不同播种方式对郁金块根产量无显著影响,两者间存在显著的互作效应。结论:窝播配合未发芽的具3～4节的子姜或母姜作种时,郁金块根产量最高。     

CO2激光对大叶龙胆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

目的 研究CO2激光对大叶龙胆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。方法 使用不同剂量的CO2激光辐照大叶龙胆湿种子，观察不同光照条件下种子的萌发情况，并研究激光处理后的幼苗生长情况。结果 光照条件下．激光可提高大叶龙胆种子的发芽势及发芽率，但对黑暗条件培养的种子无明显促萌发作用。低剂量激光还可提高大叶龙胆幼苗的叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量，促进幼苗生长。结论 低剂量的CO2激光可促进光照条件下的大叶龙胆种子萌发及幼苗生长。     

丹参种子形态结构与吸水萌发特性

目的 :系统研究丹参种子的形态结构与吸水萌发特性 ,为丹参规范化栽培提供理论依据和技术参考。方法 :形态结构研究采用扫描电子显微镜观察并拍照 ;种子吸水 /脱水速率用重量法 ,种子发芽条件研究参照国家农作物种子检验规程和国际标准的有关规定进行。结果 :①通过种子形态结构观察发现 ,在丹参果实的果皮外层有 10～20μm厚度的黏液物质覆盖 ,并形成菱形网纹结构 ,其重量占种子重量的 8%～ 10 % ;②黏液物质能够迅速吸水膨胀 ,2h吸水量可达种子原重的 10倍以上 ,而脱水速率却远低于吸水 ;③丹参种子发芽的最适温度在 25℃左右 ,当年的新种子发芽率可以达到 75%以上 ,在 23℃ ,28℃变温条件下发芽势与活力指数最高。同时发现 ,预先冷冻、PEG引发和GA₃ 浸种等处理技术可以明显提高丹参种子的发芽率。     

中药材北沙参种子DNA条形码鉴定研究

目的：本研究旨在建立鉴定北沙参种子的新方法,确保药材生产种植中种质基原准确。方法：对北沙参不同产地种子经初步形态特征鉴定后,取单粒种子为一份样品,提取基因组DNA、PCR扩增、双向测序拼接获得ITS2序列,结合序列比对、变异位点分析,基于中药材DNA条形码鉴定系统（http://www.tcmbarcode.cn）,系统地完成种子样品的分子鉴定。结果：研究表明66份种子样品中,64份与《中国药典中药材DNA条形码标准序列》中北沙参序列特征一致,2份样品序列中各有一处SNP位点,为北沙参暂未发现过的遗传多样性信息,鉴定结果显示为北沙参。结论：DNA条形码技术能准确鉴定北沙参种子,并为中药材种子鉴定提供新方法,同时SNP位点的发现为后续研究北沙参品种多样性问题提供参考。     

鹰嘴豆黄酮对大鼠高血脂症形成过程中脂代谢的干预作用

研究鹰嘴豆黄酮对高脂饲料喂养吓大鼠诱发高血脂症过程中干预血脂代谢的情况。将60只SD雄性大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、高血脂模型组、辛伐他汀阳性药组（20mg／kg·bw）、鹰嘴豆黄酮高剂量组（30mg／kg·bw）、中剂量组（20mg／kg·bw）、低剂量组（10mg／kg·bw）,分别饲喂标准、高脂、高脂＋辛伐他汀、高脂＋不同剂量鹰嘴豆黄酮,于实验开始前1天和开始后第4、8、12周末取空腹血,检测血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度降低（P〈0．01）,而HDL—C升高（P〈0．01）。研究表明鹰嘴豆黄酮可以对高脂饲料喂养大鼠诱发高血脂症过程中血脂代谢产生影响,改善血脂变化。     

Analysis of Robusta coffee cultivated in agroforestry systems (AFS) by ESI-FT-ICR MS and portable NIR associated with sensory analysis

Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI(±)FT-ICR MS) and portable micro near-infrared spectroscopy (microNIR), coupled to sensory analysis, were used to propose a new analytical methodology to observe the characteristics of Robusta coffees cultivated in agroforestry systems (AFS). Principal component analysis (PCA) chemometric models provided excellent discrimination of the samples analyzed by ESI(±)FT-ICR mass spectra for the ground coffee grains. Analysis of the spectra allowed for identification of the compounds responsible for distinguishing the samples grown with different intercropping AFS species. The microNIR results corroborated the ESI(-)FT-ICR MS data and the sensory analysis, by grouping together coffees grown in AFS intercropped with Gliricidia sepium and Inga edulis. The coupling of these analytical techniques shows promise in coffee quality control, presenting advantages such as collection at point analysis, speed, and analytical reliability.     

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Investigating the inhibitory activity of green coffee and cacao bean extracts on pancreatic lipase

The present study investigated the effects of green coffee bean extract and Theobroma cacao bean extract on pancreatic lipase activity in vitro. Green coffee bean extract produced a J‐shaped dose‐dependent inhibition of pancreatic lipase with the percentage inhibition of pancreatic lipase ranging from 11.8% to 61.5%. Similar concentrations of Theobroma cacao failed to produce any effect on pancreatic lipase. Non‐linear regression analysis revealed that the concentration of green coffee bean extract required to elicit a 50% inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity (IC50) was approximately 43 µM. In conclusion, extracts of green coffee beans but not Theobroma cacao possess potent inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase.