山茶籽对去卵巢和非去卵巢雌性大鼠肝组织影响的实验研究

目的:通过观察山茶籽对去卵巢和非去卵巢雌性大鼠肝组织结构和功能的影响,为山茶籽在妇女疾病的防治和保健提供实验依据。方法:选取6月龄健康雌性大鼠80只,分成4组。对照组(Normal)、去卵巢模型组(OVX)、山茶籽+去卵巢组(Ts+OVX)和山茶籽+对照组(Ts+Normal)。Ts+OVX组和Ts+Normal组,用山茶籽醇提物水溶液灌胃,10 ml.kg-1.d-1(5 g生药/g),两个治疗组的连续用药12周。12周后,麻醉大鼠取左心血,处死后取肝脏。肝切片光镜观察肝组织形态结构,并对血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、白蛋白(A)和球蛋白(G);肝匀浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)清除率进行测定,数据进行统计学分析。结果:与Normal组比较,两个治疗组肝体质量比、血清AST、ALT和A/G及肝匀浆GSH-Px、MDA和清除率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),肝组织切片没有肝组织损害病理改变。结论:山茶籽醇提物对去卵巢和非去卵巢雌性大鼠没有肝损害作用。     

Quality characteristics of bread and cookies enriched with debittered Moringa oleifera seed flour

The effects of replacing wheat flour with 0–15% debittered moringa seed (DBMS) flour on the dough rheology of wheat flour and physical, sensory and chemical properties of bread were studied. Incorporation of an increasing amount of DBMS from 0 to 15% decreased farinograph water absorption, dough stability, amylograph peak viscosity and overall quality of bread. The bread with 10% DBMS had a typical moringa seed taste and was acceptable. Addition of combination of additives improved the dough strength and quality of bread with 10% DBMS flour. Replacement of wheat flour with 10%, 20% and 30% DBMS grits was found to affect cookies quality. Cookies with 20% DBMS grits had the nutty taste of moringa seeds and were acceptable. Bread with 10% DBMS flour and cookies with 20% DBMS grits had more protein, iron and calcium. Incorporating moringa seeds in baked foods may be exploited as a means of boosting nutrition in Africa and Asia where malnutrition is prevalent.     

Exploring the mechanism of Peganum harmala L. seeds on hepatocellular carcinoma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Peganum harmala L. is a medicinal plant, and its seeds have been used to treat gastrointestinal cancer and malaria for a long time in North-Western China. In the present study, we aimed to probe the potential molecular targets and pharmacological mechanisms of Peganum harmala L. seeds (PHS) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using network analysis and molecular docking. First, the chemical ingredients of PHS were obtained from TCMID and BATMAN-TCM databases, and the effective ingredients were screened by SwissADME. Furthermore, the target information of the effective ingredients was acquired from PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Secondly, HCC-related targets were obtained from Liverome, DisGeNET, and GeneCards databases. The intersection with the PHS was obtained. The "compounds-targets" was drawn using Cytoscape software, and PPI network diagrams were drawn using their intersection targets. GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out using the DAVID database. Finally, molecular docking was conducted between protein receptors and the active components using AutoDockTools. Our results showed 105 intersection targets of PHS with HCC. Moreover, 10 core targets included ALB, AKT1, EGFR, CASP3, SRC, ESR1, MAPK3, MMP9, ANXA5, and MAPK1. Besides, 404 GO functional annotations were obtained, including 287 biological processes, 37 cell compositions, and 80 molecular functions. In addition, 110 signaling molecules and pathways, including chemical oncogene receptors, PI3K-Akt pathway, HCC, and hepatitis B, were identified. The molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of the 10 core targets and the 12 active components were all less than –5 kcal/mol. In conclusion, this study expounded on the "component-target-pathway" interaction mechanism of PHS for the treatment of HCC, and it also provided a scientific basis for the clinical application of PHS.     

Hypolipidaemic Effect of Fenugreek Seeds: a Chronic Study in Non-insulin Dependent Diabetic Patients

The lipid lowering activity of fenugreek seeds ( Trigonella foenum graecum L.) was studied in 60 non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects. Isocaloric diets without and with fenugreek were given for 7 days and 24 weeks respectively. Ingestion of an experimental diet containing 25 g fenugreek seed powder resulted in a significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. These results indicate the beneficial effect of fenugreek seeds in diabetic subjects.     

不同浓度的外源NO对刺五加种子激素及酶含量变化的影响

目的:研究外源NO对刺五加种子解除休眠及萌发过程中内源激素及酶的变化规律,为打破刺五加种子休眠和人工栽培提供依据。方法:考察不同浓度(1,5,10,20 mmol·L~(-1))的外源NO供体硝普钠(SNP)处理刺五加种子,而后进行变温层积处理。采用高效液相色谱法检测出在不同层积时间(0,30,50,80,100,130 d)的内源激素赤霉素(GA3),脱落酸(ABA),吲哚乙酸(IAA),吲哚丁酸(IBA)及水杨酸(SA)含量变化。采用酶标仪全程监测体内酶[过氧化氢酶(CAT),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化物酶(POD),丙二醛(MDA)]水平的变化。结果:在刺五加种子萌发过程中,GA3,IAA,IBA和SA的含量逐渐增大,脱落酸的含量逐渐减小。POD和MDA水平显著下降,CAT和SOD的酶活力显著上升。外源NO可以提高刺五加种子萌发率,缩短种子萌发时间,20 mmol·L~(-1)SNP促进种子萌发效果最为明显,10 mmol·L~(-1)SNP促进种子萌发效果最弱,呈"V"型变化。结论:SNP促进刺五加种子萌发可能通过提高种子萌发过程中的激素和酶的含量,以提高种子内源NO含量而实现。     

放射性粒子103 Pd与缓释化疗粒子联合应用靶向治疗肝癌

目的探讨应用放、化疗粒子联合植入法综合治疗肝癌的可行性、安全性及短期疗效。方法自2001年12月～2004年12月，应用放、化疗粒子联合植入法综合治疗复发性直肠癌48例。在治疗计划指导下，交替植入5-Fu缓释化疗粒子和放射性。Pd粒子。放射性粒子的肿瘤匹配周边剂量（Matched Peripheral dose，MPD）为90～130Gy。平均每例使用^103Pd粒子10粒，5-Fu 1000mg。结果48例病人手术均顺利完成，未发生出血、感染等并发症，经摄片证实放射性粒子的位置无变化。疼痛缓解率为95．83％（46／48），平均疼痛缓解时间为5～9d。于术后3～6个月CT复查肿瘤变化，提示瘤体不同程度缩小，其中11例完全缓解，27例部分缓解，9例稳定，局部控制率为79．17％。随访6～28个月，中住生存期为17个月，最长1例随访时间为术后26个月，现仍存活。1例术后6个月死于全身广泛转移。结论放射性^103Pd粒子和5-Fu缓释化疗粒子联合应用局部植入技术具有安全、微创及并发症发生率低的特点，是综合治疗肝癌的较有效手段之一。     

南瓜子的研究进展

本文对近年来有关南瓜子的化学成分、药理作用、临床应用等方面的研究进展作一概述。其化学成分主要含有脂肪酸，植物甾醇，氨基酸，维生素和矿物质等。药理研究表明有驱除寄生虫，降低LDL胆固醇，抗炎，缓解高血压，减少膀胱和尿道张力等作用，毒性很小。临床报道用于治疗绦虫病，血吸虫病，前列腺炎，前列腺增生，改善膀胱刺激征，防止尿道结石形成等。     

金莲花种子品质检验及质量标准研究

目的:建立金莲花种子品质检验方法和质量分级标准.方法:通过测定不同产地金莲花种子净度、千粒重、含水率、发芽情况等指标,观察种子的外部特征,利用SPSS 12.0软件中的K聚类分析方法,初步制定金莲花种子的分级标准.结果与结论:测定了不同产地金莲花种子品质,并初步制订了金莲花种子质量分级标准.