音乐和非音乐专业大学生自尊与人际关系研究

目的 探讨音乐和非音乐专业大学生自尊与人际关系是否存在差异,以及自尊与人际关系二者之间的关系.方法 采用罗森伯格自尊量表与人际关系综合诊断量表对聊城大学的150名音乐与非音乐专业的大学生进行调查.结果 音乐专业的大学生自尊水平显著高于非音乐专业的大学生,但人际关系不存在显著差异;自尊与人际关系困扰以及不同维度呈显著负相...     

Lignan constituents of Tilia amurensis and their biological evaluation on antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities

In the recent decade, numerous lignan derivatives isolated from plants have been proven to have the potential as an anti-cancer substance. On the search for anti-cancer compounds from Korean medicinal plants, the methanolic extract from the trunk of Tilia amurensis Rupr. (Tiliaceae) was found to have significant cytotoxicity against A549 (lung carcinoma), SK-OV-3 (ovary malignant ascites), SK-MEL-2 (skin melanoma), and HCT-15 (colon adenocarcinoma) in our screening test. Hence, a bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical investigation of the methanolic extract resulted in the isolation and identification of 10 lignan derivatives (1–10) including two new lignan glycosides named tiliamurosides A (1) and B (2). The structures of these new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, namely 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), circular dichroism (CD) data, and chemical methods. Tiliamuroside B (2) and schizandriside (3) showed significant cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT-15 cell lines with inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 3.26–8.89 μM. Moreover, (−)-syringaresinol (8) and (−)-pinoresinol 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (10) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in murine microglia BV-2 with IC₅₀ values of 15.05 and 34.35 μM, respectively.     

Psychometric properties of the CAST and SDS scales in young adult cannabis users

Aim

To assess the validity of two cannabis use severity scales among young cannabis users and to evaluate their ability to detect Substance Use Disorders (SUD).

Participants

241 volunteers (18–25 years), with a wide spectrum of cannabis use in the last 12 months.

Measurements

The Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) and Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) were self-administered. The Psychiatric Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM) was used as gold standard for cannabis use disorders according to DSM-IV. Reliability and validity were assessed for two different CAST coding algorithms (b—binary and f—full) and for the SDS. In addition, the cannabis use diagnostic criteria contained in the PRISM were grouped to approximate forthcoming proposed DSM-V criteria to further evaluate these scales.

Findings

26.6% (95% CI: 21.0–32.2) of the subjects met criteria for cannabis dependence, and 49.0% (95% CI: 42.7–55.3) for cannabis use disorders. For both scales internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.71) and test–retest intraclass correlation coefficients (> 0.80) were good. The score 12 in the CAST-full discriminated better than others between presence and absence of dependence (27.0%; 95% CI: 21.4–32.6) while the score for discrimination of SUD was 9 (51.5%; 95% CI: 45.1–57.8). For the SDS the values were 7 (22.0%; 95% CI: 16.8–27.2) and 3 (64.7%; 95% CI: 58.7–70.8), respectively. According to proposed DSM-V criteria, for moderate and severe addiction the values for the CAST-f were 7 (68.5%; 95% CI: 62.5–74.3) and 12 (27%; 95% CI: 21.3–32.6) and for the SDS, 3 (65.0%; 95% CI: 58.7–70.8) and 7 (22%; 95% CI: 17.0–34.3), respectively.

Conclusions

The CAST and SDS applied to young cannabis users are reliable and valid measures to detect cannabis use disorders when compared to both DSM-IV and proposed DSM-V criteria.     

基于多尺度融合和相关性分析的全方向M型心动图优化研究

针对全方向M型心动图在对目标运动曲线检测过程因虚假边缘点而存在误检问题进行研究,在充分分析全方向M型心动图特点的基础上,设计一种结合多尺度融合和相关性分析的全方向M型心动图检测算法。该算法首先通过构建小波函数在不同的固定尺度空间下进行运动曲线检测,然后对不同尺度下检测出的运动曲线进行融合,最后结合心脏运动的相关性信息生成正确的运动曲线。通过LEJ-2型全方向M型系统的实验表明,该算法能自动去除全方向M型心动图中目标运动曲线的虚假边缘、无关噪声等干扰,同时准确保留有用信息,从而大大减轻系统的人工干预程度,实现了对国家发明专利全方向M型心动图方法及其系统98 125713.5系统的优化设计。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与卒中后抑郁相关性研究

目的:探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸水平(HCY)与卒中后抑郁(PSD)的相关性。方法:对经头颅CT和(或)MRI确诊的172例缺血性卒中患者进行汉米尔顿抑郁量表评分,分为PSD组和对照组,同时所有患者检测HCY,并分析HCY与PSD的相关性。结果:PSD组患者平均血浆HCY水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。PSD组高同型半胱氨酸血症者显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:HCY与PSD具有密切的相关性。     

A rapid method for profiling samples of illicit heroin

The aim of this investigation was to profile samples of illicit heroin. It involved derivatization and gas chromatographic separation followed by a fully automated data analysis. Six major constituents (acetylcodeine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, papaverine, noscapine, codeine, and morphine) were tested and analyzed. The square cosine function was used to evaluate correlation values. The method proved to be efficient and reliable providing information on links between illicit heroin samples.     

Stability of immunophenotypic markers in fixed peripheral blood for extended analysis using flow cytometry

The analysis of whole blood samples by flow cytometry for pharmacodynamic and biomarker assessments in clinical studies has been limited by the necessity to test these samples within a short time frame after blood collection. In most clinical studies, blood specimens are shipped to a centralized testing facility; it is critical to demonstrate specimen stability over a period of time which will encompass the time elapsed between specimen collection and testing. A possible solution to overcome this limitation is the use of a fixative to preserve the cell surface antigen stability in whole blood. We examined the stability of markers for T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RA, and CD45RO), B lymphocytes (CD19), NK cells (CD16 + CD56), activation (CD25 and HLA-DR), chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CXCR3) and skin homing (CLA) in fixed blood over 7 days and used this information to select the markers for global clinical studies. These assays with selected markers were further validated using fit-for-purpose approach (Lee et al., 2006) and to set the sample acceptability criteria for use in clinical sample testing. Most of the markers examined were stable when collected in Cyto-Chex® BCT for one week with the exception of the activation markers on T cells.     

护理专业学生批判性思维气质与技能的相关性研究

目的 探讨护理专业学生(下称护生)批判性思维气质和技能水平及二者相关性,为批判性思维的教学和评价提供依据.方法 应用中文版批判性思维气质测量表(CTDI-CV)和加利福尼亚批判性思维技能测量表(CCTST)对496名大专护生进行问卷调查.结果 护生CTDI-CV和CCTST总分分别为284.69±29.34和12.79±3.24,两者呈正相关(P＜0.05),但相关程度较低(r=0.136);CTDI-CV总分与推理、演绎推理和归纳推理呈正相关(均P＜0.05);CCTST总分与寻找真相、开放思想、分析能力和求知欲特质呈正相关(均P＜0.05);技能水平不同的护生CTDI-CV总分及寻找真相、分析能力、系统化能力、批判性思维自信心、求知欲评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);正性和非正性气质水平护生CCTST总分比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),推理和演绎推理得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 护生批判性思维气质达中等偏上水平,技能水平偏低,两者相关性较低;技能和气质呈现不平衡发展,技能培养是薄弱环节,提示教育者需将技能和气质培养置于同等重要的地位.     

The Rewarming Index Formula for Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Perfusion

Careful rewarming of perfusion blood following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery is critical to a successful outcome, but the optimal rewarming strategy is not clear. The purpose of this study was to derive a formula for a rewarming index (defined as [rewarming time × perfusion flow]/[body weight × body surface area]) that would enable the calculation of the ideal rewarming conditions for pediatric cardiopulmonary perfusion. We retrospectively investigated 220 pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass operations conducted from July 2005 to June 2008 in Okayama University Hospital, Japan. We determined the formula as Φ = (T × Q)/(R × S) = |0.9127P ? 0.0152|, where Φ = rewarming index, T = rewarming time (min), Q = perfusion volume (L), R = body weight (kg), S = body surface area (m²), and P = temperature gap (). The formula will help those who perform pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery to establish ideal perfusion flow conditions and to control physiological temperature during rewarming.