Is benzoyl peroxide 3% topical gel effective and safe in the treatment of acne vulgaris in Japanese patients? A multicenter,randomized, double‐blind,vehicle‐controlled,parallel‐group study

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an anti‐acne medication is not yet approved in Japan. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a once‐daily topical application of BPO 3% gel versus an inert vehicle gel in Japanese acne patients. Three hundred and sixty patients were randomized to receive BPO 3% or vehicle for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy end‐point was absolute change in number of total lesions (TL) from baseline to week 12 to demonstrate the superiority of BPO 3% versus vehicle. Secondary efficacy end‐points were absolute and percent change in TL, inflammatory lesions (IL), non‐inflammatory lesions (non‐IL) and Investigator's Static Global Assessment (ISGA). Change in TL counts from baseline to week 12 for BPO 3% was superior to vehicle (difference, ?21.0; P < 0.001). Absolute and percent reductions in TL, IL and non‐IL counts were greater for BPO 3% at all study visits. The proportion of patients with improvement in ISGA scores was significantly higher with BPO 3% than with vehicle from week 2. All adverse events were mild or moderate. Adverse drug‐related reactions were higher for BPO 3% (30%) than with vehicle (5%). Local tolerability scores of grade 1 or more (slight to moderate) were more frequent with BPO 3% than vehicle with the most significant differences observed in dryness (56% vs 27% at week 1–4), peeling (19% vs 9% at week 1–2) and burning/stinging (58% vs 15% at week 1–12). These results indicate that BPO 3% is effective while maintaining a favorable safety and tolerability profile in Japanese acne patients.     

乌头内生细菌组成分析

目的 揭示乌头内生细菌的菌群组成及其与生物碱含量的相关性。方法 运用高通量测序分析不同产地乌头叶、茎和根组织内生细菌的16S rDNA V4区,基于测序结果进行内生细菌的多样性分析、物种分类、差异及相似性分析。运用高效液相色谱法分析不同产地乌头叶、茎和根组织乌头类生物碱含量,并对乌头各组织的内生细菌相对丰度和生物碱含量之间进行相关性分析。结果 乌头内生细菌主要由4门,9纲,16目,36属组成;不同产地乌头的内生细菌丰度和多样性均存在差异,但核心菌群组成相似,以变形菌门（Proteobacteria）占主导;共发现6种操作分类单元（operational taxonomic units,OTU）与乌头根组织生物碱含量之间存在相关性。结论 不同产地乌头内生细菌组成存在差异但核心菌群相似,部分内生细菌丰度与生物碱含量之间显著相关。     

高效液相色谱法测定草乌叶中新乌头碱、乌头碱和次乌头碱

目的 建立以高效液相色谱法同时测定蒙药草鸟叶中新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱的方法.方法 Extend-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.3 mol/L三乙胺(65:35),体积流量为0.8 mL/min,检测波长为235 nm,柱温为35℃.结果 经过方法学考察,本测定方法具有一定的专属性、准确性、重现性和可行性,新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱分别在1～5、0.35～1.75、0.5～2.5 μg呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为98.43%、98.98%、98.82%,RSD分别为1.38%、0.89%、1.03%.结论 本方法简便、准确、分离效果好、线性范围宽、灵敏度高,可用于本品的质量控制.     

Allergic complications from orthopaedic joint implants: the role of delayed hypersensitivity to benzoyl peroxide in bone cement

Background. Orthopaedic implants and osteosynthesis materials are increasingly being used. Complications include mainly physical–mechanical problems and infections. Uncommonly, an allergic reaction towards an alloy metal or a bone cement component has been implicated. Potential bone cement allergens include acrylates, benzoyl peroxide, N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐toluidine, and gentamicin. Typical symptoms are pain, swelling, inflammatory skin reactions, implant loosening, and fistula formation. Objectives. To report on 5 patients with complications from a knee or a shoulder joint implant in whom a relevant sensitization to benzoyl peroxide was shown. Methods. Patch tests were performed with the European baseline series, an extended metal series, and a bone cement series. Patch tests with benzoyl peroxide were performed twice in all patients. A bone cement‐free replacement was chosen in sensitized patients. Results. In 4 patients sensitized to benzoyl peroxide, a bone cement‐free replacement resulted in a considerable decrease or disappearance of pain and swelling, and complete clearing of cutaneous symptoms. Conclusions. Components of bone cement, such as benzoyl peroxide, may rarely cause allergic complications. However, because of the irritant potential of these substances, careful performance, reading and interpretation of the patch tests is required.     

参附汤体内代谢化学成分的初步研究

为了确定口服参附汤后体内吸收成分的化学结构 ,分离并鉴定了参附汤的组成成分之一———黑附片的主要成分 ;通过大鼠整体实验方法研究了参附汤体内代谢情况。结果显示 :口服参附汤后 ,乌头类生物碱卡米查林 (carmichaeline ,Ⅰ )、塔拉胺 (talatisamine ,Ⅱ )、附子灵 (fuziline ,Ⅲ )以原形形式被吸收 ,人参皂苷经肠内细菌代谢后以代谢产物CompoundK形式吸收进入体内     

低剂量乌头碱持续给药重塑hiPSCs-CM线粒体能量代谢模式

目的探究低剂量乌头碱对人诱导多能干细胞分化心肌细胞(human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes,hiPSCs-CM)代谢的影响。方法100 nmol·L^-1乌头碱对hiPSCs诱导分化的hiPSCs-CM细胞持续给药后,能量代谢分析仪(Seahorse)检测代谢表型变化;微电极阵列(Microelectrode array,MEA)检测电生理参数;qRT-PCR检测脂糖代谢关键基因的表达;Western blot检测hiPSCs-CM中多能性转录因子的表达。结果100 nmol·L^-1乌头碱持续给药后,hiPSCs-CM代谢表型从氧化磷酸化向糖酵解方向偏移;脂代谢调控关键基因表达降低,而葡萄糖转运蛋白1(facilitative glucose transporters 1,Glut1)与转运蛋白4(facilitative glucose transporters 4,Glut4)比值明显升高;hiPSCs-CM收缩力降低(收缩频率增加且振幅减弱)、兴奋传导延迟,但未见明显心律失常指征。结论低剂量乌头碱持续给药会诱导心肌功能出现明显变化、能量代谢模式发生明显重构,这可能与其导致心肌细胞多能性增强和/或能量代谢底物选择改变密切相关。     

降钙素基因相关肽对乌头碱、哇巴因诱发大鼠心律失常的治疗作用

应用哇巴因或乌头碱静脉注射后迅速导致大鼠心律失常，然后分别给予降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ，实验组）或生理盐水（对照组）。结果哇巴因诱发心律失常的大鼠实验组（ｎ＝７）全部存活，而对照组（ｎ＝６）仅１只存活，死亡率８３％，两者之间具有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）．从心律失常评分来看，实验组与对照组亦有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。乌头碱诱发的心律失常大鼠中，实验组（ｎ＝７）全部存活，其中５只出现稳定的窦性心律，平均持续时间为２０．９３±１３．２４ｍｉｎ，而对照组（ｎ＝６）４只存活，仅１只出现稳定的窦性心律，平均持续时间为２．１７±４．８４ｍｉｎ，两者之间具有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；从心律失常评分来看，实验组在输入ＣＧＲＰ的４～８ｍｉｎ时即与对照组出现显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。以上结果说明ＣＧＲＰ对哇巴因和乌头碱导致的大鼠心率失常有明显治疗作用。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定人血清中甘油三酯含量

目的　建立一种用反相高效液相色谱法准确、灵敏检测血清甘油三酯 (triglycerides,TG)的新方法。 方法　苯甲酰氯为柱前衍生试剂 ,同血清皂化后的甘油衍生反应。衍生物用C18柱分离分析 ,乙腈 -水 (80∶2 0 ,V/V)作流动相 ,二极管阵列检测器检测 (λ =2 30 .8nm)。结果　本法甘油三酯的最低检测浓度为 0 .0 18mmol·L-1,在0 .0 36～ 4 .5 17mmol·L-1范围内呈线性 ,回收率为 96 %～ 10 5 % ,日内RSD为 1.3%～ 2 .0 % ,日间RSD为 1.5 %～2 .2 %。结论　该法准确、灵敏度高 ,可为临床血清甘油三酯的准确测定提供科学依据     

应激所致大鼠心室电稳定性的改变

本文研究了制动应激不同时程对大鼠心室电稳定性(VES)的影响.制动2小时,心率明显增快,脑室注射乌头碱(Aco,7.5μg.kg~(-1))出现室速(VT)潜伏期明显缩短,心肌组织cAMP含量升高,提示心脏交感神经兴,VES下降.而制动8小时,上述指标均呈反相变化,提示心脏交感神经抑制,VES升高.因此,持续制动应激,大鼠VES表现为先下降后上升.其机制可能与交感神经活性有关.