降钙素基因相关肽对心脏异位移植大鼠心律的影响

用乌头碱诱发心脏异位移植大鼠心律失常，给予降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ），观察其对心律的影响。结果：①心脏异位移植大鼠的自体和异体心脏对于ＣＧＲＰ的反应较正常大鼠迟钝，说明自体心脏和异体心脏中ＣＧＲＰ受体减少，此机理尚需探讨。②ＣＧＲＰ使１只大鼠异体心脏心电图出现Ｐ波，可能系ＣＧＲＰ对窦房结起刺激作用。     

Prospective, open-label, comparative study of clindamycin 1%/benzoyl peroxide 5% gel with adapalene 0.1% gel in Asian acne patients: efficacy and tolerability

Background  Used as individual agents, topical antibiotics and benzoyl peroxide are known to be effective in treatment of acne. Clindamycin phosphate 1% with benzoyl peroxide 5% (CDP/BPO) is a new combination gel, made by rationale, in that combination drug is more effective than either ingredients used alone. Adapalene 0.1% (ADA) is the third-generation retinoid, shown to be as effective as other topical retinoid with well tolerability.
Objectives  To compare the efficacy and tolerability in combination of CDP/BPO in comparison with ADA in Asian patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris.
Methods  Total of 69 patients, including 31 patients for CDP/BPO group and 38 for ADA group, with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were enrolled for a 12-week prospective, randomized, open-label comparative study of topical agents. Efficacy was assessed by lesion counts, acne grading system, and global improvement. Adverse events were also evaluated in scale of 0 (none) to 3 (severe).
Results  Both CDP/BPO and ADA were effective in reducing lesion counts and acne severity scale and showed significant global improvement. However, CDP/BPO offered greater efficacy against inflammatory lesions than ADA. Both drugs were well tolerated with minimal adverse drug reactions.
Conclusion  Combination formulation of CDP/BPO and ADA were shown to be both effective in decreasing total, inflammatory, and non-inflammatory lesion counts along with well tolerability in Asian patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris.

Conflicts of interest

None declared     

抗心律失常药物作用的新靶点

目的　寻找抗心律失常药物作用的新靶点。方法　应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录乌头碱对大鼠心肌细胞动作电位时程的作用 ,分别给予奎尼丁、维拉帕米处理比较二者对动作电位时程的影响。结果　①应用 1μmol·L- 1乌头碱使大鼠单个心肌细胞动作电位复极 5 0 %时程 (APD50 )从给药前 (5 7.2 5± 13.85 )ms增加到 (70 .5 1± 12 .4 4 )ms(n =8,P <0 .0 1) ,动作电位复极 90 %时程 (APD90 )从给药前 (86 .2 5± 2 4 .92 )ms增加到 (114 .12± 6 .81)ms(n =8,P <0 .0 5 )。② 10 μmol·L- 1 奎尼丁使乌头碱处理的大鼠心肌细胞APD50 进一步延长至 (111.6 3± 37.2 4 )ms(n =4 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,使APD90 延长至 (2 0 1.75± 6 9.75 )ms(n =4 ,P <0 .0 1)。③ 10 μmol·L- 1 维拉帕米使乌头碱诱发的动作电位延长有所恢复 ,APD50 缩短至 (5 1.6 3± 15 .11)ms(n =4 ,P <0 .0 1) ,APD90 缩短至 (91.2 5± 11.0 6 )ms(n =4 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　使动作电位时程延长将诱发心律失常 ,使动作电位时程恢复近正常是抗心律失常药物作用的新靶点。     

早搏宁冲剂的抗实验性心律失常作用

目的：观察早搏宁冲剂对实验性心律失常的影响。方法：采用Wistar大鼠，豚鼠，家兔，观察早搏宁冲剂对乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常和哇巴因诱发豚鼠心律失常的影响，以及早搏宁冲剂对电刺激家兔室颤阈及结扎大鼠冠状动脉诱发心律失常的影响。结果：早搏宁冲剂可增加乌头碱及哇巴因诱发心律失常的用量，提高电刺激家兔室颤阈值，延迟结扎大鼠冠状动脉心律失常出现时间，减少早搏次数及室速持续时间。结论：早搏宁冲剂具有抗实验性心律失常作用，且有一定的量效关系。     

乌头碱致心律失常毒性作用的剂量分析

用静脉灌注方法，分别对３种浓度的乌头碱致大鼠心律失常作用进行了观察，经Ｆ和Ｆ＇分析，各浓度组间室早和室颤潜伏时间差异具有非常显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１），而各浓度组间致心律失常阈剂量无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．用０．０１～１００×１０－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１乌头碱灌流离体蟾蜍心脏，结果表明随浓度加大，心脏收缩的抑制率增强，心律失常发生率增高，室早和室颤潜伏时间缩短，呈现明显的浓度依赖性。     

酸枣仁抗大鼠实验性心律失常和心肌缺血作用的研究

酸枣仁醇提物的水溶液静脉注射能明显对抗BaCl_2和改善鸟头碱诱发的大鼠心律失常的EKG变化。此制剂也能明显改善脑垂体后叶素引起大鼠心肌缺血的EKG变化。     

复律定对实验性心律失常的作用

复律定对氯化钡和肾上腺素引起的心律失常有明显的对抗作用;对氯仿和氯化钙引起的心室纤颤致死有保护作用;亦能推迟乌头碱性心律失常的发生时间和降低死亡率;不能对抗哇巴因对心脏的毒性;对正常动物心率和异丙肾上腺素加快心率的作用无明显影响;有明显的抗缺氧能力和增加心肌营养性血流量。分析复律定可能主要直接作用于心脏而产生抗心律失常作用。     

HPLC同时测定参附汤中新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱含量的研究

[目的]建立参附汤中新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱的含量测定方法。[方法]采用Hypersil BDS C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,柱温25℃,流动相为甲醇、0.1%三乙胺,梯度洗脱,流速:1.0mL.min-1,检测波长237nm。[结果]新乌头碱在0.005~0.5mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,平均回收率98.49%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.31%;乌头碱在0.005~0.5mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,平均回收率99.88%,RSD为1.57%;次乌头碱在0.005~0.5mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,平均回收率99.67%,RSD为1.75%。[结论]该方法学考察符合定量要求,结果准确,可用于同时测定参附汤中新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱的含量,为参附汤的质量控制提供依据。     

Hypersensitivity to benzoyl peroxide in a cemented total knee arthroplasty: cement allergy

A small but significant proportion of cemented total knee arthroplasties develop aseptic loosening. Polyethylene debris is unlikely to be the cause in the small subgroup that experiences early loosening. Allergy to polymethylmethacrylate bone cement or its constituents has been reported in several different industries and in dentistry, dermatology, and joint arthroplasty. Although allergy to polymethylmethacrylate bone cement or its constituents is unusual, the possibility of a systemic inflammatory response and consequent pain and loosening must be considered. We report a case history of a patient who developed a systemic reaction and intractable pain after a total knee arthroplasty who was subsequently shown to be hypersensitive to the benzoyl peroxide component of bone cement.     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定乌头不同部位中新乌头碱和乌头碱含量

目的建立RP-HPLC同时测定中药乌头不同部位中新乌头碱和乌头碱的含量。方法采用Kromasil C18柱（150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,以40 mmol乙酸铵缓冲液-乙腈溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长230 nm,柱温30℃。结果新乌头碱、乌头碱分别在2.61～15.66μg、0.26～1.56μg呈良好的线性关系,加样回收率分别为100.4%（RSD=1.2%）,98.9%（RSD=0.71%）。结论该方法简便、准确,分离效果好,可用于附子中酯型生物碱的定量分析。