RP-HPLC法测定白附片中乌头碱、新乌头碱和次乌头碱

目的:测定白附片中乌头碱、新乌头碱和次乌头碱3种脂溶性生物碱含量。方法:用反相离子对HPLC法,使用Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm);流动相:乙腈-5 mmol·L-1NaH2PO4溶液,磷酸调至pH4.5(52∶50),内含7 mmol·L-1十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS);检测波长:235 nm;流速:1.0 mL·min-1;结果:以上3种生物碱可以完全分离,准确测定。结论:该方法准确度高,可应用于白附片中生物碱的含量测定。     

均匀设计法优选痹痛宁贴剂的处方基质配比

目的优选痹痛宁贴剂的处方基质配比,对其体外透皮吸收行为进行考察。方法采用U6(66)均匀设计安排试验,利用改良Franz扩散池进行离体皮肤体外渗透实验。以东莨菪碱和乌头碱24h累积渗透量为指标优选处方配比。结果基质比例分别为PVA11.02%、PVP29.93%、甘油7.42%、氮酮4.95%、丙二醇11.06%,贴剂具有最大的累积释药量,释药曲线符合Higuchi方程。结论采用均匀设计法优选的配方组成符合骨架控释型透皮给药系统的要求。     

寒痛定泡腾冲剂的质量标准研究

对寒痛定的组成药物进行薄层层析鉴别；对其乌头碱限量、粒度、水分、酸度和糖度等进行检查；测定了芍药甙、甘草次酸及总生物碱的含量。初步拟定出该制剂的质量标准。     

苯海索抗实验性心律失常作用

在五种实验性心律失常动物模型上,观察苯海索(THP)的抗心律失常作用,结果发现THP1.5 mg/kg、3 mg/kg可对抗氯化钡、哇巴因和结扎大鼠冠状动脉引起的室性心律失常及增加兔电室颠阈值;THP 3 mg/kg可对抗乌头碱引起的室性心律失常。提示THP有抗实验性心律失常作用。     

薄层色谱扫描法测定多根乌头的二萜生物碱含量

本文用薄层扫描法测定多根乌头中二萜生物碱的含量,测得生物碱含量分别为乌头碱0.64%,去氧乌头碱0.053%,松果灵0.017%。     

Decreased expression of the reduced folate carrier and folypolyglutamate synthetase is the basis for acquired resistance to the pemetrexed antifolate (LY231514) in an L1210 murine leukemia cell line

Pemetrexed (LY231514) is a new-generation antifolate that, in its polyglutamyl forms, is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GAR transformylase). This study explored the mechanisms of resistance to pemetrexed in L1210 murine leukemia cells using chemical mutagenesis with 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-formylTHF) as the growth substrate. A cell line, MTA-13, was identified that was 8.5-fold resistant to pemetrexed with comparable cross-resistance to ZD1694 (Tomudex) and lesser cross-resistance (5-fold) to ZD9331 [(2S)-2-(O-fluoro-p-[N-(2,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-6-ylmethyl)-N-(prop-2-ynyl)amino]benzamido)-4-(tetrazol-5-yl)-butyric acid], DDATHF (dideazatetrahydrofolate) (3.5-fold), and methotrexate (MTX) (2.7-fold) but comparable sensitivity to trimetrexate. Influx of pemetrexed, MTX, and 5-formylTHF into MTA-13 cells was decreased by 56, 47, and 38% compared to wild-type cells. Folate receptor expression was negligible in both cell lines. Net drug uptake declined within 15min to a slower, constant rate over the next 45min, reflecting the rate of accumulation of pemetrexed polyglutamate derivatives. This rate in the MTA-13 line was half that of the wild-type cells. Accumulation of 50nM [3H]pemetrexed, 25nM [3H]5-formylTHF, or 50nM [3H]DDATHF after 3 days was decreased to 35, 46, and 56% the level of L1210 cells. The reduced folate carrier (RFC) message and protein were decreased by 50%, and folypolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) message was decreased by 65% in MTA-13 cells. No mutations were detected in either protein by DNA sequence analysis. There was a slight decrease (approximately 25%) in thymidylate synthase mRNA, without mutations in the protein, and there was no change in GAR transformylase message. The data indicate that resistance to pemetrexed in the MTA-13 cell line was due to changes in both RFC and FPGS expression, two proteins that act in tandem to regulate polyglutamation of folates and antifolates in cells, resulting in cellular depletion of these active pemetrexed congeners.     

高效液相色谱法测定草乌类药用植物活性成分含量

 目的采用高效液相色谱测定草乌类药用植物中中乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱的含量,对草乌类植物进行质量与资源评价。方法建立高效液相色谱方法,采用Phenomenex ODS色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),以乙腈-醋酸铵缓冲溶液(pH10.5)(54∶46)为流动相,流速为1.0mL·min^-1;检测波长为240nm。结果中乌头碱在0.28～2.80μg内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9991),平均回收率为98.9%(n=5),RSD=0.93%;乌头碱在0.136～1.36μg内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9992),平均回收率为97.4%(n=5),RSD=1.18%;次乌头碱在0.248～2.48μg内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9991),平均回收率为98.4%(n=5),RSD=1.11%。北乌头、乌头与小白掌含有中乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱3种生物碱;多根乌头含有中乌头碱、乌头碱2种生物碱;其他的样品含微量或几乎没有。多根乌头的3种生物碱总量最高。结论本方法分离效果好,分析速度快,方法稳定,结果准确。     

槲皮素抗实验性心律失常作用的研究

目的 观察槲皮素抗实验性心律失常的作用,并探讨其可能机制.方法 应用乌头碱,氯化钙制备大鼠心律失常模型,哇巴因制备豚鼠心律失常模型,观察槲皮素不同剂量对上述模型的保护作用.结果 槲皮素(0.2mg/kg,0.4mg/kg)能提高乌头碱致大鼠和哇巴因致豚鼠发生室性早搏(VE)、室性心动过速(VT)、室颤(VF)的用量;延长氯化钙诱发大鼠心律失常出现的时间,缩短心律失常持续时间,减少心律失常发生率及死亡率.结论 槲皮素具有抗多种实验性心律失常的作用.     

山莨菪碱的抗实验性心律失常作用

山莨菪碱(654—2)给小鼠静注11.2,12.3,15.4,20.5和30.0mg/kg表现出抗心律失常作用,其作用强度随剂量增大而增强。能够减少CaCl_2—Ach引起的小鼠房颤(扑)的发生率;增加BaCl_2所致室性心动过速转复窦性节律的大鼠数;加大诱发小鼠室性心律失常所需乌头碱的用量。654—2 20·5mg/kg也可降低CaCl_2(120mg/kg静注)引起的大鼠室颤以及氯仿—肾上腺素所致家兔室性心律失常的发生率。     

Monoliths with chiral surface functionalization for enantioselective capillary electrochromatography

The state-of-the-art in CEC enantiomer separations with monolithic capillary columns is comprehensively reviewed. The various types of monolithic columns comprising in situ organic polymer monoliths, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) monoliths, silica monoliths and monoliths made from particles are discussed with a focus on materials’ synthesis, chemistry and properties as well as column aspects. Monolithic MIP-type porous layer open-tubular (PLOT) columns are treated herein as well. From this survey of the literature, the authors come to the conclusion that monolithic silica capillaries appear to become the preferred column type for CEC enantiomer separations of low-molecular drugs and other chiral pharmaceuticals or chemicals.