稳心颗粒对异丙肾上腺素诱导心功能不全大鼠的影响

目的：研究稳心颗粒对异丙肾上腺素(soproterenol,ISO)诱导慢性心功能不全大鼠血流动力学和乌头碱致心律失常的影响。方法：大鼠随机分为6组,正常组：给予蒸馏水灌胃；阳性药(代文30 mg·kg^-1)+正常组；稳心颗粒(9 g·kg^-1)+正常组；ISO(85 mg·kg^-1)组造模2周后给予蒸馏水灌胃；稳心颗粒(9 g·kg^{-1)+ISO组；代文(30 mg·kg-1)+ISO组。分别在给药后第4,10周,各组大鼠进行心脏超声检查,同时在第10周进行血流动力学检测,并观察各组大鼠对乌头碱致心律失常的反应。结果：心超提示：ISO组左室舒张末期直径(LVIDd)、左室收缩末期直径(LVIDs)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、射血分数(EF)较正常组均显著下降(P <0.05),服用代文4周后左室收缩末期直径(LVIDs)明显缩短(P<0.01),FS,EF明显改善(P<0.01),给予代文10周后LVIDd,LVIDs,FS,EF仍持续改善(P<0.01)；给予稳心颗粒4周和10周后心超指标LVIDs,LVIDd,FS,EF均无明显改善。血流动力学检测结果提示：与正常组相比,ISO组LVSP,±dp/dt_max均明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.05),LVEDP显著升高(P<0.01),HR无明显改变；给予代文10周后LVSP,LVEDP,±dp/dt_max较ISO组明显改善(P<0.05)；稳心颗粒10周后与ISO组相比,LVEDP较ISO组明显降低(P<0.05),±dp/dt_max较ISO组明显改善(P<0.05)。在乌头碱所致心律失常的试验中发现,与正常组相比,ISO组室性心律失常的持续时间明显延长,服用稳心颗粒后室性心律失常的持续时间缩短P<0.05)；服用代文后室性心律失常持续时间无明显改善。结论：稳心颗粒可一定程度地改善异丙肾上腺素诱导大鼠的慢性心功能不全；稳心颗粒对乌头碱所致的大鼠心律失常具有保护作用。}     

HPLC法测定三乌胶中毒性成分——乌头碱限量检查

目的：建立HPLC法测定三乌胶中乌头碱限量的检查方法。方法：采用ODS色谱柱（4．6mm×250mm，5μm），以0．04mol·L^-1三乙胺（磷酸调节pH=3）-甲醇（60：40）为流动相；流速：1．0ml·min^-1；检测波长：235nm。结果：乌头碱的检测限为7．6ng，样品中的乌头碱能与其他物质分离开。结论：本方法灵敏度高，可用于三乌胶中乌头碱限量的测定。     

RP-HPLC法测定白附片中乌头碱、新乌头碱和次乌头碱

目的:测定白附片中乌头碱、新乌头碱和次乌头碱3种脂溶性生物碱含量。方法:用反相离子对HPLC法,使用Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm);流动相:乙腈-5 mmol·L-1NaH2PO4溶液,磷酸调至pH4.5(52∶50),内含7 mmol·L-1十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS);检测波长:235 nm;流速:1.0 mL·min-1;结果:以上3种生物碱可以完全分离,准确测定。结论:该方法准确度高,可应用于白附片中生物碱的含量测定。     

反相离子对色谱法测定附子中生物碱成分

目的测定附子中乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱、北乌碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱和苯甲酰新乌头原碱等6种生物碱的含量。方法用反相离子对HPLC法，使用AichromBond-1 C₁₈柱(250 mm×4.6 mm ID)；流动相：乙腈-5 mmol·L^-1 NaH₂PO₄溶液，磷酸调至pH 4.5(50∶50)，内含7 mmol·L^-1 十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)；检测波长：235 nm；流速：1.0 mL·min^-1；柱温：35 ℃。结果以上6种生物碱可以完全分离，准确测定。结论该方法准确度高，可应用于附子中生物碱的含量测定。     

均匀设计法优选痹痛宁贴剂的处方基质配比

目的优选痹痛宁贴剂的处方基质配比,对其体外透皮吸收行为进行考察。方法采用U6(66)均匀设计安排试验,利用改良Franz扩散池进行离体皮肤体外渗透实验。以东莨菪碱和乌头碱24h累积渗透量为指标优选处方配比。结果基质比例分别为PVA11.02%、PVP29.93%、甘油7.42%、氮酮4.95%、丙二醇11.06%,贴剂具有最大的累积释药量,释药曲线符合Higuchi方程。结论采用均匀设计法优选的配方组成符合骨架控释型透皮给药系统的要求。     

寒痛定泡腾冲剂的质量标准研究

对寒痛定的组成药物进行薄层层析鉴别；对其乌头碱限量、粒度、水分、酸度和糖度等进行检查；测定了芍药甙、甘草次酸及总生物碱的含量。初步拟定出该制剂的质量标准。     

苯海索抗实验性心律失常作用

在五种实验性心律失常动物模型上,观察苯海索(THP)的抗心律失常作用,结果发现THP1.5 mg/kg、3 mg/kg可对抗氯化钡、哇巴因和结扎大鼠冠状动脉引起的室性心律失常及增加兔电室颠阈值;THP 3 mg/kg可对抗乌头碱引起的室性心律失常。提示THP有抗实验性心律失常作用。     

薄层色谱扫描法测定多根乌头的二萜生物碱含量

本文用薄层扫描法测定多根乌头中二萜生物碱的含量,测得生物碱含量分别为乌头碱0.64%,去氧乌头碱0.053%,松果灵0.017%。     

Decreased expression of the reduced folate carrier and folypolyglutamate synthetase is the basis for acquired resistance to the pemetrexed antifolate (LY231514) in an L1210 murine leukemia cell line

Pemetrexed (LY231514) is a new-generation antifolate that, in its polyglutamyl forms, is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GAR transformylase). This study explored the mechanisms of resistance to pemetrexed in L1210 murine leukemia cells using chemical mutagenesis with 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-formylTHF) as the growth substrate. A cell line, MTA-13, was identified that was 8.5-fold resistant to pemetrexed with comparable cross-resistance to ZD1694 (Tomudex) and lesser cross-resistance (5-fold) to ZD9331 [(2S)-2-(O-fluoro-p-[N-(2,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-6-ylmethyl)-N-(prop-2-ynyl)amino]benzamido)-4-(tetrazol-5-yl)-butyric acid], DDATHF (dideazatetrahydrofolate) (3.5-fold), and methotrexate (MTX) (2.7-fold) but comparable sensitivity to trimetrexate. Influx of pemetrexed, MTX, and 5-formylTHF into MTA-13 cells was decreased by 56, 47, and 38% compared to wild-type cells. Folate receptor expression was negligible in both cell lines. Net drug uptake declined within 15min to a slower, constant rate over the next 45min, reflecting the rate of accumulation of pemetrexed polyglutamate derivatives. This rate in the MTA-13 line was half that of the wild-type cells. Accumulation of 50nM [3H]pemetrexed, 25nM [3H]5-formylTHF, or 50nM [3H]DDATHF after 3 days was decreased to 35, 46, and 56% the level of L1210 cells. The reduced folate carrier (RFC) message and protein were decreased by 50%, and folypolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) message was decreased by 65% in MTA-13 cells. No mutations were detected in either protein by DNA sequence analysis. There was a slight decrease (approximately 25%) in thymidylate synthase mRNA, without mutations in the protein, and there was no change in GAR transformylase message. The data indicate that resistance to pemetrexed in the MTA-13 cell line was due to changes in both RFC and FPGS expression, two proteins that act in tandem to regulate polyglutamation of folates and antifolates in cells, resulting in cellular depletion of these active pemetrexed congeners.     

人参皂苷Rb1和Re对乌头碱所致心肌细胞损伤的保护作用

目的观察人参皂苷Rb1和Re对乌头碱导致的心肌细胞损伤的影响。方法选用乳鼠心肌细胞,观察人参皂苷Rb1和Re分别与乌头碱配伍使用后,乳鼠心肌细胞上清心肌酶谱的改变,采用RT-PCR的方法,观察人参皂苷Rb1和Re与乌头碱配伍对心肌细胞钙离子通道基因Cav1.2 mRNA的影响。结果人参皂苷Rb1和Re可以有效对抗由乌头碱导致的心肌酶谱改变。同时,可以对抗乌头碱所致的钙离子通道基因Cav1.2 mRNA表达上调。结论人参皂苷Rb1和Re与乌头碱配伍具有减毒增效的作用,这可能与人参皂苷减轻了乌头碱所致的心肌细胞损伤和改善钙离子通道异常表达有关。