bFGF mRNA在穿孔鼓膜的表达及意义

目的 研究鼓膜穿孔后成纤维细胞生长因子表达的可能变化特征与规律,探讨成纤维细胞生长因子在鼓膜穿孔修复过程中的作用。方法①选择１２０只健康Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,随机分为６个序列组,分别为正常对照组,损伤后１、４、６、８、１０ ｄ组,每组动物２０只。③ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ和原位杂交方法检测 ｂＦＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ在鼓膜的表达。结果①原位杂交方法检测 ｂＦＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ的表达,定位于上皮下结缔组织层,且急性穿孔组有时效性。②ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法检测鼓膜穿孔后 ｂＦＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ的表达规律,同样具有明显时效性。③ｂＦＧＦｍＲＮＡ的积分光密度值急性穿孔组与正常对照组ｂＦＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ的表达量差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论①ｂＦＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ在急性穿孔后的鼓膜上有明显表达,表明其在急性穿孔鼓膜的愈合过程中可能意义重大。②ｂＦＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ在急性穿孔后鼓膜上的表达具有时序性,为医疗干预时机的选择提供了时间上的可能依据。     

脊髓损伤后bFGF和GFAP的变化及其意义

目的：研究脊髓损伤后碱性成纤维细胞因子和胶质纤维酸性蛋白的变化及其两者的相关性,探讨脊髓损伤后脊髓的自身保护机制以及星形胶质细胞在脊髓损伤中的作用。方法：用免疫组织化学,组织学染色和图像分析的方法检测损伤脊髓碱性成纤维细胞及胶质纤维酸性蛋白表达的动态变化。结果：脊髓损伤后1d损伤脊髓中碱性成纤维细胞的表达明显增高,7d达到高峰,14d末回落,而胶质纤维酸性蛋白表达则在1－14d内呈进行性增高趋势,两指标相关性显著（r=0.777,P=0.001),结论：脊髓损伤后反应性星形细胞胶质化对脊髓的再生和自身修复起着重要作用,提示脊髓本身存在自身保护机制。     

医学高职高专教育英语教学模式研究

目的 :探讨适合医学高职高专教育的英语教学模式。方法 :通过对 10个医疗单位和开封医专往届毕业生调查 ,英语在实际工作中的运用 ,并对其调查结果用卡氏检验法进行统计。结论 :现有的医学高职高专教育的英语教学模式不适合医学高职高专教育的培养目标。结果 :医学高职高专教育英语教学模式应把基础英语和专业英语放到同等重要位置 ,旨在培养学生在实际工作中运用语言的能力     

Basic Science in Medical Reasoning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach

A new generation of intelligent systems is growing up in the community of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. The main goal of these systems is the representation and use of real theory of diseases, as they are represented in medical textbooks or in scientific articles, rather than the heuristic shortcuts of human experts. In this paper, we will argue that the difficulties in the integration of basic science and clinical knowledge in intelligent systems arise from ontological differences between these kinds of knowledge and that the solution can be found in their dynamic integration during the reasoning process. In order to illustrate this point, we will first describe an epistemological analysis of the interplay between basic science knowledge and clinical knowledge, and then we will provide the example of a computational architecture implementing this view. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

武陵地区民间146种“七”药考证与分析

为统一对民族民间“七”药的认识,解决“七”药命名中同物异名或同名异物的难题,经过多年对武陵地区“七”药的实地考察和核对有关标本,文献,考证出了该地区１４６种“七”药的名实,分析了“七”药的生态环境,基原,性味,功效及化学成分。并对“七”药的科学命名和应用开发提出了建议。     

中国地鼠情绪唤醒水平评定量表的制定

为建立一套适合于中国地鼠情绪唤醒水平观测的评定方法,并验证其可靠性,在Ａｄｅｒ 情绪唤醒评定方法基础上进行修订,对中国地鼠进行试测,建立情绪唤醒水平划界分。结果显示总分以５ 分为界,能区分高／ 低情绪唤醒水平的中国地鼠;条目与量表总分呈中高度相关（ ｒ ＝ ０ ．３２６８ ～０ ．７３４７） ,量表总分重测信度良好（ ｒ ＝ ０ ．５８７４ ～０ ．６１０５） ,评定者评分一致性高,符合率达９５－２ ％     

基因重组碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对急性坏死性胰腺炎犬肠道细菌移位的影响

目的探讨基因重组碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）对急性坏死性胰腺炎（ＡＮＰ）犬肠道细菌移位的影响。方法杂种犬２３只,分对照组（ｎ＝７）、ＡＮＰ组（ｎ＝８）和ｂＦＧＦ组（ｎ＝８）。ｂＦＧＦ组犬复制ＡＮＰ模型后,每日静脉注射ｂＦＧＦ（５μｇ／ｋｇ）。结果ｂＦＧＦ治疗后,ＡＮＰ犬肠粘膜损伤明显减轻,脏器细菌培养阳性率下降５０％,细菌移位数量减少９３．３％－９６．７％,肠粘膜蛋白质、ＤＮＡ含量显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）,丙二醛含量明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ｂＦＧＦ可显著减少ＡＮＰ时肠道细菌移位,其机制可能是通过增加肠粘膜蛋白质合成,促进肠粘膜损伤修复。     

Survival of Purkinje Cells in Cerebellar Cultures is Increased by Insulin-like Growth Factor I

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a trophic factor for both neurons and glia. Its presence in the developing and adult cerebellum suggests a role for this growth factor in this area of the brain. Recently, we have described the existence of an IGF-I-containing pathway in afferents of Purkinje neurons arising from the inferior olive. In addition, IGF-I receptors are present in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. These observations prompted us to investigate whether the Purkinje cell is a target for IGF-I. Addition of IGF-I to rat cerebellar cultures produced a 7-fold increase in the number of Purkinje cells (calbindin-positive) together with an increase in the calbindin content of the cultures. IGF-I also doubled the number of surviving neurons and produced a moderate, non-significant increase in [³H]thymidine incorporation by the cultures. On the other hand, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), which is also present in the cerebellum, produced a dramatic increase in both the proportion of astrocytes and in the mitotic activity of the cultures, without affecting neuron survival. We conclude that IGF-I is a specific promoter of Purkinje cell survival and that its effects differ from those produced by bFGF in fetal cerebellar cultures. These findings reinforce our hypothesis that the Purkinje cell is a target neuron for IGF-I action in the developing cerebellum.     

Regulation of the biosynthesis and processing of chromogranins in organotypic slices: influence of depolarization, forskolin and differentiating factors

Slices from rat hippocampus in organotypic culture were used to study the biosynthesis regulation of chromogranins A and B and secretogranin II. Additionally, we investigated the proteolytic conversion of secretogranin II and the levels of prohormone convertases putatively involved. Forskolin treatment and depolarization with potassium plus BayK 8644 led to significant increases in secretogranin II mRNA in the principal cells of the hippocampus. Enhanced expression of secretogranin II was also reflected by a rise in peptide levels. Despite this induction of biosynthesis the extensive processing to secretoneurin normally observed in brain was maintained. Both forskolin and depolarization upregulated the prohormone convertase (PC)1, but not PC2, indicating that PC1 levels are critical for secretoneurin production under stimulating conditions. Results obtained for chromogranins A and B were less consistent. For chromogranin A mRNA, changes were restricted to granule cells; for chromogranin B, a response in granule cells was observed to depolarization but not to forskolin, and effects in pyramidal neurons were weak. Accordingly, we were unable to detect alterations in chromogranin A and B protein levels. Furthermore, we tested several neurotrophic growth factors and found that only basic fibroblast growth factor raised secretogranin II expression without affecting chromogranins A and B. The hippocampal slice preparation allowed well controlled treatment with identification of neuronal subpopulations and yielded data largely matching experiments in vivo and in cell culture. The pronounced regulation of secretogranin II and its effective processing underlines the importance of the resulting peptide secretoneurin as an active neuropeptide in the nervous system.