B超对出血热肾综合征的临床价值

One hundred and three patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) verified clinically were included, B- utrasound (B- us) was done in all the patients.The result showed that B- us had high. sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis and diffirential dagnosis of HFRS,and it play an important role in assessing the severity and course of HFRS.     

血液透析和导泻疗法治疗肾综合症出血热急性肾功衰竭之比较

目的探讨血液透析（血透）和导泻疗法治疗肾综合症出血热（ＨＦＲＳ）急性肾功衰竭疗效比较。方法血透组５２例,用碳酸透析液、小剂量肝素化,平均透析３８０次。导泻组５６例,用甘露醇、大黄、芒硝口服导泻,一日两次。结果对照两组ＢＵＮ、Ｃｒ、尿常规恢复正常日数,血液组明显少于导泻组。Ｐ＜０．０１。结论对ＨＦＲＳ－ＡＲＦ患者应及早实施血透。     

参仙升脉液十二指肠给药对兔病窦模型作用的实验观察

用日本大耳白兔４０只,随机分为模型组,参仙升脉液大、中、小３个剂量组和心宝组。用２０％甲醛液外敷窦房结区制作病态窦房结综合征（病窦）模型,观察参仙升脉液十二指肠给药对家兔病窦模型的心率和窦房结电生理指标的变化。结果表明参仙升脉液可以明显提高窦性心率,明显缩短窦房结传导时间（ＳＡＣＴ）及窦房结恢复时间（ＳＡＲＴ）,且大剂量组较心宝组效果显著。     

中药颤振平治疗老年颤证临床和实验研究

观察中药颤振平胶囊治疗老年颤证 30例 ,总体临床疗效进步率 2 3.33% ,总有效率 80 .0 0 %。单纯中药组疗效与中药合西药组疗效近似。实验研究提示颤振平胶囊能增加脑干组织中单胺递质(NA、DA)的含量 ,增加利血平化小鼠的体重 ,增加正常小鼠的自主活动。小鼠口服最大耐受量未见毒性反应或死亡。     

单导管射频消融治疗频发房颤的预激综合征

采用单导管射频消融法治疗１２ 例预激综合征（ Ｗ Ｐ Ｗ） 。１２ 例中８ 例有反复快速性房颤史,３ 例须用同步直流电复律,１ 例伴有晕厥。旁路分别为左侧８ 条,右后间隔２ 条,右后侧及右前间隔各１ 条,右侧者有１ 例并存１ 条左侧隐匿旁路。全部旁路一次消融成功。术中未诱发房颤。随访５ ～１７ 月未见复发。     

小潮气量通气在急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的应用

应用小潮气量通气致容许性高碳酸血症方法对11例急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）进行临床观察。设定潮气量为6．4±1．1ml／kg,保持动脉血二氧化碳（PaCQ2）为5．97±1．41kPa,血氧分压8．54±3．19kPa。结果7例存活,未发现气压伤。说明小潮气量通气致一定程度高碳酸血症是临床上值得推荐使用的方法。     

Ventricular fibrillation related to reversal of the neuromuscular blockade in a patient with long QT syndrome

The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is associated with syncopal attacks or even sudden death at a young age due to ventricular fibrillation. We report a patient with an undiagnosed LQTS who had an episode of cardiac arrest during the final part of general anesthesia, immediately after the drugs for reversal of the neuromuscular blockade were given. We suggest that the administration of glycopyrronium might have been the provoking factor in this patient.     

Cryptococcus meningoencephalitis in AIDS: parenchymal and meningeal forms

CT and MRI in one case of Cryptococcus neoformans infection showed contrast-enhancing parenchymal lesions resembling granulomata or abscesses. After an initial phase without contrast enhancement, the full extent of the lesions was visible within 2 weeks of presentation. The enhancing masses were assumed to represent intracerebral cryptococcomas. Despite evidence of massive meningeal infection on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, no radiological signs of meningitis, invasion of the Virchow-Robin spaces or ventriculitis could be demonstrated. With antimycotic treatment the contrast enhancement disappeared and cystic, partly calcified lesions remained. Recurrence of meningeal infection without radiological correlates was apparent in this stage. In a second case of proven cryptococcus meningitis, dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces or cysts in the adjacent parenchyma were the main abnormalities on MRI. Enhancing masses were not detected. These cases may represent two different reactions of the immunocompromised hosts to infection with C. neoformans: widening of the perivascular spaces as a correlate of the more typical meningeal infection and enhancing parenchymal lesions as a sign of further invasion from the CSF spaces. Enhancement of cryptococcomas, indicating an inflammatory response in the surrounding brain, is not typical in patients with impairment of immune function. Received: 11 March 1998 Accepted: 19 June 1998     

High-frequency ultrasound examination of the wrist and hand

High-frequency ultrasound (US) is an efficient, rapid and inexpensive altenative to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for investigation of diseases in the soft tissues of the wrist and hand. US allows detection of foreign bodies and the reliable identification of a variety of traumatic lesions affecting tendons, annular pulleys, ligaments, vessels and nerves. Inflammatory diseases of tendons, including acute and chronic tenosynovitis and some degenerative conditions in the wrist and hand, can also be diagnosed. In entrapment neuropathies, US is able to identify nerve shape changes and possible extrinsic space-occupying lesions that may cause nerve compression within the tunnels. In patients with localized swelling of the hand or wrist, US is able to assess the presence of an expansile lesion and to characterize its nature in most cases. The objective of this article is to review the main findings and the primary indications of US in the investigation of disorders of the hand and wrist. Received: 10 September 1998 Accepted: 24 November 1998     

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated nephritis in children

 Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is a rare cause of acute nephritis. Six children (2 girls) aged 5–10 years, admitted for nephritis, had serological tests showing recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. The diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was based on the presence of serum IgM, detected either by immunofluorescence (IF) (n=1) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n=5). Four children had a renal biospy, with analysis of parenchymal Mycoplasma pneumoniae components by indirect IF and polymerase chain reaction. Extrarenal symptoms were: respiratory (n=3), ear, nose, and throat (n=2), gastrointestinal (n=3), hepatic (n=1), neurological (n=1), articular (n=1), and hematological (n=3). The patients presented with acute nephritis (1 had a nephrotic syndrome) or with acute renal failure and proteinuria. Pathological findings included type 1 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN, n=1), proliferative endocapillary glomerulonephritis (n=2), and minimal change disease (n=1). The patient with type 1 MPGN progressed rapidly towards end-stage renal failure because of a congenital solitary kidney. Among the patients with endocapillary glomerulonephritis, 1 relapsed 6 months later and remained proteinuric, while the other recovered, as did the child with minimal change disease. The search for Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigens and nucleic acids in renal tissue was negative. However, the absence of the microorganism in the kidney is a common feature of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. We conclude that Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a rare yet potential cause of acute glomerulonephritis. Received: 13 September 1996 / Revised: 16 June 1998 / Accepted: 18 June 1998