Curcumin and Its Potential Impact on Microbiota

Curcumin is one of the most frequently researched herbal substances; however, it has been reported to have a poor bioavailability and fast metabolism, which has led to doubts about its effectiveness. Curcumin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and has demonstrated favorable health effects. Nevertheless, well-reported in vivo pharmacological activities of curcumin are limited by its poor solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profile. The bidirectional interactions between curcumin and gut microbiota play key roles in understanding the ambiguity between the bioavailability and biological activity of curcumin, including its wider health impact.     

The protective effect of Kombucha against silver nanoparticles-induced toxicity on testicular tissue in NMRI mice

Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) can pass from the cell membrane and testicular blood barrier due to their small size, and by increasing oxidative stress they cause disorder in the male reproductive system. Kombucha is a traditional fermented drink with detoxification and potent antioxidant properties. We aimed to examine the protective effect of Kombucha against the damages due to SNPs on the testis tissue. In this experimental study, NMRI mice were randomly separated into four groups (n = 6), namely control (distilled water), SNPs (500 mg/kg), Kombucha extract (9 ml/kg) and SNPs + Kombucha, and were treated with gavage for 35 days. A significant decrease in testosterone level and total antioxidant capacity, and a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration was observed in the SNPs group in comparison with the control group. Histological studies on the testis of mice treated with SNPs showed vacuolation, decrease in generational epithelium thickness, seminiferous tubules diameter, testis volume and the number of spermatozoa in lumen of the seminiferous tubule and increase in the volume of interstitial space while the mentioned parameters were improved in the SNPs + Kombucha group compared to the SNPs group. Kombucha reduces the adverse effects of SNPs on testis tissue and improves the function of the male reproductive system.     

蒺藜果实化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

目的 研究蒺藜Tribulus terrester果实的化学成分及其抗氧化活性。方法 综合利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等分离手段进行分离纯化;结合NMR、MS、IR、UV等波谱学技术来鉴定化合物的结构;通过DPPH法、ABTS法以及羟基自由基清除方法测定化合物的抗氧化活性。结果 从蒺藜果实75%甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别为(E)-4-hydroxy-N-(3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acryloyl)benzamide(1)、蒺藜酰胺（2）、海柯皂苷元（3）、25R-螺甾-4-烯-3,12-二酮（4）、槲皮素（5）、3,4’-二羟基-3’-甲氧基苯丙酮（6）、对羟基苯甲酸（7）、(9Z,11E)-13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid(8)、(8E,12Z)-10-hydroxy-8,12-octadecadienoic acid(9)、肉豆蔻酸（10）,其中化合物1～6对DPPH、ABTS自由基以及羟基自由基均有较显著的活性,并且化合物5清除ABTS自由基和羟基自由基半数抑制浓度（...     

Chlorogenic acid, an antioxidant principle from the aerial parts ofArtemisia iwayomogi that acts on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical

The antioxidant activity ofArtemisia iwayomogi was determined by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical The methanol extract ofA. iwayomogi showed strong antioxidant activity, and thus fractionated with several solvents. The antioxidant activity potential of the individual fraction was in the order of ethyl acetate>n-butanol>water>chloroform>n-hexane fraction. The ethyl acetate andn-butanol soluble fractions exhibiting strong antioxidant activity were further purified by repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Antioxidant chlorogenic acid was isolated as one of the active principles from then-butanol fraction, together with the inactive components, 1-octacosanol, scopoletin, scopolin, apigenin 7,4′-di-O-methylether luteolin 6,3′-di-O-methylether (jaceosidin), apigenin 7-methylether (genkwanin), 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and quebrachitol. The antioxidant activity of chlorogenic acid was comparable to that of L-ascorbic acid, which is a well known antioxidant.     

The antioxidant system in combined therapy of epilepsy with traditional anticonvulsants and an antioxidant α-tocopherol

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 10, pp. 362–364, October, 1993     

三种虫草抗氧化活性的化学发光法研究

为研究冬虫夏草、蛹虫草、蒙山虫草3种虫草的抗氧化活性，考察实验条件对结果的影响，采用化学发光法测定3种虫草清除超氧阴离子自由基的活性。结果显示，3种虫草的水提液中蛹虫草样品的抗氧化活性较高，蒙山虫草和冬虫夏草的抗氧化活性比较接近。提示：蛹虫草和蒙山虫草有着良好的应用前景，有望替代冬虫夏草应用于临床。     

中药提取物在肝微粒体和相关自由基模型中反应性的筛选

背景与目的 :检验“抗氧化剂复合链”假说指导筛选的复合抗氧化剂在大鼠肝微粒体自由基反应模型中的反应性。材料与方法 :微粒体模型和动物模型和微粒体脂质过氧化活化体系包括 :CCl4、Vc/Fe 、CHP、耗氧量等模型以及相关自由基反应模型包括羟胺竞争法发生超氧阴离子自由基和抗坏血酸/铜产生羟自由基等模型 ,筛选和测定了中药的水和乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性 ,以及经过筛选组成的复合抗氧化剂对自由基的综合抑制效应。结果 :当归、人参、枸杞、黄芪、党参的水提取液在微粒体CCl4、VC/Fe 、CHP激发模型及自由基模型中 ,均呈现不同程度的脂质过氧化的抑制作用 ,但是 ,人参水提取液除了对VC/Fe 激发模型的抑制作用较弱外 ,均表现出较强的抗氧化作用 ;枸杞、党参、黄芪水提取液除了对超氧阴离子自由基(O-.)模型和枸杞乙醇提取液对CHP模型呈现较强的过氧化刺激作用外 ,各种乙醇提取液对CCl4、VC/Fe 、CHP和摄氧量激发模型均表现为不同程度的抑制作用。复合抗氧化剂_安体欣对所选模型均呈现较强的自由基生成抑制作用。结论 :中药当归、人参、枸杞、黄芪、党参的水或乙醇单独提取物的抗氧化作用存在局...     

抗氧化剂对紫外线诱发DNA损伤的保护作用

目的探讨抗氧化剂-丁羟甲苯、维生素C和维生素E是否对紫外线照射诱发的DNA损伤具有拮抗作用.方法提取人外周血中的淋巴细胞,用单细胞凝胶电泳法检测经不同浓度丁羟甲苯、维生素C和维生素E处理后并用紫外线照射所诱发的淋巴细胞DNA损伤状况.结果随着紫外线照射计量的增加,淋巴细胞的DNA损伤程度逐渐加重;外源性丁羟甲苯、维生素C和维生素E的加入可明显减轻DNA损伤程度,丁羟甲苯和维生素C的拮抗作用与其浓度有关,维生素E的拮抗作用则具有剂量依赖性.结论丁羟甲苯、维生素C和维生素E对紫外线照射诱发的DNA损伤均有拮抗作用,但丁羟甲苯和维生素C的作用具有一定的双重性,维生素E是拮抗紫外线照射诱发DNA损伤较为理想的拮抗剂.     

甘薯花青苷色素的抗氧化活性及抑肿瘤作用研究

目的:为在食品中应用甘薯花青苷色素(SPAC),研究其抗氧化活性及抑肿瘤作用。方法:采用体外实验测定SPAC清除??O2和?OH及抑制丙二醛(MDA)生成的能力。测定SPAC对小鼠血清及皮肤超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、抑制S180生长和血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性与MDA生成的作用。结果:在体外实验中SPAC能清除??O2和?OH,与同浓度VC相比,清除率分别提高30.63%和20.57%;小鼠灌胃SPAC后的血清和皮肤细胞中SOD活力分别提高27.30%和13.50%;SPAC对小鼠肉瘤S180有抑制作用,最高抑瘤率达到43.12%;与对照组相比,在用SPAC的抑瘤组小鼠血清中GSH-Px和SOD活性明显提高,MDA降低。结论:SPAC具有抗氧化及抑肿瘤作用,在食品和化妆品中有开发潜力。