草苁蓉提取物对AD模型大鼠学习记忆能力及神经元凋亡的影响

目的 探讨中药草苁蓉提取物对AD模型大鼠学习记忆能力及神经元凋亡的影响.方法 将60只健康SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组和中药高、中、低剂量组.采用Aβ_(1-40)建立AD模型,中药组予以草苁蓉提取物按高、中、低3种不同剂量灌胃治疗,治疗结束后测定其学习记忆能力和神经元凋亡百分比.结果 中药组大鼠学习记忆能力高于模型组(P<0.01),而神经元凋亡百分比低于模型组(P<0.01).结论 中药草苁蓉提取物可有效改善AD大鼠学习记忆障碍,减少胆碱能神经元凋亡,从而起到治疗作用.     

贫铀对体外培养成骨细胞的毒性作用

[目的]研究贫铀(depleted uranium,DU)对体外培养大鼠成骨细胞(osteoblast,OB)的毒性损伤作用,为DU对骨损伤防治提供依据。[方法]分离并培养原代成骨细胞,分别给予不同浓度(0.00195～0.0312mg/ml)的DU溶液,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞增殖率以观察DU对OB增殖的影响;对硝基苯磷酸二钠盐(PNPP)法测定细胞裂解液中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性以观察DU对OB分化能力的影响;矿化结节形成能力和面积测定以观察DU对OB矿化能力的影响。[结果]DU处理组OB增殖率、ALP活性均呈不同程度降低,且随着DU染毒剂量的增加和时间的延长,DU对OB增殖率和ALP活性的抑制作用更加明显,其中0.0078、0.0156、0.0312mg/ml等染毒剂量组与正常对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(JP<0.01)。此外,DU可明显抑制OB矿化结节形成能力,0.0039、0.0078mg/ml剂量组与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。[结论]DU在体外可以抑制OB增殖、分化和矿化能力,对OB的骨形成能力有明显抑制作用。     

坚持管理创新提升医院综合保障能力

坚持管理创新是提升医院综合保障能力的不竭动力.笔者对医院这几年建设发展所取得的成绩进行分析,提出了军队医院管理创新的必要性.总结了医院管理创新的主要做法:一是坚持管理理念创新;二是坚持管理模式创新;三是坚持管理手段创新.医院管理创新取得的成效:①经济效益持续增长;②社会效益明显提高;③风气建设明显改善;④保障能力明显增强.     

直线加速器日质控数据分析及过程评估

目的 应用统计过程控制方法对加速器日质控(QC)数据进行分析,并对使用晨检仪的QC过程进行评估。方法 加速器、晨检仪校准后分别收集由技师、物理师摆位的100组、30组QC数据,设备第2次校准后再次收集技师摆位的QC数据100组,分析两次校准后技师摆位数据(各100组)的归一化信噪比的变化规律。使用由技师和物理师摆位的QC数据(各30组)绘制控制图,比较中心线位置和上下控制线范围的不同。计算由技师、物理师摆位的3个组日QC的过程能力指数。结果 两次校准的技师摆位数据归一化信噪比均为前6周变化较大,6~8周后趋于稳定,8周后逐渐变小。物理师摆位的QC数据在输出量一致性方面,上下控制线范围更窄;在平坦度、对称性方面,中心线更接近目标值0。对输出量一致性、平坦度方面,3个组日QC的过程能力指数均满足≥1要求;对称性Transverse方向均不满足。结论 应采用30~40个数据点绘制加速器日QC过程的控制图。QC过程应由相对固定且较少的QC人员完成,检测项目也应设置更适合的容差。     

中药生产企业自主创新能力评价指标体系研究

目的:根据中药生产企业自主创新的内容和特点,建立一套中药生产企业自主创新能力评价指标体系。方法:通过文献法和专题小组讨论法拟定指标体系草案,采用德尔菲专家咨询法和层次分析法确定指标体系,并运用标杆比较法进行实测。结果与结论:最终确定的中药生产企业自主创新能力评价指标体系共5个一级指标,31个二级指标,且具有良好的科学性、合理性及可行性。     

A Social Exclusion Manipulation Interacts with Acquired Capability for Suicide to Predict Self-Aggressive Behaviors

The interpersonal theory of suicide posits that individuals who simultaneously experience high levels of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide are at high risk for a lethal or near-lethal suicide attempt. Although supported by self-report studies, no study has examined facets of the theory experimentally. The present study aimed to examine the belongingness and capability components of the theory by testing whether experimentally manipulated social exclusion interacts with self-reported acquired capability to predict higher self-administered shock levels on a self-aggression paradigm. A sample of 253 students completed self-report measures and were then randomly assigned to a social exclusion manipulation condition (future alone, future belonging, no feedback). Participants then participated in the self-aggression paradigm. The positive association between acquired capability and self-aggression was strongest among participants in the future alone social exclusion condition. In those assigned to the future belonging or no feedback conditions, the association between acquired capability and self-aggression was non-significant. These findings provide modest experimental support for the interpersonal theory of suicide and highlight a potential mechanism through which social exclusion may impact suicide risk. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.     

以问题为导向的团队合作模式在提升急重症护士科研能力中的作用

目的提高急重症护理人员发现临床问题及科研创作的能力。 方法分别将组建科研创作组前后急重症医学中心的科研创作过程设为对照组和观察组,观察组按6个阶段实施团队科研创作,6个阶段包括：收集筛选临床护理问题、资料查询、确定命题、小组撰写、集中修改及成果发表。观察两组课题撰写立项、论文发表、核心期刊论文占比、专利成果等科研成果指标。 结果采取以问题为导向的团队科研创作模式,与组建科研论文创作小组前比较,护理人员在课题撰写、专利成果和论文创作成果等指标,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P值分别<0.05及<0.01)。 结论采取以问题为导向的团队创作模式,能明显提高护理人员发现问题的能力,提高创作积极性及科研创作能力。     

碘化钾和碘酸钾对碘缺乏大鼠晶状体影响的对比研究

 目的 通过给碘缺乏Wistar大鼠补充不同剂量两种碘剂,即碘化钾(KI)和碘酸钾(KIO3),对比和探讨两种碘剂对其晶状体的影响及其机制.方法 成功复制碘缺乏Wistar大鼠动物模型后随机分为适量KI组、过量KI组、适量KIO3组和过量KIO3组4组,5个月后股动脉放血处死大鼠,对各组大鼠晶状体的重量、抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化程度进行定量分析对比.结果 碘缺乏Wistar大鼠补充过量KIO3后晶状体重量较补充适量KI鼠轻(P<0.05),补充过量KIO3后抗氧化能力低于补充适量KI鼠和适量KIO3鼠(P<0.05),脂质过氧化程度未见显著差异.结论 过量补充KIO3可能对晶状体造成损伤.     

Medical and social prognoses of non-specific building-related symptoms (Sick Building Syndrome): a follow-up study of patients previously referred to hospital

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe and analyse the medical and social prognoses of patients with non-specific building-related symptoms.

Methods

A follow-up questionnaire focusing on current medical and social status, care, treatment, other actions taken and personality traits was sent to 239 patients with non-specific building-related symptoms assessed during the period between1986 and 1998 at University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden. The response rate was 79%.

Results

Fatigue, irritation of the eyes, and facial erythema were the most common weekly symptoms reported at follow-up. As females constituted 92% of the respondents, statistical analyses were restricted to women. The level and severity of symptoms decreased over time, although nearly half of the patients claimed that symptoms were more or less unchanged after 7 years or more, despite actions taken. Twenty-five percent of the patients were on the sick-list, and 20% drew disability pension due to persistent symptoms at follow-up. The risk of having no work capabilities at follow-up was significantly increased if the time from onset to first visit at the hospital clinic was more than 1 year. This risk was also significantly higher if the patient at the first visit had five or more symptoms. All risk assessments were adjusted for length of follow-up. Symptoms were often aggravated by different situations in everyday life.

Conclusions

Long-lasting symptoms aggravated by environmental factors exist within this group of patients. The results support that early and comprehensive measures for rehabilitation are essential for the patients.