肝硬化上消化道出血患者血浆TXB2、6—酮—PGF1α及vWF的变化

为进一步探讨肝硬化患者上消化道出血的发生机制及病理生理意义,采用ELISA方法分别定量测定40例肝硬化患者与10例对照组患者血浆血栓素B2（TXB2）、6－酮－前列腺素F1α（6－酮－PGF1α）及血管性假血友病因子（vWF）的水平。结果显示：肝硬化患者无上消化道出血组血浆TXB2水平、TXB2／6酮－PGF1α比值较对照组明显降低（P＜0．05）,较出血组显著增高（P＜0．05或0．01）;而血浆6－酮－PGF1α与vWF水平较对照组明显增高（P＜0．05或0．01）,较出血组显著降低（P＜0．05）。结果表明,肝硬化患者上消化道出血与血浆TXB2下降、6－酮－PGF1α升高及其比例衡有密切关系,vWF水平升高能反映肝硬化血管内皮损伤及上消化道出血倾向。     

α1A受体阻滞剂在前列腺癌中的应用

目的：探讨α1A受体阻滞剂坦素罗辛对改善前列腺癌患者下尿路梗阻症状的作用。方法：对存在有下尿路梗阻症状的26例前列腺癌患者,在进行联合雄激素阻断治疗的同时,加用α1A受体阻滞剂坦素罗辛。结果：治疗后2周和4周,治疗组的最大尿流率（Qmax）、国际前列腺症状评分（I－PSS）、残余尿量（PVR）均比 对照组有显著性改善（P＜0.05）。结论：α1A受体阻滞剂坦素罗辛可有效地改善前列腺癌患者下尿路梗阻症状。     

复发性口腔溃疡与血清TNF-α,TGF-β浓度关系的临床研究

目的 :研究复发性口腔溃疡与血清TNF α,TGF β浓度关系。方法 :选择复发性口腔溃疡患者 3 2例 ,采用ELISA检测其血清TNF α ,TGF β水平 ,并与正常成年人作对照。结果 :复发性口腔溃疡患者TNF α水平较正常组明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,TGF β水平与正常组相比 ,无显著统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :复发性口腔溃疡的致病过程与细胞因子TNF α有关 ,与TGF β关系不密切     

老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者内皮细胞损伤和血小板活化的研究

目的 :研究老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者、老年高血压病患者的内皮细胞损伤、血小板活化和炎症因子改变。方法 :选择 2 8例老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者 (发病 72h内 )、31例Ⅰ ,Ⅱ期老年高血压病患者和 2 8例老年正常对照 ,测定其血浆vonWillebrand因子 (vWF)、α颗粒膜蛋白 - 140 (GMP 140 )和血清C反应蛋白 (CRP)含量。结果 :老年高血压病并发脑梗死组血浆vWF含量、GMP 140含量和血清CRP含量均明显高于老年高血压病组及老年正常对照组 ;老年高血压病组血浆vWF含量、GMP 140含量亦明显高于老年正常对照组 ,血清CRP含量较老年正常对照组高 ,但差异无显著性。结论 :老年高血压病并发脑梗死患者存在明显的内皮细胞损伤、血小板活化和炎症改变 ;Ⅰ ,Ⅱ期老年高血压病患者亦有明显的内皮细胞损伤和血小板活化。     

The Alpha-Defensin Prosthetic Joint Infection Test Has Poor Validity for Native Knee Joint Infection

BackgroundThe alpha-defensin test known as Synovaure has been very effective in diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Being able to easily and accurately differentiate septic and inflammatory arthropathies in native joints would improve diagnostic workup and management. We tested the ability of an alpha-defensin test to distinguish septic from inflammatory or crystalline arthropathy in the native knee.Methods40 native knee joint fluid specimens were tested with cell count, fluid analysis, and culture and alpha-defensin testing. We determined the sensitivity and specificity of the alpha-defensin test using culture-positive fluid as the gold standard for septic arthropathy and positive crystals as the gold standard for crystalline arthropathy.ResultsThe Synovasure PJI test had 100% specificity for septic arthritis coupled with a 28% false-positive rate when applied to native knee aspirations. False-positive rate was 5.3 times higher in patients with crystals found in the joint fluid.ConclusionAlpha-defensin testing, in the form of the Synovasure PJI test, has a high-false-positive rate when used to distinguish septic and inflammatory arthritis in the native knee joint. Future work will need to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the newer native joint panel. Clinicians should be cognizant of the specific alpha-defensin test used when sampling native knee synovial fluid.     

低氧环境对椎间盘自发性吸收的影响及其作用机制

目的探讨低氧环境对椎间盘自发性吸收的影响及其作用机制。方法取SPF级成年日本大耳兔9只,雌雄不限,平均体质量2 kg。将兔处死后取脊柱髓核组织,经消化、分离、培养后获得传代髓核细胞,将生长良好的髓核细胞制成细胞悬液。根据不同时效的低氧环境将细胞分为5组对照组(常氧浓度下培养6 h)、低氧6 h组(2%O2浓度下培养6 h)、低氧12 h组(2%O2浓度下培养12 h)、低氧24 h组(2%O2浓度下培养24 h)和低氧48 h组(2%O2浓度下培养48 h)。采用实时聚合酶链反应法检测缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1α、3型酸敏感离子通道(ASIC3)及水通道蛋白3(AQP3)mRNA表达水平,采用流式细胞仪检测各组髓核细胞凋亡情况。采用SPSS 24.0软件对数据进行分析。结果与对照组比较,低氧各组细胞凋亡率均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);与低氧12、24和48 h组比较,低氧6 h组细胞凋亡率最高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。与对照组比较,低氧各组细胞HIF-1α和ASIC3 mRNA表达水平均明显上升,AQP3 mRNA表达水平均明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);与低氧12、24和48 h组比较,低氧6 h组HIF-1α和ASIC3 mRNA表达水平最高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论短时间低氧环境可以促进髓核细胞凋亡,从而加速椎间盘突出组织自发性吸收进程,其机制可能与HIF-1α和ASIC3的表达增加及AQP3的表达下降有关。     

Functional characterization of somatic point mutations of the human estrogen receptor alpha (hERalpha) in adenomyosis uteri

Endometriosis and adenomyosis uteri are chronic, benign diseases caused by the presence of endometrial tissue in ectopic locations, e.g. peritoneal or deep inside the myometrial wall of the uterus and/or in the rectovaginal septum. Although adenomyosis might be considered as a special form of endometriosis, both conditions differ with respect to clinical symptoms and treatment. Induction of a hypo-estrogenic state alone or in combination with surgical removal of the extra-uterine lesion is mostly sufficient for treatment of peritoneal endometriosis. By contrast, adenomyosis uteri rarely responds to hormonal therapy and usually requires a hysterectomy for cure. Consequently, the role of steroid hormone receptors with respect to the aetiology of either condition is still a matter of discussion. Using PCR/single strand conformation polymorphism analysis, we identified somatic estrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene mutations in three out of 55 samples from adenomyosis uteri. Functional characterization revealed that two of the mutant ERalpha proteins display severely impaired DNA-binding and transactivation properties secondary to an altered response to estrogens or changes in epidermal growth factor-mediated ligand-independent activation. Although the exact mechanism remains unknown, we suggest that mutation-related silencing of estrogen responsiveness might render endometriotic cells resistant to hypo-estrogenic conditions thereby accounting for failure of estrogen-ablative therapy in adenomyosis.     

Rare alpha 1 antitrypsin allele PI W and a history of infant liver disease

We present a consanguinous couple whose three of four children are homozygous for a rare slow alpha 1 antitrypsin allele PI*W. All three children had abnormal liver function in infancy and two died in infancy of liver disease. The eldest child and both parents were heterozygous for the PI*W allele and were unaffected. Therefore, although serum levels are not markedly reduced, homozygotes appear to be at increased risk of developing liver disease. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Endometrial assessment in a group of infertile women on stimulated cycles for IVF: immunohistochemical findings

An immunohistochemical assessment of the endometrium was carried out in a group of IVF patients on stimulated cycles, in order to evaluate this technique against standard histological methods and to consider its application in a clinical situation. Monoclonal antibodies to the two cycle-dependent proteins: pregnancy associated endometrial alpha 2-globulin (alpha 2-PEG) and 24K (a protein originally isolated from an oestrogen-dependent breast tumour line, MCF-7) were used in the experiment. Immunohistochemical results concerning the effect of drug stimulation, age and date of biopsy on the secretory state of the endometrium revealed trends which were consistent with previous histological data, helping to confirm the value of this new technique. In addition, several specimens were found to have a normal, i.e. in phase, histological appearance but to have an atypical pattern of protein secretion. These observations suggest that biochemical monitoring of the uterus should be used in conjunction with routine histological dating.     

Characterization of one alpha 2-macroglobulin with anticomplementary activity from pregnant women.

In 15 pregnant women during the third term of pregnancy, the immunomodulatory property of alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) was initially detected by measuring the inhibitory effect on immune complement-dependent haemolysis of serum alpha 2M fractions obtained by gel filtration. By a two-step chromatography procedure consisting of gel filtration followed by anion-exchange chromatography, different sub-forms of alpha 2M in serum were separated. Amongst them, it was shown that the inhibition of complement activity was almost exclusively linked to one particular subform. Additional studies revealed that the observed effect was not due to proteases bound to alpha 2M during clotting since, by using protease-specific inhibitors, no change was observed in complement inhibition. This subform, though present at very low levels in control sera, appeared in strikingly increased amounts during the third trimester of pregnancy (35 mg/l) and comprised between 3 and 5% of the total alpha 2M. Results show that the increase of alpha 2M anticomplementary activity is linked to the increase in alpha 2M levels in serum.