斑秃患者血浆内皮素及血清一氧化氮水平测定及其意义

目的 :探讨血浆内皮素 (ET)和血清一氧化氮 (NO)在斑秃发病中的作用。方法 :应用放射免疫法和Greiss法测定 2 3例斑秃活动期患者、1 1例斑秃稳定期患者以及 2 5例正常人血浆ET和血清NO值。结果 :斑秃活动期患者ET水平和ET/NO比值显著高于正常人 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但其NO水平与正常人无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;斑秃稳定期ET和NO水平以及ET/NO比值与正常人无显著性差异(P >0 0 5 )。结论 :斑秃活动期患者ET水平和ET/NO比值可能与斑秃的活动性有关     

应激生活事件和斑秃发生风险的相关性调查

目的调查斑秃患者发病和精神因素的相关性,揭示精神因素在斑秃发病中的潜在作用。方法收集2008年3月至2009年3月西南医院皮肤科确诊斑秃患者和健康人群,采用病例对照研究方法,记录研究对象的流行病学情况,采用Thomas Holmes和Richard Rahe社会再适应量表调查斑秃患者发病6个月前应激生活事件及健康对照填表前6个月的应激生活事件,统计学分析斑秃发病和应激生活事件的相关性。结果斑秃患者应激生活事件的发生率与患者性别及斑秃类型无统计学差异(P>0.05)。51.34%的斑秃患者在发病前6个月经历过2项以上应激生活事件,32.05%的对照在填表前6个月经历过2项以上应激生活事件,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。主要的应激生活事件为睡眠改变、个人习惯改变、居住环境改变、家庭问题、工作问题、学习问题和财政问题。斑秃患者组的SRRS评分高于健康对照组(P<0.01),斑秃患者发病前应激状态明显高于健康对照。经多因素Logistic回归分析,睡眠改变、学习问题、个人习惯改变和家庭问题应激生活事件是斑秃发生的危险因素。结论应激生活事件对斑秃的发生起着一定作用,应激诱发斑秃机制将有助于斑秃防治措施的开发。     

液氮浅低温冷冻治疗斑秃的临床观察

我们采用液氮浅低温疗法治疗斑秃72例,有效率为100％,治愈率91.7％,优于其它疗法。其作用机制,我们认为,一为直接改善了局部的血液循环,二是通过神经反射,作用于植物神经系统,使皮肤的血管舒缩障碍改善,毛囊的血液供应增加,毛发得以生长,三是通过冷冻免疫的作用。另外,浅低温冷冻疗法可能有使黑色素细胞数目和黑色素的合成增加的作用,因而新生毛发呈黑色。     

Ocular alterations in patients of alopecia areata

There is paucity of published work on ocular alterations in patients of alopecia areata (AA), especially from the Asian continent. We studied the clinical profile of 83 patients of AA and 80 sex- and age-matched controls to assess and compare the ocular changes, namely punctate opacities, cataract, intraocular tension and retinal changes. The outcome was analyzed with respect to prevalence of atopy, concomitant personal or family history of autoimmune diseases and nail changes in both the groups. The prevalence of atopy and family history of autoimmune diseases was significantly higher in the patient group. Lenticular changes were observed in 40.9% patients (including cataract in 16.9%) and 11.2% controls ( P  < 0.005). Within the patient group, lenticular involvement occurred with increased frequency in atopics ( P  = 0.034) and in the presence of family history of autoimmune diseases ( P  < 0.05). Retinal changes in the form of degenerative changes, pigmentary clumping and abnormal vascular changes were more prevalent ( P  < 0.001) in the study group. As the ocular changes were not found to correlate with the age, severity or extent of the disease, an initial ophthalmological screening of all patients is suggested.     

Non‐infectious inflammatory disorders of the nail apparatus

Inflammatory non‐infectious diseases of the nails are not uncommon. The nail changes may look different in the same diseases, but also very much alike in various different nail disorders depending on which particular structure of the nail apparatus is involved. Of all skin diseases, psoriasis is the one with the most frequent nail involvement. The presence of many pits allows the diagnosis to be made, but salmon spots and onycholysis are also characteristic features. Lichen planus may occur isolated on the nails or in association with lesions of the skin and adjacent mucosal membranes. Longitudinal striations and loss of the nail plate shine are the most frequent features of nail lichen planus. The more severe the alopecia areata is and the younger the patient is, the more often it affects the nail, usually with a rough surface and loss of shine. Eczemas and various autoimmune dermatoses may also affect the nails but the changes are not clinically specific.     

局部应用长压定治疗斑秃38例临床疗效观察

本文用2％长压定溶液(minoxidil)局部应用于38例斑秃患者,用药4月,其总有效率为83％,未见有明显的副作用,表明局部2％长压定应用于斑秃是一种有效、简便和安全的方法。     

Hereditary hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp

Hereditary hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp is a rare trait with onset in early childhood. This phenomenon has been reported only once previously, in a Spanish kindred. This communication describes a case in a Jewish-Yemenite kindred with 51 affected individuals and confirms autosomal dominant inheritance.     

Alopecia areata in Turkey: demographic and clinical features

Background  Alopecia areata is a complex genetic disease with still many unknown aspects, and many studies have been tried to find some clues about it.
Objective  We aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of alopecia areata in Turkish patients.
Methods  Demographic data, localization, attack number in addition to some parameters such as disease duration, severity, age of onset, family history and ophiasis pattern were evaluated in 539 alopecia areata patients.
Results  The male to female ratio was 1.6 : 1. Occipital and beard-moustache areas were mostly affected. Positive family history was noticed in 24.1% of the patients. The age of onset was earlier in women than in men ( P =  0.04). Severe forms showed more persistent (≥ 1 year) disease duration ( P =  0.00). Ophiasis was more common in severe, long duration (≥ 1 year) and early onset (≤ 18 years) disease ( P =  0.00 for all parameters). Childhood alopecia areata (≤ 18 years) was also associated with long duration of the disease ( P =  0.016) and positive family history ( P =  0.008) when compared with adult onset (> 18 years) alopecia areata.