根及根茎类中药饮片产地炮制加工生产模式的构建

结合目前中药饮片生产现状和存在的突出问题,提出以根及根茎类中药为研究对象,建立中药饮片产地炮制加工生产新模式,从源头确保饮片信息的准确性、饮片质量的稳定性和安全性,为搭建中药炮制和饮片研究技术平台提供规范的中药饮片生产模式,推动中药饮片行业的规范化、规模化和专业化发展.开展常用根及根茎类中药饮片的产地炮制加工研究,并逐步推广应用到其他类别中药饮片,将显著提高中药饮片的质量和中医药在我国乃至世界医疗卫生事业中的地位和作用.     

铸瓷冠配合纤维桩在前牙残冠残根保存修复中的应用

目的探索应用铸瓷冠配合纤维桩修复前牙残冠残根的临床效果。方法将60例95颗因龋齿和外伤所致的上颌前牙残冠残根随机分为两组,各30例,试验组49颗患牙采用铸瓷冠配合纤维桩进行修复,对照组46颗患牙采用金属烤瓷冠配合铸造金属桩进行修复。修复后随访1年,对修复体的固位、外形完整度、颜色匹配、牙龈状态、边缘密合度各项指标进行综合评价。结果试验组修复后1年,修复成功47件,成功率为95.9%。对照组修复成功33件,成功率为71.7%。两组成功率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.71,P<0.01)。结论铸瓷冠配合纤维桩修复残根残冠效果良好,值得推广使用。     

泽漆根体外抗肿瘤实验研究

本文研究了泽漆根水提取液(EWE)的体外抗肿瘤作用。通过活细胞计数法、MTT法、集落形成试验观察其对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用。活细胞计数结果表明EWE对7721、Hela、MKN-45细胞株72小时IC_(50)分别为1.26、1.98、1.72mg/ml;EWE对三种细胞降解MTTIC_(50)值分别为 1.43、1.67、0.97mg/ml;EWE4mg/ml对三种细胞集落抑制率分别为59.8％、66.4％、70.5％。说明EWE有直接细胞毒作用,并与时间、剂量呈正相关。     

保留残根残冠在老年口腔龋病中的应用

目的:重点研究老年口腔龋病中残根残冠的治疗与保留。方法:对139例老年患者223颗患牙进行保存治疗,观察最长5年,最短9个月。结果:139例老年龋病患者的223颗残根残冠全部进行保存治疗,5年有效率为93.8%。结论:老年龋病患者的残根残冠是一种常见的牙体疾病,临床应用的保存治疗方法是有效的,对恢复咀嚼功能有重要的临床意义。     

下颈椎经关节螺钉植入深度的侧位X线片评价

目的 运用侧位x线片评价下颈椎经关节螺钉植入深度的安伞性.方法 采用6具新鲜颈椎标本(C1～T1),每具标本均在直视下植入下颈椎经关节螺钉(每侧4枚螺钉:C3,4、C4,5、C5,6、C6,7各1枚),分别在植入螺钉尖端穿出最后一层皮质0、2、4、6 mm时摄标准侧位x线片,将侧位X线片上椎体垂直等分为四部分,定义为1～4区,并定义椎体后缘之后相当宽度的区域为前1区.每次植入时记录螺钉尖端在X线侧位片的位置,以综合评价螺钉植入的安全性.结果 在C3,4和C4,5螺钉尖端穿出最后一层皮质0 mm时,87.5％在1区,穿出2 mm时,54.2％在1区.当螺钉尖端穿出4 mm时,75.O％在2区,穿出6mm时58.3％在3区.在C5,6和C6,7,穿出0mm时75.0％位于前1区,穿出2mm时,54.2％位于前1区;穿出4 mm时83.3％位于1区,穿出6mm时,50.0％位于2区.结论 侧位X线片町用于评价下颈椎经关节螺钉植入深度的安全性.在侧位X线片上,理想的螺钉尖端位置为C3,4和C4,5应位于1区,而在Cs,6和C6.7应位于前1区.     

Effect of Electrical Anterior Sacral Nerve Root Stimulation on Pelvic Floor Function in Paraplegic Subjects

The effect of the Brindley stimulator on pelvic floor function has been studied in seven paraplegic subjects by standard manometric, radiologic, and electrophysiologic methods. There was no difference in the maximum resting pressure in the anal canal between the stimulated group and paraplegic subjects without sacral stimulators acting as controls. The fall in pressure in response to the rectosphinteric reflex as a percentage of the original resting pressure was significantly less, indicating a proportional effect on the external sphincter. There was less descent of the pelvic floor at rest in the stimulated group, but no difference in the pudendoanal reflex latency, motor unit potential duration, or resting electromyogram activity of the external anal sphincter. The maximum resting pressure in the anal canal, the pudendoanal reflex response amplitude, and the external anal sphincter electromyogram activity increased, however, with the duration of the implant. The S4 root had the dominant effect on the pelvic floor, with decreasing effects from the S3 and S2 roots on the pressure and integrated electromyogram activity generated by the external anal sphincter. The anorectal angle had not changed at rest in the group with the stimulator, but S4 root stimulation made it more acute than S3 or S2 root stimulation. The results suggest profound effects of S4 anterior root stimulation on the pelvic floor with additional effects of S3 and S2 anterior roots on pelvic function.     

马尾近端SPR的临床应用解剖学

目的：为限制性椎板切除的ＳＰＲ提供解剖学依据。方法：在２０例成人防腐灌注红色乳胶的脊柱标本上，对近端马尾神经进行巨—微解剖学观察。结果：马尾近端，Ｌ１前后根之间有最下一对齿状韧带，前根位于相应后根的前内侧。各节段后根在马尾近端呈冠状位的内外平排，从内向外依次为Ｓ２～Ｌ１的后根；各节段后根进脊髓处，Ｌ５和Ｓ１后根之间有明显分界线，相邻节段后根之间，均有恒定小静脉分隔。以终丝起点为定点，各节段后根与终丝之间的距离和成角从Ｓ２到Ｌ１逐渐增加。结论：在限制性椎板切除的ＳＰＲ术中，前、后根的鉴别主要依靠脊髓的外侧索和Ｌ１前后根之间的最下一对齿状韧带；后根节段的鉴别主要依靠后根连脊髓处，Ｌ５和Ｓ１之间有明显分界、相邻节段后根间有恒定小静脉来定性鉴别。也可根据终丝起点水平，各节段后根与终丝之间的距离和成角来鉴别后根节段     

Fracture resistance of thin-walled roots restored with different post systems

Aim  To compare the fracture resistance of thin-walled roots after restoration with different types of post systems.
Methodology  One hundred and sixty-five decoronated maxillary central incisors were root filled and randomly assigned to three groups with respect to the remaining dentine thickness of root (1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm). Each group was randomly divided into five equal subgroups. The subgroups were restored with one of the following post systems: polyethylene woven fibre (R), composite resin cured by light-transmitting post + glass fibre post (L), electrical glass fibre post (E), composite corono-radicular restoration (C) and cast metal post (M). Standard cores were constructed using composite resin in the first four groups. The samples were subjected to a gradually increasing force (1 mm min⁻¹). The force required to fracture was recorded. The data was analysed with anova and Tukey test ( P  = 0.05).
Results  The cast metal post group had the highest fracture strength ( P  < 0.001). There was no significant difference in fracture resistance between the other four groups. Fracture resistance was affected largely by the remaining dentine thickness in fibre post groups; however, the difference was not significant. On the contrary in the cast metal post group load failure was inversely influenced by axio-proximal dimension of dentine walls.
Conclusion  The cast post group had a higher fracture strength than resin groups. The force required to fracture the roots was similar for all fibre post systems and for all dentine thicknesses.     

Some cautions on the use of panel methods for integrated series of macroeconomic data

Summary Existing panel cointegration tests rule out cross‐unit cointegrating relationships, while economic theory and empirical observation argue strongly in favour of their presence. Using an extensive set of simulation experiments, we show that both univariate and multivariate panel cointegration tests can be substantially oversized in the presence of cross‐unit cointegration. We also propose a test for cross‐unit cointegration that performs well in practice and can be used to decide upon the usefulness of panel methods.     

臭牡丹根正丁醇提取物镇痛作用的研究

目的:研究臭牡丹根正丁醇提取物对疼痛小鼠的影响。方法:化学方法制备臭牡丹根正丁醇提取物。镇痛试验中,采用扭体实验和热板法,在热板法中小鼠分别注射臭牡丹正丁醇与纳洛酮或吗啡与纳洛酮,探测药物对不良刺激的延迟时间。炎性疼痛试验中,采用角叉菜胶诱发大鼠脚趾肿胀模型,前列腺素类含量的测定通过紫外可见光分光光度法,经过0.5mol/L氢氧化钾甲醇溶液,在50℃的温度中为异构后,在波长为278nm处检测。结果:腹腔注射臭牡丹提取物,发现能明显抑制0.6%醋酸诱发疼痛(P<0.01),在热板法中,在给臭牡丹药15分钟、30分钟、60分钟、90分钟后小鼠明显延长对不良刺激反应时间。实验表明同时给予臭牡丹提取物与纳洛酮15分钟、30分钟、60分钟、90分钟后小鼠明显延长对不良刺激反应时间,提示纳洛酮不能翻转其镇痛作用。在抗炎试验中,臭牡丹提取物呈剂量依赖性地抑制由角叉菜胶诱发炎性肿胀的前列腺素生成。结论:臭牡丹正丁醇提取物具有镇痛作用,该作用阿片受体无关,与抑制前列腺素合成有关。