利用成品钛合金螺纹桩对后牙残根烤瓷修复的疗效观察

目的为探讨后牙残根利用成品螺纹桩经烤瓷修复后的疗效。方法随机选择后牙残根128例,经完善根管治疗,牙齿无松动,牙根超过8mm,经半月观察,临床无自觉症状,利用成品钛合金螺纹桩进行烤瓷修复。结果经1年到3年复查,成功率（120例）93．8％,失败率（8例）6．2％,临床疗效满意。结论后牙残根经完善根管治纹桩烤瓷修复,可以保留患牙,恢复咀嚼功能及美观的要求。     

On LM type tests for seasonal unit roots in quarterly data

In this paper the application of the score principle to test for unit roots in seasonal processes is analysed. In particular, tests based on the procedure proposed by Hylleberg et al.(1990, Journal of Econometrics, 44 , 215–38) (HEGY) are introduced and the respective limit distributions derived in a local‐to‐unity context. It is shown that these statistics converge to distributions already tabulated in the literature. A Monte Carlo investigation contrasting the conventional HEGY procedure with the new Lagrange multiplier HEGY type tests reveals the latter to have a better performance. Furthermore, the limiting powers of the test statistic are also computed and compared.     

Tolerance to acute compression injury and recovery of nerve function in chronically compressed spinal nerve roots: Experimental study

Chronic compression (10 mm Hg for 1 week) of spinal nerve roots in a dog experimental model has been shown to reduce nerve conduction velocity. Although injured, the compressed nerve roots demonstrated increased resistance to acute compression applied in addition to the chronic compression after 1 week. In the present study reduction of nerve conduction velocity induced by chronic compression recovered when the duration of compression was extended to 1 month. However, the tolerance to additionally applied compression was still present. This study provides important base-line data for continued studies of the basic mechanisms of the development of tolerance to changes in compression pressure levels in chronically compressed nerve roots.     

昆明山海棠离体胚培养的细胞学观察

首次报道了昆明山海棠离体胚的培养,诱导出愈伤组织、不定根、不定突起和丛芽,并进行了细胞学观察。指出:子叶上的愈伤组织起源于表皮及表皮下的叶肉细胞。不定根原基常来源于愈伤组织中散生分生组织或维管束。同时,对易分化形成不定根的愈伤组织的组织学特点进行了观察。     

Post-irradiation lesions of the caudal roots

The article reports on 3 patients suffering from muscular atrophy after radiotherapy of the para-aortal lymph nodes for malignant testicular tumor without any sensory, bladder, or bowel disturbances. By neurophysiological examination, a lesion of the lumbal plexus and the peripheral nerves of the lower extremities were excluded. On EMG-examination there were no giant motor unit potentials, as they can be found in anterior horn cell lesions. Though there were no sensory deficits, a distinct prolongation of latencies and reduction of amplitudes could be found for lumbar dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and those after stimulation of some peripheral nerves of the lower extremities.     

Anatomical variations of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve

The variations in formation, location, and courses of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve were studied in both axillae of 172 cadavers. The total prevalence of variation was 12.8% (CI, 7.6-17.4) and it was found in 13.2% (CI, 7.5-18) of male and in 10.7% (CI, -0.6-19.6) of female cadavers. These variations were divided into three groups. The first group was abnormal location of the cords, which was either posterolateral or anteromedial in relation to the axillary artery in 2.3% (CI, 0.1-4.5) cadavers. The lateral cord and the medial root of the median nerve had received communicating branches from the posterior cord in most of the cases of this group. The second group was absence of the posterior cord in 3.5% (CI, 0.7-6.1) of cadavers. The lateral and medial cords of this group were connected with the communicating branches, which had a course in front of the axillary artery. The third group was abnormal formation and course of the median nerve in 7% (CI, 3.1-10.6) of cadavers. In all cases of this group the medial root received communicating branch/branches either from the lateral or posterior cord. In eight (4.7%) cadavers, both roots of the median nerve were joined on medial side of the axillary artery to form a median nerve, which traveled medial to the artery. In four (2.3%) cadavers the roots of the median nerve did not join and both traveled separately anteromedial to the axillary and brachial arteries. This study indicates that all three cords and median nerve vary considerably in levels of origin, location and course in relation to the axillary artery and these variable cases were joined with the communicating branch/branches. The observed variations are of anatomical and clinical interest. These kinds of variations are more prone to injury in radical neck dissection and in other surgical operation of the axilla.     

The X-pointer: A forgotten anatomical relationship of spinal accessory nerve and great auricular nerve

IntroductionThe preservation of the spinal accessory nerve cannot be overlooked in neck dissection. Injury to the nerve results in shoulder dysfunction and other related morbidities. In this article, we describe a unique constant relationship between spinal accessory nerve and great auricular nerve, at the junction of the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck, eponymously labelled the X- pointer.MethodologyThis was an observational study conducted at a tertiary care cancer centre that runs a comprehensive surgical training program. A 100 cases of modified radical neck dissection performed for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma from January 2017 to January 2019 in were included. The relationship was analyzed in 100 cases of neck dissection for its constancy.ResultIn all the 100 cases, the X-pointer was demonstrated as a constant anatomical relationship between the spinal accessory nerve and great auricular nerve. The crossing over of the nerve on the undersurface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is constant and independent of the patient's body proportions.ConclusionsThe relationship between the spinal accessory nerve and great auricular nerve remains constant irrespective of the technique of neck dissection and body habitus of the patient. In our view, this relationship can be used as an additional confirmatory landmark to prevent inadvertent injury to the spinal accessory nerve.     

托盘根水煎剂降糖作用分析

目的:探讨托盘根水煎剂对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用。方法:Wistar大鼠80只,采用大鼠尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶复制糖尿病大鼠模型。随机分为模型组(ig 13.5 m L·kg-1的蒸馏水),阳性药组(210 mg·kg-1的盐酸二甲双胍水溶液),托盘根低、高剂量组(分别ig 1.35,2.70 g·kg-1托盘根水煎剂),另设正常组,每组10只,每天ig 1次,共13 d。检测空腹血糖(FBG),一氧化氮(NO),丙二醛(MDA),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及脏器系数的影响。结果:与正常组比较,模型组FBG,SOD,GSH-Px水平明显升高,NO,MDA含量明显降低(P0.05);经托盘根治疗后,治疗组FBG水平较模型组降低(P0.05),低剂量组血清中NO和高剂量组血清中MDA含量较模型组升高(P0.05),而高剂量组血清中SOD和低、高剂量组血清中GSH-Px含量较模型组降低(P0.05),且托盘根水煎剂对所取脏器均有修复作用。结论:托盘根水煎剂可通过增强机体的抗氧化作用,促进胰岛功能恢复而发挥降血糖作用。     

高选择性神经损伤对大鼠创面愈合的影响

目的 建立大鼠高选择性神经损伤联合皮肤缺损模型,研究单纯运动神经或感觉神经损伤对大鼠创面愈合的影响. 方法 雄性SD大鼠90只按随机数字表法分为三组,每组30只.包括A组:后根感觉神经切断+后肢皮肤缺损组;B组:前根运动神经切断+后肢皮肤缺损组;C组:假神经切断+后肢皮肤缺损组.伤后2,7,14,21 d测定各组大鼠创面愈合率;伤后1,3,7,14 d取创面皮肤组织采用RT -PCR检测降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP) mRNA的表达情况;3,7,14,21 d取创面皮肤组织免疫组织化学染色检测Bcl -2蛋白的表达水平. 结果 伤后2dA、C组创面愈合率高于B组(P＜0.05),A、C组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);7,14dC组创面愈合率高于A、B组(P＜0.05),A、B组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05); 21 dB、C组创面愈合率高于A组(P＜0.05),B、C组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).伤后各组均可见CGRP mRNA的表达,并逐渐增强,伤后1,3dB、C组表达均较A组高(P＜0.05),B、C组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);伤后7dC组＞B组＞A组(P＜0.05);14 d B组＞A组＞C组(P＜0.05).免疫组化染色显示,伤后3d各组Bcl -2蛋白表达差异无统计学意义,伤后7dC组表达较A、B组强(P＜0.05),A、B组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);伤后14dC组＞B组＞A组(P＜0.05);21 dB组表达高于A、C组(P＜0.05),A、C组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论 在创面愈合过程中,感觉神经纤维对创面愈合的影响较运动神经纤维显著,神经损伤(尤其是感觉神经)不利于创面愈合,完整的神经支配是创面正常愈合的必需条件.     

大剂量黄芪注射液治疗缺血性脑卒中临床分析

目的观察大剂量黄芪注射液和葛根素注射液治疗脑梗死的疗效及安全性.方法采用病例对照研究方法,对105例脑梗死病人采用不同的治疗方法,对其疗效进行分析.分组方案为:对照组使用香丹注射液静脉输注;治疗组采用黄芪注射液和葛根素静脉输注.均以7 d为1个疗程,两组共治疗3个疗程后评定疗效.结果经治疗后两组总有效率对照组为84.00%、治疗组94.55%,两组差别有统计学意义(P＜0.01),且病人无不良反应.结论使用大剂量黄芪、葛根素注射液治疗缺血性脑卒中安全有效,作用平稳.