Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Mycotoxin Adsorbent Agents on Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways and Inflammation-Associated Gene Expression in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most prevalent mycotoxin in swine feedstuffs. The intestinal epithelial cells represent the first target for the DON. Here, we studied the effects of DON and mycotoxin adsorbent agents on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and inflammation-associated gene expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Results showed that phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways (p38, ERK, and JNK) was increased after treatment of DON or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in IPEC-J2 cells. The phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK was not further enhanced after co-treatment with DON and LPS. The inos and cox-2 mRNA expression were significantly induced at 6 h after treatment of DON. DON treatment significantly increased the claudin 3 and occludin mRNA expression at 12 h. DON in combination with LPS treatment did not further increase the inflammation and tight junction-associated gene expression. The DON-induced phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways was impaired by mycotoxin adsorbent agent (nanoscale silicate platelets and the mixture of montmorillonites and yeast cell walls) treatment, thereby decreasing inflammation and tight junction-associated gene expression. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that DON triggers the inflammation in IPEC-J2 cells by phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways and LPS does not further augment the DON-induced inflammatory responses. Mycotoxin adsorbent agents can attenuate DON-induced inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 cells through modulation of the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.     

血液灌流吸附剂对百草枯吸附作用的实验研究

目的探讨血液灌流吸附剂对百草枯的吸附作用。方法采用0．5％百草枯溶液200ml、100ml、50ml及0．01％百草枯溶液200ml进行体外循环吸附2h，观察百草枯浓度的变化，以计算活性炭及大孔吸附树脂对百草枯的吸附率。结果百草枯的浓度为0．5％，循环容积为200ml，百草枯含量为1000mg时，活性炭和树脂的吸附率为46％、35％；百草枯的浓度为0．5％，循环容积为100ml，百草枯含量为500mg时，活性炭和树脂的吸附率为65％、47％；百草枯的浓度为0．5％，循环容积为50ml，百草枯含量为250mg时活性炭和树脂的吸附率为88％、57％；百草枯的浓度为0．01％，循环容积为200ml，百草枯含量为20mg时，活性炭和树脂的吸附率为95％、87％。结论在百草枯浓度较低0．01％、较低含量20mg时，活性炭及大孔吸咐树脂对百草枯的吸附率无明显差异；在百草枯浓度较高0．5％、较高含量时，活性炭清除百草枯的作用优于大孔吸附树脂；临床上清除百草枯可以根据患者情况选用炭肾或树脂吸附柱进行血液灌流治疗。     

EDTA修饰的壳聚糖磁性吸附剂对当归提取液中的重金属的去除

中药提取液中的重金属不仅含量低,而且还易与提取液中的多种有机组分产生络合作用,一般很难高效脱除。该文应用EDTA修饰的壳聚糖磁性吸附剂(EDTA-modified chitosan/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄,简称EDCMS)对当归提取液中低浓度的重金属进行了吸附脱除实验。结果表明EDCMS对提取液中低浓度的重金属如铜,镉,铅等具有很高的去除效率,其中对镉、铅的去除率可分别达到90%,94.7%。此外,EDCMS对药液中的其他重金属如锌、锰等也有一定的脱除作用,但在脱除重金属过程中,药液中的含固量、阿魏酸的含量以及HPLC指纹图谱等均无显著变化。上述实验结果提示EDCMS对重金属的去除过程不会引起当归药液中主要药效成分的变化。     

中药中马兜铃酸快速检测及分离技术研究进展

马兜铃酸是一类广泛存在于马兜铃属及细辛属植物中的硝基菲羧酸类化合物,因其具有不可逆转的肾毒性,2000年6月,美国食品药品监督管理局下令停止进口、制造和销售含有马兜铃酸的原料及药品。随后,世界各国和地区纷纷暂停了含马兜铃酸药物的使用。但目前,一些含有低剂量马兜铃酸的药物仍在我国临床上广泛应用,鉴于马兜铃酸的不良反应,为保障临床用药安全和人民生命安全,对其进行风险评估具有重要意义。因此,对近年来马兜铃酸快速检测和分离技术的原理、应用、优势与不足进行总结,以期为含马兜铃酸的中药及其制剂的风险控制及安全使用提供科学依据。     

一次性阴道抑菌吸附剂在妇科术前阴道用药的临床观察

目的探讨一次性阴道抑菌吸附剂在妇科术前用药的效果观察。方法选择100例拟行子宫全切术的患者随机分为研究组和对照组。研究组在术前3d碘伏棉球阴道擦拭消毒后置入唯阴康1枚,6～9h取出2次/日;对照组术前用0.05%碘伏液阴道冲洗消毒3d2次/日。随访观察两组患者术后并发症发生情况。结果研究组和对照组术后发热率分别为2%、8%;腹部切口感染率分别为2.4%、7.5%;两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后第2天血象异常升高率分别为10%、24%;阴道分泌物异常改变阳性率分别为2%、16%;阴道残端甲级愈合率分别为98%、86%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论妇科术前应用一次性阴道抑菌吸附剂可减少手术并发症的发生。